乡间救助小鹿英语文章（牧野分歧-每日英语美文欣赏及听写）

乡间救助小鹿英语文章（牧野分歧-每日英语美文欣赏及听写）但我们此刻所在的草原西缘气候酷劣，大起大落的农业经济同样无情，因而仍有成片的草地被大致保全。2000年，一群保育工作者将这里定为保护草地多样性的关键地区；2001年，其中一名生物学家库尔特·弗里兹与蒙大拿本地居民肖恩·格里蒂共同创建了美国大草原保护组织（简称APR）。总闲不住的格里蒂以前在硅谷当过顾问，一头扫帚般的乱白发，声称该组织的行动主旨与高科技创业一样要“快速行动，灵活处理”。APR计划依靠私募资金，在密苏里河沿岸从愿意出售者手中以市场价买下他们的牧场，把该地区公有和私有的320万英亩（5000平方英里）的草原拼到一起。下一步是从草原上移除家畜，引入万头以上的野牛，拆除栅栏，恢复原生植被，为当地失去的野生动物再造回归繁荣之地。弗里兹说，草原生物多样性的特点就是群落庞大，“我们必须得放开眼界。”But here on the plains' western edge wher

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牧野分歧

每日听写10.3-10.7高级汇总

Austin oversees the herd of buffalo that graze below us and the properties that contain them. He works for the American Prairie Reserve a conservation organization seeking to create a massive protected area in central Montana and repopulate it with the wildlife of bygone days. Imagine: the plains as they looked in 1805 when explorer Meriwether Lewis climbed to the top of a similar bluff just east of here. "The whole face of the country was covered with herds of Buffaloes Elk & Antelopes " Lewis wrote in his journal.

奥斯汀负责监管我们脚下这群野牛和它们栖居的土地。他为美国大草原保护组织工作，该组织致力于在蒙大拿州中部建立广袤的保护区，重新引入昔日的野生物种。试想：草原回复1805年的旧观，如探险者梅里韦瑟·刘易斯爬上东边一道与这里差不多的悬崖时所见。“整片大地到处是成群的野牛、马鹿和羚羊。”刘易斯在日记中写道。

And then in outrageously short order the animals were gone. Historians estimate there were tens of millions of bison -- the term is interchangeable with buffalo -- when Lewis and fellow explorer William Clark traversed the northern plains; by the mid-1880s fewer than a thousand remained. Other prairie creatures -- grizzlies elk pronghorn bighorn sheep wolves swift foxes black-footed ferrets -- saw similar declines as settlement spread west. The migrants slaughtered wildlife for cash and sport built fences and roads that fractured the animals' habitat trailed livestock that competed for forage and spread disease and broke the prairie with their plows in order to farm it. Once broken it takes decades even centuries to fix.

随后，在短得过分的时间内，动物们消失了。历史学家估计，刘易斯和一同探险的威廉·克拉克穿越北方大平原时，这里曾有数千万头野牛，而到1880年代中期仅存不足1000头。其他草原生灵--灰熊、马鹿、叉角羚、大角羊、狼、草原狐和黑脚貂也都随着美国人向西部进发而经历了类似的骤减。新移民为了换钱和取乐屠戮野生动物，又修路设篱令它们的栖息地支离破碎。迁来的家畜与野生物种争夺水草，散播疾病。农耕的犁耙撕破草原。一旦破碎，就需要几十年甚至数百年来恢复。

But here on the plains' western edge where the climate is unforgiving and the boom-and-bust farming economy is equally remorseless swaths of prairie remain largely unbroken. In 2000 a group of conservationists identified this region as critical for preserving grassland biodiversity. In 2001 one member of that group a spare soft-spoken biologist named Curt Freese teamed up with a Montana native named Sean Gerrity to form the American Prairie Reserve or APR. Gerrity a kinetic former Silicon Valley consultant with an unruly mop of white hair says the idea was to "move fast and be nimble " in the manner of a high-tech start-up. The group would use private money to patch together 3.2 million acres or 5 000 square miles of private and public grassland along the Missouri River acquiring ranches from "willing sellers" at market prices. It would remove the cattle that grazed the land stock it with 10 000 or more bison tear out interior fences restore native vegetation and create the conditions in which the region's lost wildlife could return and thrive. Grassland biodiversity requires abundance Freese says. "You've got to think big."

