英国的金融怎么样（英国的生活成本）
英国的金融怎么样（英国的生活成本）2月3日，英格兰银行预测年度消费价格通胀率将从12月的5.4%上升到4月的7%以上。On February 3rd the Bank of England predicted that annual consumer-price inflation would rise from 5.4% in December to above 7% in April.Just 9% said they were not feeling the squeeze. Nearly three-quarters of those facing rising costs are passing some on in higher prices.只有9%的人说他们感觉不到压力。近四分之三面临成本上涨的人正在将部分成本转嫁到更高的价格上。[Paragraph 2]Households too are seein
《经济学人》双语：英国的生活成本？原文标题：
The cost of living crisis
Bare necessities
How higher prices and taxes will affect businesses and households
生活成本危机
基本必需品
更高的价格和税收将如何影响企业和家庭
Britain`s cost-of-living squeeze in four charts
Higher prices and taxes are only partially offset by government measures
英国的生活成本挤进了四个图表
政府政策只是抵消了部分上涨的价格和税收
[Paragraph 1]
THE ABILITY to ignore inflation is increasingly a luxury.
忽视通货膨胀的能力越来越成为一种奢侈。
A survey of members of the British Chamber of Commerce a business association found that most were experiencing pressure from pricier labour utilities and raw materials.
一项针对英国商会（一个商业协会）成员的调查发现，大多数人都面临着来自更昂贵的劳动力、水电费和原材料的压力。
Just 9% said they were not feeling the squeeze. Nearly three-quarters of those facing rising costs are passing some on in higher prices.
只有9%的人说他们感觉不到压力。近四分之三面临成本上涨的人正在将部分成本转嫁到更高的价格上。
[Paragraph 2]
Households too are seeing their costs go up.
家庭的成本也在上升。
On February 3rd the Bank of England predicted that annual consumer-price inflation would rise from 5.4% in December to above 7% in April.
2月3日，英格兰银行预测年度消费价格通胀率将从12月的5.4%上升到4月的7%以上。
Food fuel and services such as restaurants and hotels are all becoming pricier.
食品、燃料和服务（如餐厅和酒店）都变得越来越贵。
Brexit the pandemic and an energy-price shock are among the culprits.
英国脱欧、疫情和能源价格冲击都是罪魁祸首。
Before government intervention the average household’s annual bill for electricity and gas was set to increase by £693 ($939).
在政府干预之前，普通家庭每年的电费和煤气费将增加693英镑（939美元）。
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The pain will be felt unevenly. In November universal credit became more generous for low-paid workers and in April the minimum wage will rise by 6.6%.
这种压力和痛苦不均。11月，英国通用福利政策（见文末补充资料）对低薪工人更慷慨，4月最低工资将提高6.6%。
But pensioners and those out of work will see their benefits rise by just 3.1% less than half the expected increase in living costs.
但养老金领取者和失业者的福利只会增加3.1%，不到预期生活成本增长的一半。
Since taxes are also rising in April the Bank of England predicts that households are about to experience the biggest cut in disposable income since 1949 when records began.
由于4月份税收也在增加，英格兰银行预测，自1949年有记录以来，家庭可支配收入将经历最大的削减。
[Paragraph 4]
The government is seeking to blunt the impact.
政府正努力削弱这种影响。
Some Conservative MPs had called for the scheduled rise in payroll taxes to be postponed or value-added tax to be removed from energy bills.
一些保守派议员曾呼吁把原定的工资税上调计划推迟，或从能源账单中取消增值税。
Instead it opted for a more progressive approach.
相反，它选择了一种更为进步的方式。
From April it will offer 80% of households a council-tax rebate worth £150 and from October all will get £200 taken off their energy bill (to be repaid later).
从4月起，它将为80%的家庭退还价值150英镑的家庭税，从10月起，所有家庭将从能源账单中扣除200英镑（之后偿还）。
The Warm Home Discount for 3m poor households will increase from £140 to £150; everyone else will pay an extra £5.
为300万贫困家庭提供的暖家折扣将从140英镑增加到150英镑；其他人将额外支付5英镑。
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The net result of all this is that the very worst-off will get about the same amount of cash help as the rich even though they will find it harder to pay for essentials.
所有这一切的最终结果是，最贫穷的人将获得与富裕差不多的现金帮助，尽管他们会发现很难支付生活必需品。
For many government support will only partially offset higher costs. And even that will be withdrawn at some point.
对许多人来说，政府的政策支持只能部分抵消上涨的成本。甚至政策在某个时候也会撤回。
Both voters and politicians will continue to feel the pain.
选民和政客都将继续处于痛苦中。
（恭喜读完，本篇英语词汇量402左右）
原文出自：2022年2月12日《经济学人》Britain版块
精读笔记来源于：自由英语之路
本文翻译整理：Irene
本文编辑校对：Irene
仅供个人英语学习交流使用。
【补充资料】（来源于网络）
英国的通用福利政策：大致可以分为“教育福利、儿童和孕妇福利，医疗福利和退休福利”等几类。涵盖了生活的方方面面。例如：
英国政策名词：
暖家折扣(The Warm Home Discount）：为低收入家庭提供140英镑的折扣。
能源公司义务( The Energy Company Obligation ）：采取了建筑节能措施的合格用户可以申请此项补贴。
新装智能电表更换计划 ( The rollout of new Smart Meters）：从现在起至2020年，要求所有售电公司都为用户提供智能电表。
低碳发电和安全供应项目：这个项目是为了大力发展低碳发电，供应更加清洁和稳定供应的能源，同时能够降低市场电价和高价的波动性。
【重点句子】（3个）
The ability to ignore inflation is increasingly a luxury.
忽视通货膨胀的能力越来越成为一种奢侈。
Brexit the pandemic and an energy-price shock are among the culprits.
英国脱欧、疫情和能源价格冲击都是罪魁祸首。
The government is seeking to blunt the impact.
政府正试图削弱这种影响。
