中考英语常用词汇(中考英语核心词汇详解)
中考英语常用词汇(中考英语核心词汇详解)他跑到司机那儿,冲他大叫大嚷起来。He ran up to the driver and began to shout at him.shout to sb.对某人大喊大叫(仅描述大声叫喊这一动作,不带感情色彩);试比较:I can hear you clearly. There is no need for you to shout to me.我听得很清楚,你不必大声叫喊。
shout v.&n. 喊,高声呼叫
用法小结:
动词用法:表示“大声说,喊叫,呼喊”,
shout at sb.对某人怒吼(带有愤怒感情色彩);
shout to sb.对某人大喊大叫(仅描述大声叫喊这一动作,不带感情色彩);试比较:
I can hear you clearly. There is no need for you to shout to me.
我听得很清楚,你不必大声叫喊。
He ran up to the driver and began to shout at him.
他跑到司机那儿,冲他大叫大嚷起来。
名词用法:表示“(生气、疼痛、兴奋等的)喊叫(声),呼叫(声)”,可以和介词of连用。例如:
Tom gave a shout of laughter when he saw them.
汤姆看见他们,发出一声大笑。
(2019,山东卷,短文填空)
"Fairy "he shouted "take away this 47 (terrible)gift! Give me back my little gal!"
show
n. 表演;展示;展览(会);显示;
v. 给……看;出示;显示
词形变化:
过去式showed,过去分词shown/showed
名词词组:
on show在展出;
talk show脱口秀;
talent show才艺表演会;
TV show电视节目
动词词组:
show up露面;
show off炫耀;
show oneself露面;
show sb. around(sth.)带某人参观/四处看看
1.名词用法:
①表示“娱乐表演,演出”,或“(电视、广播的)节目”。例如:put on a show上演节目
②表示“展览(会)”:
an agricultural show 农业展览会
2.动词用法:
①表示“给……看,出示”,及物动词,
show sth. to sb.=show sb. sth.。例如:
The children proudly showed me their gifts (=showed their gifts to me).
孩子们自豪地给我看他们的礼物。
②表示“指出,指给某人看”,可用于
show sb. sth.或show sb.wh-从句。例如:
Show me which picture you drew.
指给我看哪张画是你画的。
③表示“(提供事实,信息)表明,证明”,及物动词,可直接跟宾语,可跟双宾语,可接从句。例如:
Numbers showed a 9% increase in the price.
数据显示价格上升了9%。
Research has shown us that people want not just low prices.
研究告诉我们,人们需要的不仅仅是低价格。
④表示“(通过示范)教,演示;解说”,可用
show sth.to sb.=show sb. sth.或
show sb. wh-从句结构。例如:
Can you show me how to do it?
你能教我怎么做吗?
(2019,山东卷,单项填空)
20. A recent survey shows that 44 percent of Americans want to use self-driving cars _________ 34 percent believe that they will make the roads more dangerous.
A. although B.because C. if
(2019,山东卷,阅读A) Listening to music or watching a TV show at loud volumes can harm your hearing.
shut v. 关上;封闭
词形变化:过去式shut,过去分词shut
关联词组:
shut down停工,关闭;
shut up住口;
shut off切断,关掉;
shut out关在外面
①表示“(使)关上,(使)关闭”,可及物可不及物,常见于shut(sth.) behind sb.结构。例如:
She walked quickly in and shut the door behind her.
她快步走进来,随手关上身后的门。
②表示“(使)关门,停止营业”,可指暂时性或永久地关门。例如:
The post office shuts at 5 o’clock.
邮局五点钟关门。
He lost his job when they shut the factory.
他们把工厂关闭后,他失去了工作。
近义词:close v.关闭
(2019,浙江卷,阅读C) Most likely these plants shut their flowers because there is too little light.
sick
adj. 有病的,患病的;(想)呕吐的
get sick生病了;
sick leave病假;
sick pay病假工资;
be sick of对……感到厌恶
①表示“生病的,患病的”,可做表语,可做定语;
sick with得了……病。例如:
a sick child 生病的孩子;
a sick animal 患病的动物
I have been sick with flu. 我感冒了。
He saved the child from fire.
他把那个小孩从火里救了出来。
②be sick或feel sick表示“想呕吐”,“反胃,恶心,作呕”。例如:
As soon as the ship started moving I began to feel sick.
