新概念第一册精讲语法（新概念第一册语法精讲17-20课）
新概念第一册精讲语法（新概念第一册语法精讲17-20课）4．名词的复数形式（2）这是介绍人们彼此熟悉时的常用句型。请参见 Lessons 5～6课文详注。 2．Come and meet our employees…来见见我们的雇员……这里的and表示目的。请参见 Lessons 13～14中语法部分的解释。 3．This is Nicola Grey，and this is Claire Taylor．这位是尼古拉·格雷，这位是克莱尔·泰勒。
新概念第一册17-18 课文详解及练习答案
课文详注 Further notes on the text
1．How do you do？您好。
这是用于第一次见面时的较正式用语。一般用同样的话往返答。请参见 Lessons 5～6课文详注。
2．Come and meet our employees…来见见我们的雇员……
这里的and表示目的。请参见 Lessons 13～14中语法部分的解释。
3．This is Nicola Grey，and this is Claire Taylor．这位是尼古拉·格雷，这位是克莱尔·泰勒。
这是介绍人们彼此熟悉时的常用句型。请参见 Lessons 5～6课文详注。
4．名词的复数形式（2）
假如名词单数词尾为-f或-fe（读作／f／），则其复数一律变为-ves （读作／vz／），即将-f或-fe变成-v，再加-es而成，如 housewife----housewives。
英语中有一些名词的复数形式是不规则的，如man与woman其复数形式分别为men与women。此外还可用man，woman等来区别阳性与阴性：以-man结尾的一些复合名词指男性，如milkman---- milkmen，policeman ---- policemen；一些以-woman结尾的名词指女性，如postwoman---- postwomen，policewoman ---- policewomen。
5．数字200，1，000，1，001的英文写法
200 ---- two hundred 1，000 ---- a（或 one） thousand 1，001 ---- a thousand and one
语法 Grammar in use
1．who 引导的非凡疑问句
Who is…？或 Who are…？这类以疑问词 who引导的疑问句通常用来询问人的姓名和身份。Who…？仅指人，可以用来询问男性、女性、单数或复数的人。如：
注重这种句型与 What is…？或 What are…？这类句型的区别：What…？句型主要用来询问人的类别或职业，如：
请参见 Lessons 5～6与 Lessons 7～8语法部分的解释。
2．所有格形容词与人称代词 （请参见Lessons 11～12语法部分。）
所有格形容词their 意为“他们的”，其对应的人称代词是they。下面是人称代词及其对应的所有格形容词形式：
练习答案 Key to written exercises
Lesson 18
A
1 That man is tall. He is a policeman.
2 Those girls are busy. They are keyboard operators.
3 Our names are Britt and Inge. We are Swedish.
4 Look at our office assistant. He is very hard-working.
5 Look at Nicola. She is very pretty.
6 Michael Baker and Jeremy Short are employees. They are sales reps.
B
1 Are they keyboard operators or air hostesses? They aren't keyboard operators. They're air hostesses.
2 Are they postmen or policemen? They aren't postmen. They're policemen.
3 Are they policewomen or nurses? They aren't policewomen. They're nurses.
4 Are they customs officers or hairdressers? They aren't customs officers. They're hairdressers.
5 Are they hairdressers or teachers? They aren't hairdressers. They're teachers.
6 Are they engineers or taxi drivers? They aren't engineers. They're taxi drivers.
7 Are they policewomen or keyboard operators? They aren't policewomen. They're keyboard operators.
8 Are they milkmen or engineers? They aren't milkmen. They're engineers.
9 Are they policemen or milkmen? They aren't policemen. They're milkmen.
10 Are they nurses or housewives? They aren't nurses. They're housewives.
词汇学习 Word study
1．custom n. 风俗；习惯；
When visiting a foreign country we might find the country's customs strange to us.
当我们去外国访问时，我们也许会发现该国的某些风俗习惯有些希奇。
It is his custom to go for a walk in the evenings. 他惯常在晚上出去散步。
2．customs Customs n. [复]海关；征收关税的程序：
The spy was stopped at the Customs and questioned. 那个间谍在海关被截住并被加以盘问。
How long will it usually take to pass the Customs? 通过海关检查通常要花费多少时间？
新概念第一册19-20 课文详解及练习答案
课文详注 Further notes on the text
1．What's the matter？怎么啦？
相当于 What's wrong？或 Tell me what's wrong。这个句型通常用来询问发生了什么事。假如要非凡提及某人，可以在后面加上介词with，如：
What's the matter with you?你怎么啦？
What's the matter with Claire?克莱尔怎么啦？
2．Mum，儿语中小孩子对母亲的称呼。与此相似，dad是对父亲的儿语称呼。
3．There's = There is。它表示“有”、“存在”，为 there be结构的一般现在时缩略形式。
4．Two ice creams please．请拿两份冰淇淋。
相当于 Give us two ice creams，please。请参见 Lessons 3～4课文注释。ice cream是物质名词。物质名词前加不定冠词 a或基数词表示一种、一份、一客、一类、一阵等。
语法 Grammar in use
1．there be结构（1）
在说明或询问人、物等的存在时即可使用there be结构。说There's an ice cream man比说An ice cream man is there更合乎习惯，也更为自然。there be结构可将重要的新信息置于句末，以示强调。此结构中的实际主语是be后面的名词。因此，假如该名词是单数就用is，如是复数则为are。
2．人称代词与be
英文中系动词be（是）必须根据不同的人称代词作相应的变化。请参见Lessons15～16语法部分中有关be的一般现在时形式的内容，包括某些缩略形式，如：they are not =they aren't =they're not，we are not = we aren't =we're not。
词汇学习 Word study
1．thirsty adj.
（1）渴的，口干的： We're tired and thirsty.我们又累又渴。
（2）（土地等）干旱的： a dry and thirsty land 干旱的土地
（3）渴望的，渴求的（for，after）：The students there are thirsty for knowledge. 那里的学生有强烈的求知欲。
2．matter n.
（1）事情，事件：
It's a private matter.这是件私事。
He's not very interested in financial matters.他对财政方面的事情并不太感爱好。
（2）麻烦事，困难：
What's the matter Anna? 怎么了，安娜？
What's the matter with Steven? 史蒂文是怎么回事？
练习答案 Key to written exercises
Lesson 20
A
1 Those children are tired.
2 Their mother is tired too.
3 That ice cream man is very busy.
4 His ice creams are very nice.
5 What's the matter children? We are thirsty.
6 What's the matter Tim? I am tired.
B
1 Are the children tired or thirsty? They're not tired. They're thirsty.
2 Are the postmen cold or hot? They're not cold. They're hot.
3 Are the hairdressers thin or fat? They're not thin. They're fat.
4 Are the shoes small or big? They're not small. They're big.
5 Are the shops shut or open? They're not shut. They're open.
6 Are his cases heavy or light? They're not heavy. They're light.
7 Are grandmother and grandfather young or old? They're not young. They're old.
8 Are their hats old or new? They're not old. They're new.
9 Are the policemen short or tall? They're not short. They're tall.
10 Are his trousers short or long? They're not short. They're long.
