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elasticsearch笔记怎么查询:ElasticSearch入门 第五篇 使用C

elasticsearch笔记怎么查询:ElasticSearch入门 第五篇 使用C为搜索请求指定查询类型,可以是词条搜索,或全文搜索SearchRequest sr = new SearchRequest("meetup" "events");3,指定查询类型和查询条件在搜索文档之前,首先要连接到ElasticSearch引擎,创建客户端对象using Nest; var node = new Uri("http://myserver:9200"); var settings = new ConnectionSettings(node).DefaultIndex("default"); var client = new ElasticClient(settings);2,创建查询请求连接到引擎之后,创建搜索请求(SearchRequest),用于封装查询类型和查询条件

使用C#代码实现对ElastiSearch的编程查询,是十分方便的,通常情况下,开发者采用官方提供的NEST客户端程序,通过封装的方法向ElasticSearch引擎发送查询请求,搜索数据,最终获取返回的查询结果,实现预定的业务需求。在内部,NEST客户端通过格式化的数据结构,把C#代码转换成HTTP 请求(Request),减轻了用户直接编写Qeury DSL的麻烦。当然,用户也可以直接把Query DSL封装成HTTP请求,发送到ElasticSearch引擎;对开发者来说,不仅需要熟悉Query DSL的语法,而且需要手动编写代码,处理引擎返回的JSON结构化的数据集,采用这种方式的优点是不受限于NEST客户端程序,能够最大化使用ElasticSearch查询的各种参数,书写自由。

本文简单介绍使用C#代码对ElasticSearch进行编程查询的流程,具体的细节,请参考官方文档。

一,编程流程

1,创建客户端

在搜索文档之前,首先要连接到ElasticSearch引擎,创建客户端对象

using Nest; var node = new Uri("http://myserver:9200"); var settings = new ConnectionSettings(node).DefaultIndex("default"); var client = new ElasticClient(settings);

2,创建查询请求

连接到引擎之后,创建搜索请求(SearchRequest),用于封装查询类型和查询条件

SearchRequest sr = new SearchRequest("meetup" "events");

3,指定查询类型和查询条件

为搜索请求指定查询类型,可以是词条搜索,或全文搜索

TermQuery tq = new TermQuery(); tq.Field = "eventname"; tq.Value = "azure"; sr.Query = tq;

4,调整查询结果

为搜索请求设置参数,排序,分页,和选择返回的字段等,在选择查询结果返回的字段时,推荐在查询请求(SearchRequest)中使用Source Filter。

在查询请求中,通过类RequestSearch的数组字段StoredFileds,把已存储字段添加到该数组中,ElasticSearch引擎只返回特定的字段,而不是文档的所有字段。在索引映射中,已存储字段的store属性为true,StoredFileds数组只能选择已存储字段(stored field)。

//windows sr.From = 0; sr.Size = 100; //sort ISort sort = new SortField { Field = "eventid" Order = SortOrder.Ascending }; sr.Sort = new List<ISort>(); sr.Sort.Add(sort); //source filter sr.Source = new SourceFilter() { Includes = new string[] { "eventid" "eventname" } Excludes = new string[] { "roginalid" "description" } };

5,执行查询请求

最后,客户端执行搜索请求,获取搜索结果,并将查询结果中的文档集转换成列表

var result = client.Search<MeetupEvents>(sr); return result.Documents.ToList<MeetupEvents>();

二,示例代码,使用Nest客户端搜索文档

在该示例代码中,本文简单列举词条查询,匹配查询,布尔查询和正则表达式查询的示例代码。

1,词条查询

public List<MeetupEvents>GetResult_TermQuery( ) { //create term query TermQuery tq = new TermQuery(); tq.Field = "eventname"; tq.Value = "azure"; //create search request SearchRequest sr = new SearchRequest("meetup" "events"); sr.Query = tq; //windows sr.From = 0; sr.Size = 100; //sort ISort sort = new SortField { Field = "eventid" Order = SortOrder.Ascending }; sr.Sort = new List<ISort>(); sr.Sort.Add(sort); //source filter sr.Source = new SourceFilter() { Includes = new string[] { "eventid" "eventname" } Excludes = new string[] { "roginalid" "description" } }; var result = client.Search<MeetupEvents>(sr); return result.Documents.ToList<MeetupEvents>(); }

