我们的地球怎么了英文作文（我们的地球正在变得越来越热）
我们的地球怎么了英文作文（我们的地球正在变得越来越热）Crucially however climate scientists emphasize it's the long-term temperature trend that really matters and best illustrates how global surface temperatures are changing rather than what occurs during a particular year or group of years.具体来说，根据美国国家航空航天局和美国国家海洋和大气管理局(NOAA)的数据，全球表面平均温度在最热的年份中排名第六，使过去8年成为140多年有可靠记录以来最热的8年。2021年的气温比19世纪末的平均气温高出近2华氏度(约1.1摄氏度)。Top U.S. earth scientists announced
"It is crystal clear that temperatures are going up and they're going up quickly."
“很明显，气温正在上升，而且上升得很快。”
Climate 101 is a Mashable series that answers provoking and salient questions about earth’s warming climate.
气候101是Mashable的一个系列节目，回答了有关地球气候变暖的令人振奋和突出的问题。
Top U.S. earth scientists announced Thursday that 2021 was among the hottest years on record.
美国顶尖地球科学家周四宣布，2021年是有记录以来最热的年份之一。
Specifically the average global surface temperature was the sixth warmest according to both NASA and the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA) making the last eight years the eight warmest in over 140 years of reliable record-keeping. Temperatures in 2021 were nearly 2 degrees Fahrenheit (about 1.1 Celsius) hotter than average temperatures in the late 19th century.
具体来说，根据美国国家航空航天局和美国国家海洋和大气管理局(NOAA)的数据，全球表面平均温度在最热的年份中排名第六，使过去8年成为140多年有可靠记录以来最热的8年。2021年的气温比19世纪末的平均气温高出近2华氏度(约1.1摄氏度)。
Crucially however climate scientists emphasize it's the long-term temperature trend that really matters and best illustrates how global surface temperatures are changing rather than what occurs during a particular year or group of years.
然而，至关重要的是，气候科学家强调，真正重要的是长期的温度趋势，它最好地说明了全球表面温度是如何变化的，而不是在某一年或某几年发生的变化。
And the decades-long trend is unambiguous. Temperatures have been on an upward trajectory for nearly half a century.
几十年来的趋势是明确的。近半个世纪以来，气温一直呈上升趋势。
"It is the long-term effects on climate that we're really worried about " Zeke Hausfather a climate scientist and researcher at the environmental science organization Berkeley Earth told Mashable. "It is crystal clear that temperatures are going up and they're going up quickly."
“我们真正担心的是对气候的长期影响，”气候科学家、环境科学组织伯克利地球(Berkeley Earth)的研究员齐克·豪斯金(Zeke Hausfather)告诉Mashable。“很明显，气温正在上升，而且上升得很快。”
Average global surface temperatures since 1880
Credit: NASA
自1880年以来的全球平均地表温度
来源：NASA
Amid the rising global temperature trend there are small bumps like little peaks and valleys. This is due to recurring short-term climate patterns impacting the larger warming signal. The most influential of the patterns occur in the sprawling Pacific Ocean which can see year-to-year periods of sea surface warming (El Niño) or cooling (La Niña). This temporarily pushes overall global temperatures up or down. That's why the decades-long story is crucial to watch. It cuts through the noise.
在全球气温上升的趋势中，有小的起伏，像小的高峰和低谷。这是由于反复出现的短期气候模式影响了更大的变暖信号。最具影响力的模式发生在广阔的太平洋，它可以看到每年的海洋表面变暖(厄尔尼诺)或变冷(拉尼娜)。这会暂时推动全球整体气温上升或下降。这就是为什么这个长达几十年的故事非常值得关注。它能穿透噪音。
"It is crystal clear that temperatures are going up and they're going up quickly."
“很明显，气温正在上升，而且上升得很快。”
"We live on a dynamic planet with lots of daily weekly monthly and annual fluctuations " emphasized Sarah Green an environmental chemist at Michigan Technological University who had no involvement with the 2021 climate reports. "If you're looking for long-term changes you have to average over the long term."
“我们生活在一个充满活力的星球上，每天、每周、每月和每年都有很多波动，”密歇根理工大学的环境化学家莎拉·格林(Sarah Green)强调说。她没有参与2021年的气候报告。“如果你在寻找长期的变化，你必须长期平均。”
"The focus on short-term variability is not really helpful " agreed Hausfather.
