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if i were you or if i was you(IfIwere)

if i were you or if i was you(IfIwere)而暗喻有很大一部分是习语,其中不存在 like 或 as 之类用于明喻的词,如 music to one's ear 和 the apple of sb's eye,它们都是习语,被用作暗喻,分别意为“佳音;悦耳的声音”和“掌上明珠”,例如:这朵花像画一样漂亮。He's very like his father.他很像他的父亲。The flower is as pretty as a picture.

#坚持打卡##英语学习#

无论是哪种语言,比喻或修辞手段(a figure of speech)都是语言艺术的升华,是最富有诗意的语言形式之一,是为了提高其有效性而对常用词语的偏离,是语言的信息功能和美学功能的有机结合。若能在实际应用中使用比喻的手法,则得到的将会是意想不到的效果。

比喻通常强调、修饰或澄清书面和口头形式的语言。我们也可以在文学作品中看到它的用法,甚至可以在广告、海报、标语、报纸、杂志、动画片等中看到它。

在英语中,比较常见的比喻包括明喻(simile)和暗喻(metaphor)等,其中前者主要用用介词 like ,连词 as,as if,as…so 等,例如:

He's very like his father.

他很像他的父亲。

The flower is as pretty as a picture.

这朵花像画一样漂亮。

if i were you or if i was you(IfIwere)(1)

而暗喻有很大一部分是习语,其中不存在 like 或 as 之类用于明喻的词,如 music to one's ear 和 the apple of sb's eye,它们都是习语,被用作暗喻,分别意为“佳音;悦耳的声音”和“掌上明珠”,例如:

Ocean’s sound is music to my ear.

海洋的声音非常悦耳。

His youngest daughter was the apple of his eye.

他最小的女儿是他的掌上明珠。

从 if I were in your shoes 这个句子可以看出,它属于 were 型虚拟式;虽然在虚拟语气中,我们也见过不少 I was 的表达方式,然后从语法角度来说应该是 I were,因此在正式的写作或考试中因优先使用 I were.

虽然 if I were in your shoes 也是虚拟语气,表示不可能发生的事情,但它却不译为“如果我在你的鞋子里”,它有其他用法,其实它也是一种暗喻。

if i were you or if i was you(IfIwere)(2)

在英语中,shoe 主要用作名词,意为“鞋子”,通常以复数形式出现,如 a pair of shoes,意为“一双鞋子”,但有时 shoe 也以单数形式出现,作名词形容词,表示与 shoe 相关的,如 a shoe brush,意为“鞋刷”等,然而在实际中,shoe 常被用作其他寓意,主要存在于习语中。

If I were in your shoes 就是其中一个,它用来引出建议,意为“要是我处在你的境地,换了我是你的话”;如果要给这种虚拟语气归类的话,那么它属于第二类条件句,因此主句的格式通常是:(主语'd)主语 would 不带 to 不定式:例如:

If I were in your shoes I'd resign immediately.

要是我处在你的境地,我就立刻辞职。

If I were in your shoes I think I'd come clean about where I was last night.

换了我是你的话,我想我会坦白昨晚我在哪里。

If I were in your shoes I'd get another job first before I resigned.

换了我是你的话,我会在辞职前先找到另一份工作。

if i were you or if i was you(IfIwere)(3)

从 if I were in your shoes 可以看出,in one's shoes 可以表示处于某人的境地或设身处地,通常指的是困境等,例如:

I wouldn't like to be in Mike's shoes when the boss hears what he's done!

当老板听到迈克的所作所为时,迈克的日子可就不好过了!

由此可见,英语水平的高低不仅是简单的语法或词汇量的汇总,而是利用自己所学的,不仅要表达或传递自己的意思,还要能展现英语语言本身的魅力。

关注外语行天下,后期会更精彩。

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