但我们此刻所在的草原西缘气候酷劣，大起大落的农业经济同样无情，因而仍有成片的草地被大致保全。2000年，一群保育工作者将这里定为保护草地多样性的关键地区；2001年，其中一名生物学家库尔特·弗里兹与蒙大拿本地居民肖恩·格里蒂共同创建了美国大草原保护组织（简称APR）。总闲不住的格里蒂以前在硅谷当过顾问，一头扫帚般的乱白发，声称该组织的行动主旨与高科技创业一样要“快速行动，灵活处理”。APR计划依靠私募资金，在密苏里河沿岸从愿意出售者手中以市场价买下他们的牧场，把该地区公有和私有的320万英亩（5000平方英里）的草原拼到一起。下一步是从草原上移除家畜，引入万头以上的野牛，拆除栅栏，恢复原生植被，为当地失去的野生动物再造回归繁荣之地。弗里兹说，草原生物多样性的特点就是群落庞大，“我们必须得放开眼界。”

In the 19 years since the group has raised $160 million in private donations much of it from high-tech and business entrepreneurs. It has acquired 30 properties totaling 104 000 acres and more than 300 000 acres of grazing leases on adjacent federal and state land. The properties are all strategically located near two federally protected areas: the 1.1 million-acre Charles M. Russell National Wildlife Refuge and the 377 000-acre Upper Missouri River Breaks National Monument. Think of the refuge and monument as the trunk of a tree Gerrity says. In buying nearby properties "we're trying to expand the girth of the tree " adding branches to the trunk and enhancing the movement of wildlife between river systems and grasslands. Bison are an integral part of that restoration. APR now runs more than 800 on three of its properties.

在后面的19年间，APR募集了1.6亿美元私人捐款，大部分来自高科技领域和商界的企业家。它还收购了30处地产，总计10.4万英亩，还从邻近的国有、州属土地租借了逾30万英亩草场。这些区域都策略性地聚拢在两块国家保护区周边：一块是占地110万英亩的查尔斯·M.罗素国家野生动物保护区，另一块是37.7万英亩的上密苏里河断带国家保护区。格里蒂说，假如将这两片保护区想象成大树的主干，通过收购其附近地产，“我们就是在设法扩增外围”，为大树添枝加叶，促进野生动物在各个河系和草地之间的迁徙。野牛是修复生态的必需组分。APR目前在其3块地产上照管着800多头野牛。

Gerrity estimates the total cost to buy 500 000 acres of private land and endow it forever will be upwards of $500 million -- half the price of a professional football stadium which has a rough shelf life of 20 to 30 years. From 2009 to 2017 alone more than a million acres of native prairie were converted to cropland in the seven counties surrounding APR.

格里蒂估计，要购买并永久占有50万英亩的私人领地，总共要花费5亿美金--一座专业足球场价格的一半，而且足球场的使用年限大约是20到30年。仅在2009年到2017年间，美国草原保护区周围7个县超过一百万英亩的草场就变成了耕地。

"Species are blinking out " he says. "Habitat is going away. There's a really short period maybe 20 to 30 years to do some really big stuff and then the opportunity is going to be gone. We're swinging for the fences here."

他说：“物种正在消失。栖息地也正在消失。可以做一些大事的时间很短，可能只有二十到三十年，然后机会就消失了。我们正在因为这些栅栏付出代价。”

It's an audacious vision. It is also a very contentious one.

这是一个大胆的预测。它也同样充满争议。

When it rains in central Montana the dirt roads turn into what the locals call "gumbo " a slick clay-mud that often is impassable. It is mercifully drying out as Leah LaTray steers her pickup down a track snaked with deep ruts clods of mud winging out from the wheels. LaTray's great-grandfather Mose LaTreille was a cowboy of French and Native American heritage who came with the cattle to northern Montana in the 1870s. LaTray 47 wears a long black braid over her shoulder silver hoop earrings vest and kerchief and square-toed cowboy boots.

蒙大拿州中部下雨的时候，布满尘土的路面就会变成当地人口中的gumbo，意思是湿滑的无法通过的路。好在莉亚·拉特雷把皮卡开上布满车辙的小路时，路面已经干了，土块从轮子里滚出来。拉特里的曾祖父摩西·拉特雷是法国和美国土著的混血，也是一个牛仔。19世纪70年代，他骑着牛来到蒙大拿州的北部。拉特雷现在47岁，肩上垂着一条又黑又长的辫子，戴着银色的圆圈耳环，穿着背心，拿着手帕，脚上是方头牛仔靴。

听写方法

众所周知，听写是练习精听最好的方法。很多同学不知道怎么听写。下面简单介绍一下我听写时的方法。

第一步：完整的听一遍所有内容，对听写内容有大概的了解，并且抓住了一些核心词汇，为等一下的听写初步减轻难度。

第二步：以每个单句或意群为单位，一句一句的听，暂停后写。比如4.11听写内容中hang on a minute，听到这里可以点击暂停并写下这句。

第三步：边听边写。如果听完却没有写完，也没有记住漏掉的单词，那么返回去重听，补充漏掉的词。

第四步：如果一句话反复听了五遍还是没有听出来一些单词，做好标记，放弃。继续听下面。

第五步：如此下来一篇听完了。完成今天的任务了么？不！千万不要丢掉极其重要的一步：校对！

有两个方面要校对：

1.没有听出来的意群：可能包括连读或者省音 分析错误的原因并做笔记。

2.没有听出来或听错的单词:每篇校对后写在听写笔记下面并罗列 这些才是你每天的进步之基。