雅思口语里的常用句型整理（学会从长句中提取基本句型结构）
雅思口语里的常用句型整理（学会从长句中提取基本句型结构）（简单句，现在完成时，被动语态，because of 介词短语作原因状语。）4. Because of its irritating effect on humans the use of phenol as a general antiseptic has been largely discontinued.（of 介词短语提前到句首，起强调作用，“常规位置”应在主谓之间，即people与will live之间。）3. Anthropologists have discovered that fear happiness sadness and surprise are universally reflected in facial expressions.（含有宾语从句的主从复合句，主句为现在完成时，从句为一般现在时被动语态。）
学会从长句中提取基本句型结构
1. Typical of the grassland dwellers of the continent is the American antelope or pronghorn.
（“主-系-表”结构，倒装句。）
2. Of the millions who saw Haley's comet in 1986 how many people will live long enough to see it return in the twenty-first century?
（of 介词短语提前到句首，起强调作用，“常规位置”应在主谓之间，即people与will live之间。）
3. Anthropologists have discovered that fear happiness sadness and surprise are universally reflected in facial expressions.
（含有宾语从句的主从复合句，主句为现在完成时，从句为一般现在时被动语态。）
4. Because of its irritating effect on humans the use of phenol as a general antiseptic has been largely discontinued.
（简单句，现在完成时，被动语态，because of 介词短语作原因状语。）
5. In order to remain in existence a profit-making organization must in the long run produce something consumers consider useful or desirable.
（含有定语从句的主从复合句，定语从句的引导词that在从句中作consider的宾语，故省略，useful or desirable 是形容词作宾语补足语；in order to do sth. 是不定式短语作目的状语的强调形式；in the long run 意为“长远看来”/“最终”。）
6. The greater the population there is in a locality the greater the need there is for water transportation and disposal of refuse.
学会从长句中提取基本句型结构
16. The development of mechanical timepieces spurred the search for more accurate sundials with which to regulate them.
（“主-谓-宾”结构的简单句；主干是 development spurred search；主语和宾语均带有介词短语作定语；with which to regulate them 是特殊的不定式短语，相当于定语从句 with which one could regulate them；them 指代的是 timepieces。）
17. Anthropology is a science in that anthropologists use a rigorous set of methods and techniques to document observations that can be checked by others.
（含有 in that...原因状语从句和that定语从句的主从复合句；主句是“主-系-表”结构，名词作表语；定语从句是被动语态，先行词是 observations；to document observations... 是不定式短语作目的状语。）
18. Fungi are important in the process of decay which returns ingredients to the soil enhances soil fertility and decomposes animal debris.
（用一般现在时陈述真理性事实；含有非限制性定语从句的主从复合句，主句是“主-系”结构，形容词作表语，in介词短语作状语；定语从句是有三个谓语的并列句，先行词是process，of decay介词短语作process的定语。）
19. When it is struck a tuning fork produces an almost pure tone retaining its pitch over a long period of time.
（含有when时间状语从句的主从复合句；主句主干是 a fork produces a tone，显然是“主-谓-宾”结构；tuning是动名词作定语，表示用途；retaining...是现在分词短语作伴随状语 。）
20. Although pecans are most plentiful in the southeastern part of the United States they are found as far north as Ohio and Illinois.
（含有although引导的让步状语从句的主从复合句；主句是被动语态；从句是“主-系-表” 结构。）
21. Eliminating problems by transferring the blame to others is often called scapegoating.
（被动语态简单句；主语是动名词短语，其中的by介词短语作动名词eliminating的状语； to others是介词短语作动名词transferring的状语；scapegoating是动名词作主语补足语。）
22. The chief foods eaten in any country depend largely on what grows best in its climate and soil.
（含有宾语从句的主从复合句；depend on 意为“取决于”/“要看”；主语foods后跟过去分词短语作定语，相当于一个被动语态的定语从句，可改为that are eaten in any country...；what引导的名词性从句作介词on的宾语。）
23. Over a very large number of trials the probability of an event's occurring is equal to the probability that it will not occur.
