小学生英语语法大全之词性讲解(小学英语基础知识大全)
小学生英语语法大全之词性讲解(小学英语基础知识大全)child-children foot-feet tooth-teeth fish-fish people-people Chinese-Chinese Japanese-Japaneseman-men woman-women policeman-policemen policewoman-policewomen mouse-mice· 以“辅音字母 y”结尾,变y为i 再加-es,如:family-families strawberry-strawberries· 以“f或fe”结尾,变f或fe为v 再加-es,如:knife-knives· 不规则名词复数:
一名词:名词单复数,名词的格
(一)名词单复数
· 一般情况,直接加-s,如:book-books bag-bags cat-cats bed-beds
· 以s. x. sh. ch结尾,加-es,如:bus-buses box-boxes brush-brushes watch-watches
· 以“辅音字母 y”结尾,变y为i 再加-es,如:family-families strawberry-strawberries
· 以“f或fe”结尾,变f或fe为v 再加-es,如:knife-knives
· 不规则名词复数:
man-men woman-women policeman-policemen policewoman-policewomen mouse-mice
child-children foot-feet tooth-teeth fish-fish people-people Chinese-Chinese Japanese-Japanese
· 不可数名词的复数就是原型: paper juice water milk rice tea
(二)名词的格
· 有生命的东西的名词所有格:
a) 单数后加 ’s 如: Lucy’s ruler my father’s shirt
b) 以s 结尾的复数名词后加 ’如: his friends’ bags
c) 不以s 结尾的复数后加 ’s children’s shoes
并列名词中,如果把 ’s加在最后一个名词后,表示共有 如:
Tom and Mike’s car 汤姆和迈克共有的小汽车
要表示所有物不是共有的,应分别在并列名词后加’s
Tom’s and Mike’s cars 汤姆和麦克各自的小汽车
· 表示无生命东西的名词通常用“ of 名词”来表示所有关系:如:
a picture of the classroom a map of China
二冠词:不定冠词,定冠词
1.种类:
(1)不定冠词:a / an a unit / an uncle
元音开头的可数名词前用an :
an egg / an apple / an orange / an eraser / an answer / an ID card / an alarm clock / an actor / an actress / an e-mail / an address / an event / an example / an opera / an houran old man / an interesting book / an exciting sport / an action movie / an art lesson /
(2)定冠词:the the egg the plane
2. 用法:
定冠词的用法:
· 特指某(些)人或某(些)物: The ruler is on the desk.
· 复述上文提到的人或物:He has a sweater. The sweater is new.
· 谈话双方都知道的人或物:The boys aren’t at school.
· 在序数词前: John’s birthday is February the second.
· 用于固定词组中: in the morning / afternoon / evening
不用冠词的情况:
· 专有名词前:China is a big country.
· 名词前有定语:this that my your some any no 等:
This is my baseball.
· 复数名词表示一类人和事:Monkeys can’t swim. They are teachers.
· 在节日,日期,月份,季节前:Today is Christmas Day. It’s Sunday.
· 一日三餐前:We have breakfast at 6:30.
· 球类 棋类运动前:They often play football after class. He plays chess at home.
* 但乐器前要用定冠词:I play the guitar very well.
· 学科名称前:My favorite subject is music.
· 在称呼或头衔的名词前:This is Mr Li.
· 固定词组中:at noon at night by bus