2,匹配查询

public List<MeetupEvents> GetResult_MatchQuery() { SearchRequest sr = new SearchRequest("meetup" "events"); MatchQuery mq = new MatchQuery(); mq.Field = new Field("eventname"); mq.Query = "azure cloud"; mq.MinimumShouldMatch = 2; mq.Operator = Operator.Or; sr.Query = mq; sr.From = 0; sr.Size = 100; sr.Sort = new List<ISort>(); sr.Sort.Add(new SortField { Field = "eventid" Order = SortOrder.Ascending }); ISearchResponse<MeetupEvents> result = client.Search<MeetupEvents>(sr); return result.Documents.ToList<MeetupEvents>(); }

3,正则表达式查询

public List<MeetupEvents>GetResult_RegexpQuery() { SearchRequest sr = new SearchRequest(); RegexpQuery rq = new RegexpQuery(); rq.Field = "description"; rq.Value = "azu.*"; rq.MaximumDeterminizedStates = 20000; sr.Query = rq; var result = client.Search<MeetupEvents>(sr); return result.Documents.ToList<MeetupEvents>(); }

4,布尔查询

public List<MeetupEvents>GetResult_BoolQuery() { SearchRequest sr = new SearchRequest("meetup" "events"); BoolQuery bq = new BoolQuery(); bq.Filter = new QueryContainer[] { new MatchQuery() { Field="eventname" Query="azure cloud" Operator=Operator.Or MinimumShouldMatch=1 } new MatchQuery() { Field ="eventname" Query="aws google" Operator=Operator.Or MinimumShouldMatch=1 } }; bq.Should = new QueryContainer[] { new TermQuery() { Field="description" Value="azure" } new TermQuery() { Field="description" Value="cloud" } }; bq.MinimumShouldMatch = 1; sr.Query = bq; var result = client.Search<MeetupEvents>(sr); return result.Documents.ToList<MeetupEvents>(); }

三,把Query DSL封装成HTTP Request

向ElasticSearch引擎发送Http请求,在http请求中指定查询的类型和查询条件,引擎在收到请求后执行搜索,查询结果以HTTP 响应(Response)返回,开发者需要从Response返回的JSON结构字符串中解析搜索结果。

1,封装类库

以下HTTP网络编程代码,是我们项目组一姐Amy的作品,谢谢Amy的分享,代码可以进一步封装,在此文中,仅仅作为演示:

namespace ElasticSearchNet { class ESRequest { string es_host; string es_port; string es_index; string es_type; private string url; public ESRequest(string host string index string type string port="9200") { es_host = host; es_port = port; es_index = index; es_type = type; string requst_cache = "request_cache=true"; url = string.Format("http://{0}:{1}/{2}/{3}/_search?{4}" es_host es_port es_index es_type requst_cache); } public string ExecuteQeury(string json_query) { HttpWebRequest request = (HttpWebRequest)WebRequest.Create(url); request.ContentType = "aplication/json"; request.Method = "POST"; request.Timeout = 1000 * 60; using (var sw = new StreamWriter(request.GetRequestStream())) { sw.Write(json_query); sw.Flush(); sw.Close(); } var response = (HttpWebResponse)request.GetResponse(); using (var sr = new StreamReader(response.GetResponseStream())) { return sr.ReadToEnd(); } } } }

2,执行查询

查询的结果是JSON结构的字符串,通常使用JObject和JToken类处理。

ESRequest es = new ElasticSearchNet.ESRequest("cia-sh-svr-sis3" "meetup" "events"); string json_query = @" { ""query"":{ ""match"":{ ""eventname"":""azure"" } } } "; string strJsonResult=es.ExecuteQeury(json_query);

解析JSON的常用类库是:

  • # JSONPath
  • LINQ to JSON
  • elasticsearch笔记怎么查询:ElasticSearch入门 第五篇 使用C(1)

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