（含有同位语从句的主从复合句；主句为“主-系-表”结构，表语是形容词短语equal to...；of介词短语作主语的定语；that引导同位语从句；over介词短语作状语。）
24. Most substances contract when they freeze so that the density of a substance's solid is higher than the density of its liquid.
（主从复合句，含有when引导的时间状语从句、so that引导的结果状语从句和than引导的比较状语从句；主句主干substances contract是“主-谓”结构。）
25. The mechanism by which brain cells store memories is not clearly understood.
（主从复合句，含有by which引导的定语从句；主句主干是被动语态；从句主干是“主-谓-宾”结构。）
26. By the middle of the twentieth century painters and sculptors in the United States had begun to exert a great worldwide influence over art.
（简单句，过去完成时与作时间状语的by介词短语连用；exert an influence over sth./sb. 对……施加影响；in the United States是介词短语作定语。）
27. In the eastern part of New Jersey lies the city of Elizabeth a major shipping and manufacturing center.
（简单句，典型的倒装句----主语是the city of Elizabeth，原因是主语带有同位语，整个主语部分比较长----如果在逗号后添加which is，句语主语的同位语就变成了非限制性定语从句；lie stand go come 等词经常用于介词短语(作地点状语)提前到句首的倒装句。）
28. Elizabeth Blackwell the first woman medical doctor in the United States founded the New York Infirmary an institution that has always had a completely female medical staff.
（主从复合句，含有that引导的定语从句----先行词institution作Infirmary的同位语；主句主干是“主-谓-宾”结构；主语和谓语之间是主语的同位语。）
29. Alexander Graham Bell once told his family that he would rather be remembered as a teacher of the deaf than as the inventor of the telephone.
（主从复合句，含有that引导的宾语从句和than引导的状语从句；重点掌握表示“取舍”的句型“...would rather... than...”。）
30. Because its leaves remain green long after being picked rosemary became associated with the idea of remembrance.
（主从复合句，含有because引导的原因状语从句；主句和从句都是“主-系-表”结构，分别是过去分词和形容词作表语；remain和become都是连系动词。）
31. Although apparently rigid bones exhibit a degree of elasticity that enables the skeleton to withstand considerable impact.
（主从复合句，含有that引导的定语从句；主句是“主-谓-宾”结构，从句是“主-谓-宾-补”结构；掌握固定搭配“enable sb./sth. to do sth.”，to withstand... 是不定式短语作宾语补足语；although apparently rigid是一个作状语的形容词短语，相当于although引导的让步状语从句\。）
32. That xenon could not form chemical compounds was once believed by scientists.
（主从复合句，含有that引导的主语从句，引导词that不充当成分也没有任何意义但不能省略；主句主干是“主-谓”结构，被动语态。）
33. Research into the dynamics of storms is directed toward improving the ability to predict these events and thus to minimize damage and avoid loss of life.
（简单句，主干是research is directed，被动语态；into介词短语作后置定语；toward improving...介词短语作状语；improving the ability...动名词短语作介词toward的宾语；to predict... and to minimize... and avoid... 是不定式短语作ability的定语。）
34. The elimination of inflation would ensure that the amount of money used in repaying a loan would have the same value as the amount of money borrowed.
（虚拟语气主从复合句，含有that引导的宾语从句；主句主干“elimination would ensure that...”是“主-谓-宾”结构；从句主干“the amount would have the value...”是“主-谓-宾”结构；as引导特殊的定语从句，掌握the same... as...；注意过去分词used...和borrowed作定语，相当于被动语态的定语从句，可分别改为“that is used in repaying a loan”和“that was borrowed”。）
35. Futurism an early twentieth-century movement in art rejected all traditions and attempted to glorify contemporary life by emphasizing the machine and motion.
