ssm框架的搭建(最简洁详细的SSM框架整合)
ssm框架的搭建(最简洁详细的SSM框架整合)首先,我们先配置mybatis框架。整合思路在pom.xml文件中配置需要的依赖,整个项目的依赖都如下所示。<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?> <project xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 http://maven.apache.org/xsd/maven-4.0.0.xsd"> <modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion>
创建项目和SSM框架整合思路一、创建项目因为后面会配置springMVC,所以用IDEA的web骨架创建一个maven项目。
创建项目目录如下,同时,项目需要的包和文件已手动创建好了:
项目目录
上图中,application.xml为spring配置文件,log4j为日志配置文件,springMVC.xml为springMVC配置文件
在pom.xml文件中配置需要的依赖,整个项目的依赖都如下所示。
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<project xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 http://maven.apache.org/xsd/maven-4.0.0.xsd">
<modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion>
<groupId>com.hust.demo-ssm</groupId>
<artifactId>demo</artifactId>
<version>1.0-SNAPSHOT</version>
<packaging>war</packaging>
<name>demo Maven Webapp</name>
<!-- FIXME change it to the project's website -->
<url>http://www.example.com</url>
<properties>
<project.build.sourceEncoding>UTF-8</project.build.sourceEncoding>
<maven.compiler.source>1.8</maven.compiler.source>
<maven.compiler.target>1.8</maven.compiler.target>
<spring.version>5.0.2.RELEASE</spring.version>
<slf4j.version>1.6.6</slf4j.version>
<log4j.version>1.2.12</log4j.version>
<mysql.version>5.1.6</mysql.version>
<mybatis.version>3.4.5</mybatis.version>
</properties>
<dependencies>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.aspectj</groupId>
<artifactId>aspectjweaver</artifactId>
<version>1.6.8</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-aop</artifactId>
<version>${spring.version}</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-context</artifactId>
<version>${spring.version}</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-web</artifactId>
<version>${spring.version}</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-webmvc</artifactId>
<version>${spring.version}</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-test</artifactId>
<version>${spring.version}</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-tx</artifactId>
<version>${spring.version}</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-jdbc</artifactId>
<version>${spring.version}</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>junit</groupId>
<artifactId>junit</artifactId>
<version>4.12</version>
<scope>compile</scope>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>mysql</groupId>
<artifactId>mysql-connector-java</artifactId>
<version>${mysql.version}</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>javax.servlet</groupId>
<artifactId>servlet-api</artifactId>
<version>2.5</version>
<scope>provided</scope>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>javax.servlet.jsp</groupId>
<artifactId>jsp-api</artifactId>
<version>2.0</version>
<scope>provided</scope>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>jstl</groupId>
<artifactId>jstl</artifactId>
<version>1.2</version>
</dependency>
<!-- log start -->
<dependency>
<groupId>log4j</groupId>
<artifactId>log4j</artifactId>
<version>${log4j.version}</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.slf4j</groupId>
<artifactId>slf4j-api</artifactId>
<version>${slf4j.version}</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.slf4j</groupId>
<artifactId>slf4j-log4j12</artifactId>
<version>${slf4j.version}</version>
</dependency>
<!-- log end -->
<dependency>
<groupId>org.mybatis</groupId>
<artifactId>mybatis</artifactId>
<version>${mybatis.version}</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.mybatis</groupId>
<artifactId>mybatis-spring</artifactId>
<version>1.3.0</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>c3p0</groupId>
<artifactId>c3p0</artifactId>
<version>0.9.1.2</version>
<type>jar</type>
<scope>compile</scope>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>com.fasterxml.jackson.core</groupId>
<artifactId>jackson-databind</artifactId>
<version>2.9.0</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>com.fasterxml.jackson.core</groupId>
<artifactId>jackson-core</artifactId>
<version>2.9.0</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>com.fasterxml.jackson.core</groupId>
<artifactId>jackson-annotations</artifactId>
<version>2.9.0</version>
</dependency>
