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换脸ps教程(换脸毫无PS痕迹)

换脸ps教程(换脸毫无PS痕迹)有网友惊叹换脸技术的高超,竟毫无违和感;也有网友谴责这种做法破坏了经典,还可能侵犯了肖像权;还有网友担忧该技术可能被用来制作明星黄色视频,不能随意乱用。当然,杨幂从未演过这一角色。这则视频发布后,瞬间引爆网络讨论。《射雕英雄传》还有诸多版本,翁美玲、周迅、林依晨等都曾扮演过黄蓉。Huang Rong a classic female role in the martial arts television series The Legend of the Condor Heroes has been played by many actresses in different versions including Athena Chu Barbara Yung Zhou Xun and Ariel Lin.多版黄蓉对比 图源:中国日报

2月25日,B站up主“换脸哥”上传了一段用AI技术制作的94版《射雕英雄传》(The Legend of the Condor Heroes)的短视频,其中饰演黄蓉的朱茵竟变成了杨幂。

换脸ps教程(换脸毫无PS痕迹)(1)

换脸ps教程(换脸毫无PS痕迹)(2)

A netizen named "Huanlian Ge" uploaded videos of Yang Mi as Huang Rong on the streaming site Bilibili with the help of artificial intelligence technology to "replace" Athena Chu's face in the 1994 TVB version with Yang's.

一位叫做“换脸哥”的网友在哔哩哔哩网站上传了杨幂“饰演”黄蓉的视频,该网友用人工智能技术把香港无线电视台94版《射雕英雄传》中朱茵的脸换成了杨幂的脸。

换脸ps教程(换脸毫无PS痕迹)(3)

黄蓉是《射雕英雄传》里的经典角色之一,94年朱茵版的黄蓉形象深入人心,成了那个年代人们对这部经典影视作品的集体记忆。

换脸ps教程(换脸毫无PS痕迹)(4)

《射雕英雄传》还有诸多版本,翁美玲、周迅、林依晨等都曾扮演过黄蓉。

Huang Rong a classic female role in the martial arts television series The Legend of the Condor Heroes has been played by many actresses in different versions including Athena Chu Barbara Yung Zhou Xun and Ariel Lin.

换脸ps教程(换脸毫无PS痕迹)(5)

多版黄蓉对比 图源:中国日报

当然,杨幂从未演过这一角色。这则视频发布后,瞬间引爆网络讨论。

有网友惊叹换脸技术的高超,竟毫无违和感;也有网友谴责这种做法破坏了经典,还可能侵犯了肖像权;还有网友担忧该技术可能被用来制作明星黄色视频,不能随意乱用。

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换脸ps教程(换脸毫无PS痕迹)(7)

换脸ps教程(换脸毫无PS痕迹)(8)

换脸ps教程(换脸毫无PS痕迹)(9)

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虽然杨幂本人也许对此一无所知(was completely unaware),但是@杨幂官方粉丝团2月27日在微博称:

AI换脸一方面是技术的革新,另一方面却细思极恐。大肆传播更是侵权行为。若广泛使用,普通大众可能因此受到极大困扰甚至是严重性伤害。希望广大网友能理性对待。

换脸ps教程(换脸毫无PS痕迹)(12)

图源:@杨幂官方粉丝团

换脸ps教程(换脸毫无PS痕迹)(13)

图源:@杨幂官方粉丝团

27日,视频制作者肖先生回应称:该视频“主要用于技术交流,并无营利行为。”

The video producer Xiao later responded on Bilibili: "These videos are mainly used for technical communication and there is no consideration of profit."

换脸ps教程(换脸毫无PS痕迹)(14)

目前,换脸哥已将此视频下架,并提醒大家“AI换脸应该被用以正确的方式,大家应尊重版权与肖像权,关注技术本身”。

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制作者声明

"The intention of the creation is to let more friends know about this technology and help celebrities avoid suffering losses from fake news."


"At the same time I hope these videos will let more people understand the secret behind fake videos and improve the public's ability to recognize a fake when they see it " the producer added.

换脸技术引发的狂欢与思考

这则换脸视频所使用的技术叫做“deepfake”(人工智能深度换脸)。

中国日报介绍道:

Images produced with "face-changing" technology are better known as deepfakes a portmanteau of "deep learning" and "fake".

使用“变脸”技术生成的图像更广为人知的名字是“人工智能深度换脸”(deepfake),这是个由“深度学习”(deep learning)和“假”(fake)组成的混成词。


portmanteau /pɔːt'mæntəʊ/ :混成词;两格式旅行衣箱

换脸ps教程(换脸毫无PS痕迹)(16)

安能辨我是AI

This is an artificial intelligence-based human image synthesis technique. It takes advantage of a combination of existing and source videos to result in a fake video that shows a person or persons performing an action that never occurred in reality.