（并列句，一个主语两个谓语；两个分句共用一个主语，都是“主谓宾”结构，主干分别是“futurism rejected traditions”和“futurism attempted to glorify...”；to glorify...by...是不定式短语作attempted的宾语；by emphasizing the machine and motion是介词短语作to glorify的状语；两个逗号之间是同位语，加上which was即可改为非限制性定语从句。）
学会从长句中提取基本句型结构
36. One of the wildest and most inaccessible parts of the United States is the Everglades where wildlife is abundant and largely protected.
（主从复合句，含有where引导的定语从句。）
37. Lucretia Mott's influence was so significant that she has been credited by some authorities as the originator of feminism in the United States.
（主从复合句，含有so...that引导的结果状语从句；建议把so...that...“如此……以致于……”当作句型来记；主句是“主系表”结构，从句是被动语态，“主谓”结构，by介词短语和as短语都是状语，of和in介词短语作后置定语。）
38. The activities of the international marketing researcher are frequently much broader than those of the domestic marketer.
（主从复合句，含有than引导的比较状语从句，从句省略了谓语部分“are broad”；of介词短语作后置定语；those代替前面出现过的复数名词activities，是英语里避免重复的习惯用法。）
39. The continental divide refers to an imaginary line in the North American Rockies that divide the waters flowing into the Atlantic Ocean from those flowing into the Pacific.
（主从复合句，含有that引导的定语从句，先行词是line，in the North American Rockies是介词短语作定语，作定语的短语位置应在定语从句之前；主句主干“divide refers to a line” 是“主谓宾”结构，从句主干“that divide the waters from...”也是“主谓宾”结构；those指代前面出现过的复数名词waters。）
40. Studies of the gravity field of the Earth indicate that its crust and mantle yield when unusual weight is placed on them.
（主从复合句，含有that引导的宾语从句和when引导的时间状语从句；两个of介词短语均作后置定语；主句的主干“Studies indicate that...”是“主谓宾”结构；宾语从句的主干“crust and mantle yield”是“主谓”结构；时间状语从句的主干“weight is placed on...”是“主－谓－主补”结构；them 指代的是 the earth's crust and mantle。）
41. The annual worth of Utah's manufacturing is greater than that of its mining and farming combined.
（复合句，含有than引导的比较状语从句；that指代前面出现过的不可数名词worth。）
42. The wallflower is so called because its weak stems often grow on walls and along stony cliffs for support.
（复合句，含有because引导的原因状语从句；on along for介词短语均作状语。）
43. It is the interaction between people rather than the events that occur in their lives that is the main focus of social psychology.
（强调句型“It is... that/who...”，强调句子主语interaction；两个逗号之间是rather than表示舍弃/否定的短语；“主-系-表”结构，名词作表语。非强调表述法：The interaction between people is the main focus of social psychology.）
44. No social crusade aroused Elisabeth William's enthusiasm more than the expansion of educational facilities for immigrants to the United States.
（用比较级表达最高级含义；“no... more than” 句型；含有than引导的比较状语从句；of for to介词短语均作后置定语，被限定的名词分别是expansion facilities immigrants。）
45. Quails typically have short rounded wings that enable them to spring into full flight instantly when disturbed in their hiding places.
（复合句，含有that引导的定语从句；主句是“主-谓-宾”结构；从句是“主-谓宾-补”结构，to spring...不定式短语作宾补；when disturbed...是带有连词的过去分词短语，相当于被动语态的时间状语从句“when they are disturbed in their hiding places”。）
46. According to anthropologists the earliest ancestors of humans that stood upright resembled chimpanzees facially with sloping foreheads and protruding brows.
（复合句，含有that引导的定语从句“that stood upright”，先行词是ancestors，of humans是介词短语作定语；主句主干\resembled chimpanzees\是“主-谓-宾”结构；with介词短语作状语，sloping和protruding都是现在分词作定语。）
47. Not until 1866 was the fully successful transatlantic cable finally laid.
（Not until置于句首的倒装句，起强调时间状语not until...的作用，请注意必须是主句“部分倒装”；本句是简单句，正常语序应为“The fully successful transatlantic cable was not finally laid until 1866.”）
48. In his writing John Crowe Ransom describes what he considers the spiritual barrenness of society brought about by science and technology.