轮船一开动,我就感到恶心了。
词性转换:sickness n.疾病;呕吐
同义词:ill adj.生病的
(2019,浙江卷,阅读D) Some hospitals use big data to predict if a baby who is born too early will get sick
sight n. 情景;风景;视力
at first sight咋一看,初看之下;
out of sight看不见,在视野之外;
lose one’s sight失明;
at the sight of一看见……就;
catch sight of看到,瞥见
①表示“视力,视觉”,例如:
Anne’s sight is very good for someone of her age.
安妮的视力对于她这个年龄的人来说算是非常好的。
②表示“看到,看见”,指看见的动作,多以单数形式出现,常与of连用。例如:
Just the sight of him made her body shake.
一看到他,她就身体颤抖。
③表示“景物,景象;名胜,景点”,指所见之物。例如:
As he reached the front door he saw astrange sight.
他走到前门,看到了一个奇怪的景象。
词性转换:
sighted adj.有视力的;
sightless adj.盲的,看不见的
关联单词:
sightseeing n.观光,游览:
go sightseeing去观光
(2019,浙江卷,完形)
Instead of resting her ___3___ until it got better Mrs. Chaplin kept on singing.
3.A. sight B. voice
C.smell D. hearing
silent adj. 无声的;沉默的
①指不说话,可以表示“沉默的,不语的”;
remain/stay/keep silent保持沉默;
也可以形容“沉默寡言的”性格类型。例如:
He's the silent type.
他是那种沉默寡言的人。
②表示“寂静的,无声的”。例如:
The large house was old and silent.
这幢大房子既老旧又寂静。
silence n.安静;沉默;
silently adv.安静地同义词:
quiet adj.安静地
(2019,浙江卷,完形) I listened silently ."She's such a loser " one girl said.
similar
adj. 相似的,近似的,类似的;像
be similar to=be like与……相似;
be similar in在……方面相似。例如:
Her ideas are quite similar to mine.
她的观点和我的很相似。
The two cars are very similar in size and color.
这两辆汽车大小和颜色都非常相似。
近义词:
alike adj.很相似的,相像的:尤指外表或者行为上面特别像;
look alike看起来像。例如:
She and her sister look alike.
她和她妹妹长得很像。
反义词:different adj.不同的
(2019,浙江卷,阅读B) Trampolining has benefits similar to those of running but without too much stress on knees and ankles.
simple adj. 简单的,简易的
①表示“简单的,简易的;容易的”,与困难、复杂相对;
simple touse/make/operate使用/制作/操作起来简单。例如:
Modern cameras are very simple to use.
现代照相机用起来非常简单。
②表示“简朴的,朴素的”。例如:
simple but delicious food 简单美味的食物
simply adj.简单地;简直;朴素地;
simplicity n.简单;朴素;天真
easy adj.简单的,容易的;
plain adj.家常的,普通的
反义词:difficult adj.困难的
(2019,江苏卷,完形) The Hill sisters who devoted their lives to educating children could never imagine that the simple little song would continue to earn about $ 2 million every year.
single adj. 单一的,单个的;单身的
single room单人房;
single bed单人床
①表示“仅有一个的,单一的,单个的”,仅用于名词前。例如:
I couldn't understand a single word she said!
她讲的东西我一个字都听不懂!
②表示“未婚的,单身的”。例如:
Are you still single?
你还是单身吗?
反义词:married adj.已婚的
(2019,安徽卷,单项填空)
7.—Hello Beijing Hotel. Can I help you?
—Yes I'd like to_____ a single room for two nights.
A. enter B.move
C.book D.provide
situation
n. 形式,情况,状况,局面
用法小结→关联词组:
present situation现状;
general situation概况;
economic situation经济形势,经济状况;
international situation国际形势;
political situation政治局势
用法:ina… situation处于……局面/情况。例如:
We have all been in similar situations.
我们都遇到过类似的局面。
___2___ their economic(经济的) situation changed when she became ill with laryng it is(喉炎) in 1894.
2. A. Although B. So
C.However D. Besides
skill n. 技能,技巧
communication skill沟通技巧;
writing skill书写技能;
social skill社交能力
用法:尤指通过学习和实践获得的技艺,相当于ability;
skill in/at (doing sht.)表示某方面的技能。例如;
His skill at dealing with people got him a nice job.
因为擅长与人打交道,他得到了一份好工作。
skilled adj.熟练的;有技能的;
skillful(ly) adj.熟练的,巧妙的;
skillfulness n.灵巧,有技巧
A break between classes is a good time for students to play sports and talkwith their classmates. So it _________helps with students' health _________improves their social skills
A.either; or
B. neither; nor
C.not only; but also