这是一种基于人工智能的人类图像合成技术。它利用现有视频和源视频结合生成假视频,让视频中的人做出他们在现实中从未做过的动作。


synthesis /'sɪnθɪsɪs/:结合;综合体

换脸ps教程(换脸毫无PS痕迹)(17)

这些奥巴马视频都是假的

Deepfake引发争议已不是第一次。此前曾有人用这一技术将“神奇女侠”盖尔·加朵、艾玛·沃特森等女明星的脸贴在成人电影女主的脸上,新闻一出震惊网络。

Deepfake technology has caused a stir with realistic but completely fake depictions it can produce of celebrities and images of Hollywood stars including Scarlett Johansson Emma Watson and Gal Gadot have been used for deepfake porn videos.

人工智能深度换脸技术因为能完全伪造出真实的明星脸,曾引发大量争议,好莱坞明星如斯嘉丽·约翰逊、艾玛·沃特森、盖尔·加朵等还曾被换脸到成人影片中。

换脸ps教程(换脸毫无PS痕迹)(18)

对名人的名誉权与肖像权的侵害还只是这项技术可能造成的负面后果中影响较轻的,如果这种技术被应用于制造假新闻的话,后果更是不堪设想。

Anyone with access to this technology would be able to skew information manipulate beliefs and in so doing push ideologically opposed online communities deeper into their own subjective realities.

任何能够使用这项技术的人都可以歪曲信息、操纵观点,从而将处于对立意识形态的网络群体推向自己一方的主观现实。


skew /skjuː/:曲解;使不公允

manipulate /məˈnɪpjuleɪt/ :操纵;影响

马里兰大学法学教授丹妮儿·希特伦(Danielle Citron)和鲍比·切斯尼(Bobby Chesney)的研究列举了deepfake可能制造的一些假新闻,及其对国家和社会的危害:

  • Politicians and other government officials could appear in locations where they were not saying or doing horrific things that they did not.

    政客或政府官员可能会出现在他们没去过的地方,说一些他们没说过的可怕言论,做一些并非本人所为的事情。

  • Fake videos could place them in meetings with spies or criminals launching public outrage or criminal investigations.

    换脸视频可以编排他们与间谍或罪犯会面,从而引发公众愤怒,或刑事调查。


  • Soldiers could be shown murdering innocent civilians in a war zone precipitating waves of violence and even strategic harms to a war effort.

    虚假视频可以展现士兵在战区残杀无辜贫民,导致暴力冲突骤起,甚至对战事产生战略性的危害。

换脸ps教程(换脸毫无PS痕迹)(19)

虽然现在的换脸技术效果已经很好,但科技新闻媒体howtogeek表示,此项技术还尚未达到能完全以假乱真的地步。

该网站列出了辨别真假视频的几点窍门,一起来看看:

Weird looking faces.

怪怪的脸。

In a lot of deepfakes the faces just look weird. The features don't line up perfectly and everything just appears a bit waxy like in the image below. If everything else looks normal but the face appears weird it's probably a deepfake.

在很多深度换脸的视频中,人脸看起来很奇怪。五官排列得并不完美,到处看起来都像下图一样闪着蜡光。如果其他一切都很正常,只有脸看起来奇怪,那很可能是深度换脸。

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Loki被安上了尼古拉斯·凯奇的脸,面泛油光

Different bodies.

与真人身材不同。

Deepfakes are only face swaps. Most people try and get a good body match but it's not always possible. If the person seems to be noticeably heavier lighter taller shorter or has tattoos they don't have in real life there's a good chance it's a fake.

深度换脸只是换脸。大多数造假者会试图匹配一个相称的身体,但不一定都能成功。如果视频中的人看起来明显更重、更轻、更高、更矮,或者有现实生活中没有的纹身,那么就很有可能是假的。

No sound or bad lip syncing.

没有声音或蹩脚的对口型。

The deepfake software only adjusts facial features; it doesn't magically make one person sound like another. If there's no sound with the clip and there's no reason for the absence of sound it's another clue you're looking at a deepfake. Similarly even if there is sound if the spoken words don't match up correctly with the moving lips (or the lips look strange while the person talks) you might have a deepfake.

深度换脸软件只调整面部特征,它不会神奇地让一个人的声音也变成另一个人。如果该视频没有声音,并且这个视频没有理由没有声音,那说明你看的可能是深度换脸视频。同样的,即使有声音,但说出的话和嘴唇动作不匹配,或者说话人的嘴唇看起来很奇怪,那就可能是深度换脸的视频。

引人担忧的是,随着该技术的进一步发展,鉴别视频真伪的难度也会越来越大。

科技本身并无善恶之分,但利用该技术的人却各有动机,因此,完善法律和监管变得尤为重要。

编辑:左卓

实习编辑:陈月华

实习生:林铃锦

来源:中国日报 卫报 howtogeek

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