（复合句，含有what引导的宾语从句，其中barrenness在从句中作宾补；brought about by... 是过去分词短语作后置定语，相当于被动语态的定语从句“that has been brought about by science and technology”，先行词是barrenness，of society是介词短语作后置定语；in his writing是介词短语作状语。）
49. Children with parents whose guidance is firm consistent and rational are inclined to possess high levels of self-confidence.
（复合句，含有whose引导的定语从句，先行词是parents；主句和从句都是“主-系-表”结构。）
50. The ancient Hopewell people of North America probably cultivated corn and other crops but hunting and gathering were still of critical importance in their economy.
（由but连接的并列句，第一分句的主干“people cultivated corn and other crops”是“主谓宾”结构；第二分句的主干“hunting and gathering were of importance”是“主系表”结构，“of 抽象名词”是介词短语作表语，相当于一个形容词：be of critical importance = be critically importance）
51. Using many symbols makes it possible to put a large amount of information on a single map.
（简单句，“主-谓-宾-补”结构，it作形式宾语，真正的宾语是to put...不定式短语；using...是动名词短语作主语。）
52. Anarchism is a term describing a cluster of doctrines and attitudes whose principal uniting feature is the belief that government is both harmful and unnecessary.
（复合句，含有whose引导的定语从句和that引导的同位语从句；describing...是现在分词短语作后置定语，改为“that describes...”则变成一个主动语态的定语从句；定语从句的先行词是doctrines and attitudes；主句和从句都是“主-系-表”结构，主句主干是“Anarchism is a term”，定语从句的主干是“feature is the belief”，同位语从句的主干是“government is both harmful and unnecessary”。）
53. Probably no man had more effect on the daily lives of most people in the United States than did Henry Ford a pioneer in automobile production.
（“no...more than”句型，以比较级的形式表示最高级的含义；复合句，注意比较状语从句里的技术性倒装，原因是主语后面跟有一个名词短语作同位语；重要搭配：have effect on...。）
54. The use of well-chosen nonsense words makes possible the testing of many basic hypotheses in the field oflanguage learning.
（简单句，“主-谓-宾-补”结构----possbile形容词作宾补；主干是“use makes testing possible”；句子将宾补提前到宾语之前，原因是宾语部分比较长----带有of介词短语作定语；of of in of介词短语均作定语。）
55. The history of painting is a fascinating chain of events that probably began with the very first pictures ever made.
（复合句，含有that引导的定语从句；主句主干“The history is a chain of events”是“主系表”结构；定语从句所修饰的先行词是events，从句是“主谓”结构，with介词短语作状语；of painting是介词短语作定语；fascinating是现在分词活用作形容词，作定语；ever made是过去分词短语作定语，相当于被动语态的定语从句“that have ever been made”。）
学会从长句中提取基本句型结构
56. Perfectly matched pearls strung into a necklace bring a far higher price than the same pearls sold individually.
（复合句，含有than引导的比较状语从句----从句省略了谓语部分“would bring”；strung into a necklece是过去分词短语，相当于定语从句“that/which have been strung into a necklace”；sold individually是过去分词短语作定语，相当于“that were sold individually”。主句主干是“pearls bring a price”，“主-谓-宾”结构。）
57. During the eighteenth century Little Turtle was chief of the Miami tribe whose territory became what is now Indiana and Ohio.
（复合句，含有whose引导的定语从句---先行词是tribe---和what引导的表语从句；主句和两个从句都是“主-系-表”结构，主干分别是“Little Turtle was chief”、“territory became ...”、“what is Indiana and Ohio”；during介词短语作时间状语，of介词短语作后置定语----短语作定语时都必须后置。）
58. Among almost seven hundred species of bamboo some are fully grown at less than a foot high while others can grow three feet in twenty-four hours.