</dependencies>
<build>
<finalName>demo</finalName>
<pluginManagement><!-- lock down plugins versions to avoid using Maven defaults (may be moved to parent pom) -->
<plugins>
<plugin>
<artifactId>maven-clean-plugin</artifactId>
<version>3.1.0</version>
</plugin>
<!-- see http://maven.apache.org/ref/current/maven-core/default-bindings.html#Plugin_bindings_for_war_packaging -->
<plugin>
<artifactId>maven-resources-plugin</artifactId>
<version>3.0.2</version>
</plugin>
<plugin>
<artifactId>maven-compiler-plugin</artifactId>
<version>3.8.0</version>
</plugin>
<plugin>
<artifactId>maven-surefire-plugin</artifactId>
<version>2.22.1</version>
</plugin>
<plugin>
<artifactId>maven-war-plugin</artifactId>
<version>3.2.2</version>
</plugin>
<plugin>
<artifactId>maven-install-plugin</artifactId>
<version>2.5.2</version>
</plugin>
<plugin>
<artifactId>maven-deploy-plugin</artifactId>
<version>2.8.2</version>
</plugin>
</plugins>
</pluginManagement>
</build>
</project>
那么此时,项目的骨架搭建完毕,项目的依赖也已经导入,接着介绍一下整合思路。
二、SSM整合思路 从目的上说,整合之后,service层要能够通过依赖注入调用dao层的方法,controller层要通过依赖注入调用service层方法。所以,整合的基本思路是用spring来整合mybatis和springMVC。
整合思路
Mybatis配置首先,我们先配置mybatis框架。
一、创建数据库demo_ssm并且创建account表sql语句如下:
CREATE DATABASE `demo_ssm`;
USE `demo_ssm`;
DROP TABLE IF EXISTS `account`;
CREATE TABLE `account`(
`id` INT(11) NOT NULL AUTO_INCREMENT
`name` VARCHAR(32)
`money` DOUBLE
PRIMARY KEY(`id`)
)ENGINE=INNODB DEFAULT CHARSET=utf8;
INSERT INTO `account`(`name` `money`) VALUES('赵敏' 99999.99) ('张无忌' 11111.1) ('木婉清' 22222.22);
二、创建一个账户实体类:
public class Account implements Serializable {
private Integer id;
private String name;
private Double money;
//getter and setter
//toString
}
三、用注解的方式开发持久层接口
package com.hust.dao;
public interface IAccountDao {
@Select("select * from account")
public List<Account> findAllAccount();
}
到这里Mybatis就配置完毕了,此时还没有配置数据源,我们等到整合Spring的时候去配置以及测试。
Spring配置及整合Mybatis一、Spring配置此时applicationContext.xml文件配置:
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans" xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context"
xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans.xsd
http://www.springframework.org/schema/context http://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context.xsd">
<!-- 配置扫描-->
<context:component-scan base-package="com.hust">
<context:exclude-filter type="annotation" expression="org.springframework.stereotype.Controller"/>
</context:component-scan>
</beans>
注意点:
自动装配需要扫描包中的注解,因此要配置开启注解扫描。其中有两种开启注解扫描的方式,即<context:annotation-config/>和<context:component-scan>。两者异同点如下:
<context:annotation-config>:注解扫描是针对已经在Spring容器里注册过的Bean
<context:component-scan>:不仅具备<context:annotation-config>的所有功能,还可以在指定的package下面扫描对应的bean
二、Spring整合Mybatis思路分析: Mybatis框架可以自动生成一个代理对象,因此持久层,我们只写了一个接口和注解,具体的实现类是由框架帮我们去完成的,对数据库的CRUD也是通过这个代理对象实现。所以,只要我们能够把生成的代理对象存入容器中,让Spring框架来控制,那么整合就成功了。
另一个关键点是,Mybatis框架是利用SqlSessionFactory工厂实例来创建SqlSession实例,通过SqlSession实例,我们就可以对数据库进行操作了。
简而言之,Spring整合Mybatis的关键就是让容器能够控制SqlSessionFactoryBean类。
具体配置具体配置分三部分:
1.配置连接池 2.配置sqlSession工厂类 3.配置扫描包的扫描器
所以配置如下:
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans" xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context"
xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans.xsd
http://www.springframework.org/schema/context http://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context.xsd">
<!-- 配置扫描-->
<context:component-scan base-package="com.hust">
</context:component-scan>
<!-- 配置数据源-->
<bean id="dataSource" class="com.mchange.v2.c3p0.ComboPooledDataSource">
<property name="driverClass" value="com.mysql.jdbc.Driver"/>
<property name="jdbcUrl" value="jdbc:mysql:///demo_ssm"/>
<property name="user" value="root"/>
<property name="password" value="root"/>
</bean>
<!-- 配置SqlSession的工厂-->
<bean id="sqlSessionFactory" class="org.mybatis.spring.SqlSessionFactoryBean">
<property name="dataSource" ref="dataSource"/>
</bean>
<!-- 配置扫描的包 -->
<bean id="mapperScanner" class="org.mybatis.spring.mapper.MapperScannerConfigurer">
<property name="basePackage" value="com.hust.dao"/>
</bean>
</beans>
通过这样配置以后,Spring容器就能创建sqlSession工厂类了。那么给IAccountDao增加@Repository注解,那么AccountDao接口的代理对象就能通过容器管理,整合完成。下面用测试类测试一下:
@RunWith(SpringJUnit4ClassRunner.class)
@ContextConfiguration(locations = {"classpath:applicationContext.xml"})
