by有多少种用法(by的用法)
by有多少种用法(by的用法)We travelled by car.2、用来提及运输方式,意为“开…,坐…,乘…”等,例如:我们祖父母的房子坐落在一条美丽的河边。By the cottage there is a nice little fountain.小屋旁边有一个漂亮的小喷泉。
by 是一个用法非常广泛的单词,可以作介词,也可以作副词。
一、by 作介词
1、用来暗示某事靠近某物或在某物的旁边,意为“靠近,在…旁边”,例如:
Our grand parents’ house is situated by a beautiful river.
我们祖父母的房子坐落在一条美丽的河边。
By the cottage there is a nice little fountain.
小屋旁边有一个漂亮的小喷泉。
2、用来提及运输方式,意为“开…,坐…,乘…”等,例如:
We travelled by car.
我们开车旅行。
She has already made plans to travel by train.
她已经制定了乘火车旅行的计划。
3、用来指示一个时间段,意为“不迟于…,在…之前”,例如:
I will hand over the report by next Friday.
我将在下星期五前交报告。
I will be finishing off by 6 o’ clock today.
我今天六点前就要下班了。
4、用来表明某人必须经过某人或某物,意为“经过”,例如:
He walked by me without speaking.
他一言不发地从我身边走过。
You have to come by the lake to get to her place.
你必须经过湖边,才能到她家。
5、用来提及谁负责创作,写作或制作,意为“由…创作,由…写作,由…制作”等,例如:
Pride and Prejudice is one of the finest novels written by Jane Austen.
《傲慢与偏见》是简·奥斯汀创作的最优秀的小说之一。
This is one of the greatest plays composed by Ibsen.
这是易卜生创作的最伟大的戏剧之一。
6、用来指示某物的增长或减少,意为“(增长或下降了)…数量”等,例如:
Since the election is next month no wonder that the prices have dropped by 20%.
因为下个月选举,难怪物价下降了20%。
House prices went up by 10%.
房价上涨了10%。
7、用来指示做某事的方式,意为“靠…,通过…,采取…”等,例如:
For the transaction I wish to pay by cash.
我想用现金支付这笔交易。
I will contact you by letter.
我会给你写信联系的。
8、用于乘除运算,例如:
6 multiplied by 2 equals 12.
6乘以2等于12。
What is ten divided by five?
十除以五是多少?
9、用来补充有关出生地、职业等的信息,例如:
He's German by birth.
他是德国血统的。
My father is an engineer by profession.
我父亲是个工程师。
10、用来置于不带 the 的名词前,表示原因,例如:
It happened by accident.
这是偶然发生的。
I did it by mistake.
我误做了这事。
11、用来指示一个动作发生的特殊时间段,意为“在…”,例如:
Since there are wild animals roaming around it’s best if we travel by day.
既然有野生动物到处游荡,我们最好白天去旅行。
We travel by night as well as by day.
我们不但白天旅行而且晚上也旅行。
12、用来说明某物符合某一特定标准或某人,意为“从…看;依,按照”,例如:
It is prohibited by law.
这是法律禁止的。
By my watch it is two o'clock.
我的表是两点钟。
13、用来表示触及或抓住的人或物的部分,例如:
I pulled her by the hand to avoid the accident.
我拉着她的手以免发生事故。
She seized her by the hair.
她揪住她的头发。
14、用来与 the 连用,表示时间或量度单位,例如:
I think you have to pay by the hour for the services.
我认为你必须按小时付费。
We only sell it by the metre.
我们只按米出售。
15、用来表示尺寸,意为“乘”,例如:
The room measures fifteen feet by twenty feet.
房间15英尺宽乘20英尺长。
We need a ten inch by twenty inch board.
我们需要一块十英寸乘二十英寸的木板。
二、by 作副词
1、意为“经过”,例如:
Just drive by. Don't stop.
直接开过去。别停车。
He hurried by without speaking to me.
他没和我说话就匆匆过去了。
2、用来表示保留或保存时用,例如:
I've put some money by for college fees.
我已经存了些钱作大学学费。
3、短暂拜访,例如:
I'll come by this evening and pick up the books.
我今晚过来取书。