（while连接的并列句，among介词短语置于句首起强调作用---请参看第2句；第一分句是主系表”结构，grown过去分词作表语；第二分句是“主谓”结构---grow是不介物动词，three feet是名词短语作状语；at和in介词短语都作状语；while连接两个分句时有比较、对照的含义。）
59. Before starting on a sea voyage prudent navigators learn the sea charts study the sailing directions and memorize lighthouse locations to prepare themselves for any conditions they might encounter.
（并列句 复合句，含有定语从句，先行词是conditions；learn study memorize三个谓语动词并列，共用一个主语navigators；to prepare...不定式短语作目的状语；before starting...现在分词短语作时间状语；prepare...for...是一个很重要的句型。）
60. Of all the economically important plants palms have been the least studied.
（简单句，现在完成时，被动语态；of介词短语置于句首，相对独立，起强调作用。请参见第2句，理解并熟读后模仿造句。）
61. Buyers and sellers should be aware (that) new development in technology can and does affect marketing activities.
（主从复合句，主句是“主-系-表”结构，由that引导的从句是一种特殊的状语从句；建议把“be aware that...”当作句型来记；does affect 是affect的强调形式---原形谓语动词前加do/does/did是强调谓语的最常见方式；marketing是动名词作定语；in technology是介词短语作后置定语。）
62. The application of electronic controls made possible by the microprocessor and computer storage has multiplied the uses of the modern typewriter.
（简单句，主干\是“主-谓-宾”结构；两个of介词短语均作后置定语；\possible by... and...\是过去分词短语作后置定语，相当于被动语态的定语从句\has been made possible by the microprocessor and computer storage\，注意：先行词是application；定语从句中的possible是形容词作主语补足语。）
63. The human skeleton consists of more than two hundred bones bound together by tough and relatively inelastic connective tissues called ligaments.
（简单句，“主谓宾”结构，谓语consist of是固定搭配，常见的同义表达法有：be made up of be composed of etc. 此句值得注意的是过去分词作后置定语：bound together by... 可改为定语从句\are bound by tough and relatively inelastic connective tissues\；called ligaments 可改为定语从句\；inelastic与elastic互为反义词，in-是常见的否定意义前缀，有im- il- ir-等几种变体。）
64. The pigmentation of a pearl is influenced by the type of oyster in which it develops and by the depth temperature and the salt content of the water in which the oyster lives.
（主从复合句，包含两个由in which引导的定语从句，先行词分别为oyster和water；主句是被动语态；of the water...是介词短语作depth temperature salt content的定语；it指代的是a pearl。）
65. Although mockingbirds superbly mimic the songs and calls of many birds they can nonetheless be quickly identified as mockingbirds by certain aural clues.
（主从复合句，含有由although引导的让步状语从句，“主谓宾”结构；主句是被动语态，as...和by...均作状语。）
66. Not only can walking fish live out of water but they can also travel short distances over land.
（并列句，not only... but also... 的典型例证，只需注意not only置于句首时的部分倒装
67. Scientists do not know why dinosaurs became extinct but some theories postulate that changes in geography climate and sea levels were responsible.
（并列 复合句，but是并列连词；含有两个宾语从句，分别由why和that引导，均为“主-系-表”结构；in geography climate and sea levels是介词短语作后置定语。）
68. The science of horticulture in which the primary concerns are maximum yield and superior quality utilizes information derived from other sciences.
（主从复合句，含有一个由in which引导的、“主系表”结构的、非限制性定语从句；science和horticulture是“同位关系”；derived from other sciences是过去分词短语作后置定语，相当于被动语态的定语从句\is/has been derived from other sciences\。）
69. Snow aids farmers by keeping heat in the lower ground levels thereby saving the seeds from freezing.
（简单句，“主谓宾”结构，by介词短语作状语，其中含有动名词短语keeping...in...---- in介词短语作“宾语补足语”；saving...是现在分词短语作伴随状语。）
70. Even though the precise qualities of hero in literary works may vary over time the basic exemplary function of the hero seems to remain constant.
（主从复合句，含有even though引导的让步状语从句，“主-谓”结构，of、in等介词短语均作定语；主句为“主-系-表”结构。）
学会从长句中提取基本句型结构
71. People in prehistoric times created paints by grinding materials such as plants and clay into powder and then adding water.
