简爱读后感80字英语（双语阅读勃朗特写简）

简爱读后感80字英语（双语阅读勃朗特写简）Yet when it comes to the inspiration for Mr Rochester and Bertha Mason two of the most compelling figures in English literature Mr Pfordresher stumbles. His argument that Charlotte drew on her father Patrick’s demanding presence fiery temper and “sexual energy” for Mr Rochester is unconvincing: Patrick’s attempts to remarry after his wife’s death seem more to do with caring for his six children

CRITICS relish a bit of detective work. Four hundred years after William Shakespeare died people still offer new theories about the true identity of the “Dark Lady” and the “Fair Youth” of his sonnets. Journalists have been dogged in their attempts to discover the writer behind the pseudonym “Elena Ferrante”.

评论家喜欢做点侦探的工作。威廉·莎士比亚逝世四百年后，人们依旧对莎翁十四行诗中“黑暗夫人”和“英俊青年”的身份不断提出新的见解。记者一直试图发掘出化名“埃琳娜·费兰特 ”的作家到底是谁。

Charlotte Brontë has been the subject of many such investigations. During her lifetime the pen name “Currer Bell” provoked wild speculations; reviewers variously concluded that the author was a man a woman or a mixed-sex writing duo. Readers past and present have wondered how a shy curate’s daughter from Yorkshire came to write “Jane Eyre” a finely wrought tale of passion and darkness when her life contained seemingly little of either. With “The Secret History of Jane Eyre” John Pfordresher a professor at Georgetown University seeks to provide some answers. His aim is to unearth the real-life people and events that inspired Brontë’s much-loved classic novel.

夏洛蒂·勃朗特一直都是这种调查的对象。她在世时，“柯勒·贝尔”的笔名引发了众多猜想。评论家普遍得出这样的结论：作家要么是男人，要么是女人，要么就是双性人。从过去到现在读者们一直好奇：这位来自约克郡的害羞牧师的女儿，在她似乎微不足道的的生命里，如何写成《简·爱》这部精细刻画激情与阴暗的故事。乔治城大学教授John Pfordresher在《<简·爱>的秘密历史》一书中给出了一些回答。他是想找出激发勃朗特创作出这些深受欢迎的爱情小说的真人真事。

Unfortunately Mr Pfordresher cannot illuminate the writing process itself save for noting the date that Brontë first put pen to paper. She left “no outlines notes about characters drafts scribbled over with revisions and additions” or any other such tantalising clues. So Mr Pfordresher chooses to follow the chronology of the novel and weave in the biographical detail.

不幸的是，除了说明勃朗特首次提笔创作的日期之外，Pfordresher教授没能解释创作过程。勃朗特没有留下“任何写作提纲、对角色的注释，满凌乱删改后的手稿”，也没有留下其它吸引人的线索。因此，Pfordresher选择按照小说的时间线索，添加传记的细节。

John Reed Jane Eyre’s young adversary is based on Charlotte’s experience of the boys she met during her time in Belgium as well as the unpleasant sons of the Sidgwick family (for whom she served as a governess) and a character in “Agnes Grey” her sister Anne’s novel. Jane’s time at the dreadful Lowood Institution is reconstructed from Charlotte’s grim memories of Cowan Bridge school only made less “exquisitely painful” (tracts were published defending the school and its proprietors). The virtuous and stoical Helen Burns is a reincarnation of Maria the sister who died at 11; Emily and Anne are also present as Diana and Mary Rivers. So extensive is the biographical framework on which Charlotte built Mr Pfordresher argues that readers should view “Jane Eyre” as autobiography rather than a work of fiction.

简·爱的对头，年轻的约翰·里德是根据夏洛蒂与在比利时期间遇到的几个男孩，同时也是西德维克家族里令人讨厌男孩子（夏洛蒂在他们家当过家庭教师）的经历，以及姐姐安妮·勃朗特小说中的人物“艾格尼丝·格雷”的形象塑造的。简·爱在可怕的洛伍德女子学校度过的时光是基于夏洛蒂对考恩桥学校的恐怖记忆写成的，只是写得不那么“特别痛苦”（当时还出版了一些维护该学校及业主的小册子）。品德高尚、禁欲主义的海伦·彭斯是姐姐玛利亚的化身，在11岁时就去世了。艾米丽和安妮也在小说中以戴安娜·里弗斯和玛丽·里弗斯的名字出现。Pfordresher认为，夏洛蒂构建的传记框架非常庞大，读者们应该将《简·爱》当成自传，而不是虚构的小说来读。

Yet when it comes to the inspiration for Mr Rochester and Bertha Mason two of the most compelling figures in English literature Mr Pfordresher stumbles. His argument that Charlotte drew on her father Patrick’s demanding presence fiery temper and “sexual energy” for Mr Rochester is unconvincing: Patrick’s attempts to remarry after his wife’s death seem more to do with caring for his six children than with lust. The claim that Bertha’s lunacy was based on Charlotte’s trip to North Lees Hall—where the mistress of the house “reputedly went mad was confined in a padded room and died in a fire”—is a fair one. But Branwell the author’s miscreant brother is an equally good candidate that Mr Pfordresher ignores. In her biography of Charlotte Claire Harman points out that he kept the household awake at night “with his noisy despairing” over a past lover and is rumoured to have set his own bed on fire.

至于罗切斯特和伯莎·梅森这两位英国文学中最受关注的人物的灵感来源，Pfordresher也困惑了。他的论断是：夏洛蒂将父亲帕特里克苛刻的特点、暴躁的脾气、以及“性能量”赋予罗切斯特。不过，这一论断不能为人信服。帕特里克在妻子去世后想要再婚这一点似乎与照顾六个孩子更有关系，而并非欲望驱使。”伯莎的精神失常是根据夏洛蒂去 North Lees Hall旅行的经历写成的。”这一观点还算合理。因为，在那里，屋子的女主人“据说疯了，被关在铺着软垫的房间里，死于一场大火”。但是，夏洛蒂的无赖兄弟布兰维尔，同样是个好人选，Pfordresher却忽略了这一点。在克莱尔·哈曼为夏洛特写的传记中，她指出，布兰维尔对过去爱人的“绝望的吵闹”让一家人整夜睡不着觉，据说，他还把自己的床点着了。

The verisimilitude of Brontë’s novel has long been one of its greatest strengths (The Economist reviewing it in 1847 argued that it was “perfectly fresh and lifelike” and as such “far removed from the namby pamby stuff of which fashionable novels are made”). Though this “secret history” illuminates much of the real-life mould that shaped the novel it at times confuses autobiographical elements with autobiography. In its determination that Charlotte Brontë is Jane Eyre many of the comparisons between true incidents and those of the fiction feel forced. Literary sleuthing is often illuminating—but it can also see clues where none really exist.

勃朗特小说的真实感长期以来一直是小说最大的优点。（《经济学人》在1847年写过该小说的书评，称其“极其鲜活逼真”，还有“远离矫揉造作的流行小说元素”等等）尽管这部“秘密历史”揭示出小说中许多角色的真人原型，不过，它有时将“自传元素“和“自传”相混淆。由于本书的观点是“夏洛蒂·勃朗特就是简·爱”，因此，其中许多真实事件同虚构场景的对比感觉像是牵强附会。文学嗅探通常具有揭示性，但是也可能发现“什么也不存在”的线索。

注：The Secret History of Jane Eyre: How Charlotte Brontë Wrote Her Masterpiece《<简·爱>的秘密历史：夏洛蒂·勃朗特是如何创作这部代表作的？》，作者：John Pfordresher.

编译：汪丽晨

编辑：翻吧君