一般现在时和过去完成时的用法（现在完成时与现在完成进行时的用法大全）

一般现在时和过去完成时的用法（现在完成时与现在完成进行时的用法大全）Doctors have just operated on the mummy of an Egyptian woman who died in 800 B.C. because they wanted to find out if she died of a rare disease or not. After removing a section of the mummy they sent it to a laboratory. During the operation they unexpectedly found a small wax figure of a god. Though they were afraid the mummy would fall to pieces it successfully survived.更多相关内容，请查看下面的文章：I have

一、小编的朗读

二、重要句型或语法

1、一般过去时、现在完成时与现在完成进行时

本课主要复习第5课、第29课和第53课中的一般过去时、现在完成时和现在完成进行时的区别。其中，一般过去时主要客观描述过去发生了什么，现在完成时强调的是过去发生的事情对现在造成的影响，而现在完成进行时则侧重过去发生的动作一直持续到现在还在进行。如：

• She arrived here two weeks ago.

• I have not heard from him since 1993.

• He ahs been ringin up contiunally since lunchtime.

【推荐阅读】

更多相关内容，请查看下面的文章：

英语一般过去时的用法大全英语现在完成时的用法大全英语现在完成进行时的用法大全

三、课文主要语言点

The mummy of an Egyptian woman who died in 800 B.C. has just had an operation.	1）mummy，木乃伊。 2）Egyptian，埃及的、埃及人。注意其重音在第二个音节上。其名词为Egypt（埃及），注意其重音在第一个音节上。 3）B.C.，公元前。其完整形式为Before Christ，即在耶稣诞生之前。西元的公元纪年就是以耶稣诞生的那一年为元年的，其出生之后的年份被称为“公元后或公元”，即A.D.，其完整形式为Anno Domini，意为“主的生年”。 4）have an operation，接受手术。operation源自动词operate（做手术），其常见用法是operate on sb.，给某人做手术。
The mummy is that of Shepenmut who was once a singer in the Temple of Thebes.	1）that of中的that经常用来指代前面提到的同一个或同一类事物。 2）the Temple of Thebes，底比斯神庙。底比斯横跨尼罗河两岸，位于现今埃及首都开罗南面700多公里处，尼罗河的右岸，也叫东岸，是当时古埃及的宗教、政治中心。尼罗河的左岸，也叫西岸，是法老们死后的安息之地。
As there were strange marks on the X-ray plates taken of the mummy doctors have been trying to find out whether the woman died of a rare disease.	1）as引导的是原因状语从句。 2）there are marks on...，...上面有斑点。 3）plate，（相片的）底片。 4）注意taken of the mummy作为先行词plates的定语，其完整原形为：which/that were taken of the mummy。take plates of，给...拍片子。 5）句中的try采用了现在完成进行时，说明医生从过去到现在一直都在努力查找原因。 6）find out，查找、弄明白。 7）whether引导的是宾语从句，作为find out的宾语。 8）die of，死于...。注意与die from的区别：die of一般指死于内因，如疾病、衰老等；die from一般指死于外因，如事故、灾难等。 9）a rare disease，罕见的疾病。
The only way to do this was to operate. The operation which lasted for over four hours proved to be very difficult because of the hard resin which covered the skin.	1）注意to do this用作way的后置定语。 2）to operate用作表语，与was一起构成系表结构，作为整个句子的谓语。 3）which引导的是非限定性定语从句，补充说明先行词operation的持续时间。 4）last，用作了动词，表示“持续”。 5）prove是结果系动词，经常后接“to be 形容词或名词”的结构，to be可以省略。 6）because of，由于、因为。是介词短语，后接单词或短语。 7）resin，树脂。 8）which引导的是限定性定语从句，修饰先行词the hard resin。
The doctors removed a section of the mummy and sent it to a laboratory.	1）remove，移除、清除。 2）a section of，...的一部分。 3）send...to...，把...送往某地。 4）注意laboratory（实验室）的发音和拼写，可以简化为lab。
They also found something which the X-ray did not show: a small wax figure of the god Duamutef..	1）which在句中引导的是定语从句，修饰先行词something。需要注意的是当先行词为不定代词时，关系代词一般都用that，但只有something例外，其关系代词既可以用that，也可以用which。 2）注意句中show后面的冒号起着解释说明的提示作用。 3）a wax figure of，...的蜡像。figure，体形；人像。
This god which has the head of a cow was normally placed inside a mummy.	1）which引导的是定语从句，修饰先行词this god。 2）注意本句话定语从句的谓语动词have用的是一般现在时，而主句的谓语动词用的却是一般过去时，其原因在于：从句描述的是这个蜡像的现状，而主句描述的是过去这种蜡像一般都会放在木乃伊里。 3）normally，正常情况下。源自形容词normal（正常的），其反义词为abnormal（不正常的）。注意normal另外一个常用的意思是“师范的”，如ECNU，华东师范大学，即East China Normal University。 4）place...into...，把...放在某处。
The doctors have not yet decided how the woman died.	1）not yet，还没有。 2）how引导的是宾语从句，用作decide的宾语。
They feared that the mummy would fall to pieces when they cut it open but fortunately this has not happened. The mummy successfully survived the operation.	1）fear，担心、害怕。 2）fall to pieces，摔成碎片。 3）cut...open，割开、切开。 4）survive...，在...当中幸存下来。

四、课文摘要

Doctors have just operated on the mummy of an Egyptian woman who died in 800 B.C. because they wanted to find out if she died of a rare disease or not. After removing a section of the mummy they sent it to a laboratory. During the operation they unexpectedly found a small wax figure of a god. Though they were afraid the mummy would fall to pieces it successfully survived.

五、语用文化

可了解更多有关木乃伊的历史文化知识。

六、学习建议

1、课文中出现了较多的定语从句，要注意复习定语从句中常见的关系代词的用法。

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