（简单句，“主谓宾”结构，by 动名词短语作状语，grinding和adding并列；in介词短语作定语。）
72. Often very annoying weeds goldenrods crowd out less hardy plants and act as hosts to many insect pests.
（并列句，两个分句共用一个主语goldenrods；逗号前面的部分是一个相对独立的名词性短语，属附加成分；annoying是现在分词活用作形容词，与intereting disappointing embarrassing exciting beguiling相仿。）
73. Starting around 7000 BC and for the next four thousand years much of the Northern Hemisphere experienced temperatures warmer than at present.
（主从复合句，主干是“主谓宾”结构；含有一个省略的比较状语从句---该从句是形容词短语warmer than at present的一部分，该短语作后置定语，相当于一个“主系表”结构的定语从句，可改写为“(temperatures) that were warmer than (temperatures are) at present”；starting...是现在分词短语作时间状语；for... 是介词短语作时间状语。）
74. When Henry Ford first sought financial backing for making cars the very notion of farmers and clerks owning automobiles was considered ridiculous.
（主从复合句，含有一个when引导的时间状语从句---“主谓宾”结构；主句是被动语态---“主-谓-主补”结构；of介词短语作后置定语，ridiculous作主语补足语；\是强调表示法，语序不可换，定冠词也不可省略。）
75. Though once quite large the population of the bald eagle across North America has drastically declined in the past forty years.
（简单句，主干“population has declined”是“主-谓”结构，of介词短语作后置定语，in介词短语作时间状语；though once quite large是一个作状语的形容词短语，是由让步状语从句\省略而来---it指代的是句子主语population。）
76. The beaver chews down trees to get food and material with which to build its home.
（简单句，“主谓宾”结构，to get...不定式短语作目的状语；with which to build its home是特殊的不定式短语作定语，相当于定语从句\先行词是material。）
77. Poodles were once used as retrievers in duck hunting but the American Kennel Club does not consider them sporting dogs because they are now primarily kept as pets.
（并列-复合句，but是并列连词，连接两个并列分句，前一个分句显然是被动语态简单句，后一个分句则是主从复合句---含有一个由because引导的原因状语从句；主句是“主-谓-宾-宾补”结构，从句是被动语态。）
78. As a result of what is now known in physics and chemistry scientists have been able to make important discoveries in biology and medicine.
（主从复合句，含有一个what引导的宾语从句---介词宾语；as a result of...是很实用的短语介词，意为“由于/因为”；主句是“主-谓-宾”结构---把be able to视为谓语的一部分。）
79. The practice of making excellent films based on rather obscure novels has been going on so long in the United States as to constitute a tradition.
（精品简单句 主干“the practice has been going on”是“主谓”结构；of介词短语作后置定语，其中含有一个“动-宾-后定”结构的动名词短语，过去分词短语based on...相当于定语从句\are based on rather obscure novels\；so... as to... 是不定式短语作结果状语的典型句式，意为“如此……以致于”，相当于结果状语从句\。）
80. Since the consumer considers the best fruit to be the most attractive the grower must provide products that satisfy the discerning eye.
（主从复合句，since引导原因状语从句---“主-谓-宾-补”结构，其中to be the most attractive是不定式短语作宾语补足语；that引导定语从句；discerning是现在分词活用作形容词，作定语。）
学会从长句中提取基本句型结构
81. Television the most pervasive and persuasive of modern technologies marked by rapid change and growth is moving into a new era an era of extraordinary sophistication and versatility which promises to reshape our lives and our world.
（主从复合句，含有which引导的非限制性定语从句---先行词是era，其中to reshape...是不定式短语作宾语；the most... technologies是名词性插入语，相当于非限制性定语从句\；marked by...是过去分词短语作插入语，相当于非限制性定语从句\；an era of...是名词性短语作同位语，其中of...介词短语作后置定语。）
82. Television is more than just electronics; it is a means of expression as well as a vehicle for communication and as such becomes a powerful tool for reaching other human beings.
