现在分词和过去分词作状语区别:非谓语结构伴随状语用
现在分词和过去分词作状语区别:非谓语结构伴随状语用Accompanied by his friend he went to the railway station.The students went out of the classroom laughing and talking .He has written the homework.The homework is written.3、分词句是包含现在分词或过去分词的分句。
大家好,这里是,吱吱英语。零基础语法的第 39 课,【非谓语动词(5)现在分词和过去分词】。关注【吱吱英语】每天都可以学到新东西哦~~1、V ing 可称为动名词(既保留着动词的特点,又具有名词的功能),也可称之为现在分词。
Writing books is his job.
- 译文:写书是他的工作。
- 主语:writing books
- 谓语:is
- 宾语:his job
- 句子分析:writing 在这里是动名词/现在分词,动名词词组 (writing books) 做主语。
He is writing a book.
- 译文:他正在写一本书。
- 主语:He
- 谓语:is writing (be v-ing 现在进行时)
- 宾语:a book
- 句子分析:writing 在这里是动名词/现在分词,is writing 做谓语,表正在进行。
2、动词的p.p形式(完成式),可以称之为动词过去分词,用在完成时和被动语态中。
He has written the homework.
- 译文:他已经写好了作业。
- 主语:He
- 谓语:has written(has p.p 现在完成时)
- 宾语:the homework
- 句子分析:written 在这里是p.p形式/过去分词,has written 做谓语,表完成时。
The homework is written.
- 译文:作业被写好。
- 主语:The homework
- 谓语:is written(is p.p 被动语态)
- 宾语:the homework
- 句子分析:written 在这里是p.p形式/过去分词,is written 做谓语,表被动时态。
3、分词句是包含现在分词或过去分词的分句。
The students went out of the classroom laughing and talking .
- 译文:这群学生笑着,说着,走出了教室。
- 主语:The students
- 谓语:went out
- 宾语:the classroom
- 状语:laughing and talking
- 句子分析:这里laughing and talking,都用的现在分词,表示伴随状语。因为句子中已经有谓语went out了,其他的动词如laugh and talk 就是非谓语动词,然而非谓语动词就三种形式(不定式,现在分词,过去分词),这里非谓语动词laughing and talking 用的现在分词形式。
Accompanied by his friend he went to the railway station.
- 译文:在朋友的陪伴下,他走向了地铁站。
- 主语:he
- 谓语:went to
- 宾语:the railway station
- 状语:Accompanied by his friend
- 句子分析:这里Accompanied by his friend,表示伴随状语,accompanied用的过去分词形式。因为句子中已经有谓语went to了,其他的动词如acompany就是非谓语动词,然而非谓语动词就三种形式(不定式,现在分词,过去分词),这里非谓语动词Accompanied用的过去分词形式。
4、现在分词与过去分词做状语的区别
现在分词表主动进行,过去分词表被动完成。
Hearing the bad news they couldn't help crying.
- 译文:听到这个坏消息,他们忍不住哭了。
- 主语:they
- 谓语:could not help
- 宾语:crying(动名词做宾语)
- 状语:hearing the bad news
- 句子分析:本句中,非谓语为hearing,因为听到消息与主语they是主动关系,是他们听到这个消息,忍不住哭了。所以这里用现在分词做非谓语结构。
- 句子还原:When they heard the bad news they couldn't help crying.
Given more attention your grades could have been higher.
- 译文:如果能多注意一下你的成绩,你的成绩可能会更好一点。
- 主语:your grades
- 谓语:could have been
- 表语:higher
- 状语:given more attention
- 句子分析:本句中,非谓语为given,因为多注意一下与主语grades成绩是被动关系,(成绩是被注意的)所以这里用过去分词做非谓语结构。
- 句子还原:If you had been given more attention to your grades,your grades could have been higher.
5、课后练习(答案在文末)
- He feel likes _______ (drink) coffee now.
- The door _______ (lock).
- _______ (give) better attention ,the plants could grow better.
- drinking 他现在想和咖啡,feel like V-ing
- was locked,门被锁了。一般过去被动语态,be done
- Given 如果多注意一下这些植物,这些植物会长得更好一些。give better attention与plants 是被动关系,用过去分词做非谓语结构。