“关注短期的变化并没有真正的帮助，”豪斯金表示赞同。
In 2021 La Niña conditions in the Pacific Ocean had a cooling effect on Earth. But even so the human impact on our climate remains outsized. To illustrate 2021 makes 1998 look like an unusually cool year. But 1998 was "crazy warm" at the time noted Hausfather as the warming trend was enhanced by a potent El Niño event in the Pacific Ocean.
2021年，太平洋的La Niña条件对地球产生了冷却效应。但即便如此，人类对气候的影响依然巨大。举例来说，2021年让1998年看起来异常凉爽。但豪斯菲尔德指出，1998年当时是“疯狂的温暖”，因为太平洋上强有力的厄尔尼诺事件加强了变暖趋势。
Today's relentlessly rising temperatures are no surprise. Large-scale human activities primarily the burning of fossil fuels refined from ancient carbon-rich decomposed creatures have driven momentous changes in the atmosphere. For example levels of the most important greenhouse gas carbon dioxide are now the highest they've been in some 3 million years and are still rising. Each passing year humanity emits prodigious amounts of carbon into the atmosphere.
如今气温的持续上升并不令人意外。大规模的人类活动，主要是燃烧从古代富含碳的分解生物提炼的化石燃料，导致了大气的重大变化。例如，最重要的温室气体二氧化碳的水平现在达到了约300万年以来的最高水平，而且还在上升。每年，人类都会向大气中排放大量的碳。
With current carbon-cutting commitments from global nations the world is on track to warm by some 2.7 C (nearly 5 F) which would have Extreme disastrous environmental consequences. Already the consequences of warming are serious. For example:
根据全球各国目前的碳减排承诺，全球气温将上升约2.7摄氏度(近5华氏度)，这将带来极端、灾难性的环境后果。气候变暖的后果已经很严重。例如:
- Extreme fires: Increased temperatures and dryness parch vegetation and allow wildfires to burn more rapidly significantly contributing to unnatural infernos and extreme urban firestorms. ("It takes just a little bit of warming to lead to a lot more burning.")
极端火灾:温度升高和干燥使植被干燥，使野火燃烧得更快，极大地助长了非自然的地狱和极端的城市火灾风暴。(“只要一点点升温，就会导致更多的燃烧。”)
- Severe deluges: A warmer climate allows the atmosphere to hold more water. This boosts the odds for more severe and record-breaking deluges.
严重的洪水:气候变暖会使大气中储存更多的水。这增加了发生更严重和破纪录洪水的几率。
- Destabilized ice sheets: Warmer ocean waters have destabilized the Florida-sized Thwaites Glacier. It's receding back; if it collapses it can ultimately raise sea levels in the coming centuries by many feet.
不稳定的冰盖:温暖的海水使佛罗里达州大小的思韦茨冰川不稳定。它在后退;如果它崩塌，它最终会使海平面在未来几个世纪上升许多英尺。
- Ocean heating: The ocean absorbs over 90 percent of the heat humanity traps on Earth. That's a nearly unfathomable number. This portends continued sea level rise great disruptions to animal life and beyond. Ocean heat hit a record high in 2021.
海洋加热:海洋吸收了人类在地球上捕获的90%以上的热量。这几乎是一个深不可测的数字。这预示着海平面的持续上升，对动物生活的巨大破坏，等等。海洋温度在2021年创下历史新高。
- More vector-borne disease: As the climate warms creatures that infect us with pathogens (vectors like mosquitoes and ticks) spread.
更多的病媒传播疾病:随着气候变暖，用病原体(如蚊子和蜱虫等病媒)感染我们的生物开始传播。
The impacts of climate change will only grow until nations drop carbon emissions to around zero. But with each passing year efforts to limit warming to some 2 C (3.6 F) above 19th-century levels grow more daunting. The big solutions however like the vast expansion of powerful ocean wind farms and
除非各国将碳排放降低到零左右，否则气候变化的影响只会越来越大。但每过一年，将气温上升限制在比19世纪水平高2摄氏度(3.6华氏度)的努力变得更加艰巨。然而，大型解决方案，如大规模扩张强大的海洋风力发电场和采用电动汽车，是众所周知的。
"The more you delay the harder it is " said Green.
格林说:“你越拖延，就越困难。”