（并列句，分号是并列标志，and是并列连词；三个分句都是“主-系-表”结构。）
83. Even more shocking is the fact that the number and rate of imprisonment have more than doubled over the past twenty years and recidivism -- that is the rate of rearrest -- is more than 60 percent.
（主从复合句，主句倒装。破折号之前的是插入语；主句主语fact后跟有that引导的同位语从句---该从句又是一个由and连接的并列句：第一分句的主干\是“主-谓”结构；第二分句\是“主-系-表”结构。）
84. His teaching began at the Massachusetts Institute of Technology but William Rainey Harper lured him to the new University of Chicago where he remained officially for exactly a generation and where his students in advanced composition found him terrifyingly frigid in the classroom but sympathetic and understanding in their personal conferences.
（并列-复合句，but是并列连词；第一分句是“主谓”结构，MIT是世界闻名的“麻省理工学院”；第二分句中含有两个由where引导的非限制性定语从句，先行词是“芝加哥大学”，主句是“主-谓-宾-补”结构，第一个从句是“主-谓”结构，第二个从句是“主-谓-宾-补”结构；at for in等介词短语作状语；to介词短语作宾补；of technology of Chicago in advanced composition都是介词短语作后置定语；特别值得注意和学习的是：\sb./sth. adj.\句型---“动-宾-补”结构。）
85. The sloth pays such little attention to its personal hygiene that green algae grow on its coarse hair and communities of a parasitic moth live in the depths of its coat producing caterpillars which graze on its mouldy hair.
（精品难句，并列-复合句，含有两个从句，一个是(such...)that引导的结果状语从句---这个从句是一个并列句，and连接了两个“主-谓”结构的分句；另一个是which引导的定语从句---先行词是caterpillars；producing...是现在分词作伴随状语。）
86. Artificial flowers are used for scientific as well as for decorative purposes.
（简单句，“主-谓(-状)”结构，被动语态。）
87. Three years of research at an abandoned coal mine in Argonne Illinois have resulted in findings that scientists believe can help reclaim thousands of mine disposal sites that scar the coal-rich regions of the Untied States.
（主从复合句，主句是“主谓”结构，\意为“导致/造成”；含有两个由that引导的定语从句---第一个定语从句所修饰的先行词是findings，“主谓宾”结构，\是插入语，reclaim...是省略to的动词不定式短语作help的宾语；第二个定语从句的先行词是sites，“主谓宾”结构。）
88. When the persuading and the planning for the western railroads had finally been completed the really challenging task remained: the dangerous sweaty backbreaking brawling business of actually building the lines.
（主从复合句，含有一个由when引导的时间状语从句，过去完成时，被动语态，for介词短语作定语；主句是“主谓”结构，冒号/破折号起解释作用，后面是一个名词性短语，中心词是business，前后都是定语。）
89. Because of the space crunch the Art Museum has become increasingly cautious in considering acquisitions and donations of art in some cases passing up opportunities to strengthen its collections.
（精品简单句，主干\是“主-系-表”结构；because of in介词短语短语作状语；in some cases = sometimes；passing up...是现在分词短语作伴随状语；to strengthen its collections是动词不一定式短语作目的状语。）
90. The United States Constitution requires that President be a natural-born citizen thirty-five years of age or older who has lived in the Untied States for a minimum of fourteen years.
（精品复合句，主句主干\显然是“主-谓-宾”结构；that引导虚拟语气的宾语从句---由require决定，其宾语从句必须用“should 动词原形”的虚拟语气，但should常常省略，此例如果不省略，就将should置于be之前；两个逗号之间的部分是插入语，\；who引导一个非限制性定语从句，注意完成时与for介词短语时间状语的搭配，先行词是citizen。）
本文由环球教育内蒙古学校老师整理编辑，如有不妥，请及时指出。有任何建议，欢迎大家在评论区留言！
想要了解更多有关雅思、托福干货资料？欢迎继续关注环球教育内蒙古学校~~~