public class SpringTest {
@Autowired
private IAccountDao accountDao;
@Test
public void testSpring(){
List<Account> accounts = accountDao.findAllAccount();
for (Account account:accounts
) {
System.out.println(account);
}
}
}
结果如下:
Account{id=1 name='赵敏' money=99999.99}
Account{id=2 name='张无忌' money=11111.1}
Account{id=3 name='木婉清' money=22222.22}
所有账户都被成功的查询了出来,说明能够通过容器实现依赖注入,这表明spring和mybatis都配置成功,
并且整合成功。
PS:这里Spring使用了@RunWith和@ContextConfiguration整合了junit
springMVC配置1.配置web.xml SpringMVC框架是围绕 DispatcherServlet 设计的,DispatcherServlet 用来处理所有的 HTTP 请求和响应。所以我们需要配置web.xml文件,来映射想让 DispatcherServlet 处理的请求。
<servlet>
<servlet-name>demo</servlet-name>
<servlet-class>org.springframework.web.servlet.DispatcherServlet</servlet-class>
<init-param>
<param-name>contextConfigLocation</param-name>
<param-value>classpath:springMVC.xml</param-value>
</init-param>
<load-on-startup>1</load-on-startup>
</servlet>
<servlet-mapping>
<servlet-name>demo</servlet-name>
<url-pattern>/</url-pattern>
</servlet-mapping>
显然要配置servlet,以及servlet映射。
<init-param>配置让我们初始化时加载servlet配置文件。
2.配置springMVC.xml<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
xmlns:mvc="http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc"
xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context"
xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans
http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans.xsd
http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc
http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc/spring-mvc.xsd
http://www.springframework.org/schema/context
http://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context.xsd">
<!-- 配置创建 springMVC要扫描的包 -->
<context:component-scan base-package="com.hust">
<context:include-filter type="annotation" expression="org.springframework.stereotype.Controller"/>
</context:component-scan>
<bean id="internalResourceViewResolver" class="org.springframework.web.servlet.view.InternalResourceViewResolver">
<property name="prefix" value="/WEB-INF/pages/"/>
<property name="suffix" value=".jsp"/>
</bean>
<!-- 开启SpringMVC框架注解的支持 -->
<mvc:annotation-driven/>
3.编写AccountController类
@Controller
@RequestMapping("/account")
public class AccountController {
@Autowired
private IAccountService accountService;
@RequestMapping("/all")
public String findAllAccounts(){
return "success";
}
}
此时,springMVC已经配置完成,我们启动服务器,当访问/account/all路径后跳转到success.jsp页面时,出现下图。
访问页面
说明springMVC配置成功了
spring整合springMVC思路分析 此时启动服务器的话,没有加载applicationContext.xml文件,spring框架并没有起到作用,因此无法通过@AutoWire注解来实现依赖注入,并调用service层的方法。因此,我们的思路就是在服务器启动时,加载配置文件,创建容器。这样一来,表现层就能调用业务层的方法了。
具体实现我们通过设置监听器,使得服务器启动后,就会加载配置文件,并且初始化容器。
最终web.xml文件如下:
<!DOCTYPE web-app PUBLIC
"-//Sun Microsystems Inc.//DTD Web Application 2.3//EN"
"http://java.sun.com/dtd/web-app_2_3.dtd" >
<web-app>
<display-name>Archetype Created Web Application</display-name>
<!-- 配置spring提供的监听器,用于启动服务时加载容器。
该监听器会加载WEB-INF目录中名称为applicationContext.xml的配置文件-->
<listener>
<listener-class>
org.springframework.web.context.ContextLoaderListener
</listener-class>
</listener>
<!-- 指定spring配置文件的位置 -->
<context-param>
<param-name>contextConfigLocation</param-name>
<param-value>classpath:applicationContext.xml</param-value>
</context-param>
<servlet>
<servlet-name>demo</servlet-name>
<servlet-class>org.springframework.web.servlet.DispatcherServlet</servlet-class>
<init-param>
<param-name>contextConfigLocation</param-name>
<param-value>classpath:springMVC.xml</param-value>
</init-param>
<load-on-startup>1</load-on-startup>
</servlet>
<servlet-mapping>
<servlet-name>demo</servlet-name>
<url-pattern>/</url-pattern>
</servlet-mapping>
</web-app>
同时,修改一下AccountController类
@Controller
@RequestMapping("/account")
public class AccountController {
@Autowired
private IAccountService accountService;
@RequestMapping("/all")
public String findAllAccounts(){
List<Account> all = accountService.findAllAccount();
for (Account a:all
) {
System.out.println(a);
}
return "success";
}
}
访问success.jsp页面时,后端会输出
Account{id=1 name='赵敏' money=99999.99}
Account{id=2 name='张无忌' money=11111.1}
Account{id=3 name='木婉清' money=22222.22}
说明accountService对象能够通过容器注入了,整合成功。
PS:使用@RestController注解可以实现api来达到前后端分离的效果。
小结关键点主要在于怎么用spring框架去整合其他框架,其中,对于spring框架的作用的理解至关重要!
作者:黑里俏
链接:https://juejin.im/post/5f06d9d5f265da22d13084a1