python拼图游戏代码的理解,Python制作游戏原来这么简单
python拼图游戏代码的理解,Python制作游戏原来这么简单既然是游戏,总得有个初始界面吧?将图像分为m×n个矩形块,并将图像右下角的矩形块替换为空白块后,将这些矩形块随机摆放成原图像的形状。游戏目标为通过移动非空白块将随机摆放获得的图像恢复成原图像的模样,且规定移动操作仅存在于非空白块移动到空白块。pygame模块;以及一些Python自带的模块安装Python并添加到环境变量,pip安装需要的相关模块即可。
前言:本期我们将制作一个拼图小游戏。让我们愉快地开始吧~~~
先来看看效果是这样子的:
开发工具**Python版本:**3.6.4
私信小编01即可获取大量python学习资源
相关模块:pygame模块;
以及一些Python自带的模块
环境搭建安装Python并添加到环境变量,pip安装需要的相关模块即可。
原理介绍游戏简介:将图像分为m×n个矩形块,并将图像右下角的矩形块替换为空白块后,将这些矩形块随机摆放成原图像的形状。游戏目标为通过移动非空白块将随机摆放获得的图像恢复成原图像的模样,且规定移动操作仅存在于非空白块移动到空白块。
例如下图所示: 逐步实现:Step1:游戏初始界面既然是游戏,总得有个初始界面吧?
OK,我们先写一个游戏初始界面:
'''显示游戏开始界面'''
def ShowStartInterface(screen width height):
screen.fill(cfg.BACKGROUNDCOLOR)
tfont = pygame.font.Font(cfg.FONTPATH width//4)
cfont = pygame.font.Font(cfg.FONTPATH width//20)
title = tfont.render('拼图游戏' True cfg.RED)
content1 = cfont.render('按H或M或L键开始游戏' True cfg.BLUE)
content2 = cfont.render('H为5*5模式 M为4*4模式 L为3*3模式' True cfg.BLUE)
trect = title.get_rect()
trect.midtop = (width/2 height/10)
crect1 = content1.get_rect()
crect1.midtop = (width/2 height/2.2)
crect2 = content2.get_rect()
crect2.midtop = (width/2 height/1.8)
screen.blit(title trect)
screen.blit(content1 crect1)
screen.blit(content2 crect2)
while True:
for event in pygame.event.get():
if (event.type == pygame.QUIT) or (event.type == pygame.KEYDOWN and event.key == pygame.K_ESCAPE):
pygame.quit()
sys.exit()
elif event.type == pygame.KEYDOWN:
if event.key == ord('l'): return 3
elif event.key == ord('m'): return 4
elif event.key == ord('h'): return 5
pygame.display.update()
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根据玩家自身水平,可以选择不同难度的拼图游戏。
Step2:定义移动操作定义移动操作的目的是为了移动拼图(好像是废话T_T),具体实现起来十分简单:
'''将空白Cell左边的Cell右移到空白Cell位置'''
def moveR(board blank_cell_idx num_cols):
if blank_cell_idx % num_cols == 0: return blank_cell_idx
board[blank_cell_idx-1] board[blank_cell_idx] = board[blank_cell_idx] board[blank_cell_idx-1]
return blank_cell_idx - 1
'''将空白Cell右边的Cell左移到空白Cell位置'''
def moveL(board blank_cell_idx num_cols):
if (blank_cell_idx 1) % num_cols == 0: return blank_cell_idx
board[blank_cell_idx 1] board[blank_cell_idx] = board[blank_cell_idx] board[blank_cell_idx 1]
return blank_cell_idx 1
'''将空白Cell上边的Cell下移到空白Cell位置'''
def moveD(board blank_cell_idx num_cols):
if blank_cell_idx < num_cols: return blank_cell_idx
board[blank_cell_idx-num_cols] board[blank_cell_idx] = board[blank_cell_idx] board[blank_cell_idx-num_cols]
return blank_cell_idx - num_cols
'''将空白Cell下边的Cell上移到空白Cell位置'''
def moveU(board blank_cell_idx num_rows num_cols):
if blank_cell_idx >= (num_rows-1) * num_cols: return blank_cell_idx
board[blank_cell_idx num_cols] board[blank_cell_idx] = board[blank_cell_idx] board[blank_cell_idx num_cols]
return blank_cell_idx num_cols
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Step3:游戏主界面
OK,有了前面的铺垫,我们可以开始实现我们的游戏主界面了。
首先,我们需要打乱拼图, 但是随机打乱很可能导致拼图无解,因此我们通过随机移动拼图来实现打乱拼图的效果 ,这也是我们先定义拼图的移动操作的主要原因:
'''获得打乱的拼图'''
def CreateBoard(num_rows num_cols num_cells):
board = []
for i in range(num_cells): board.append(i)
# 去掉右下角那块
blank_cell_idx = num_cells - 1
board[blank_cell_idx] = -1
for i in range(cfg.NUMRANDOM):
# 0: left 1: right 2: up 3: down
direction = random.randint(0 3)
if direction == 0: blank_cell_idx = moveL(board blank_cell_idx num_cols)
elif direction == 1: blank_cell_idx = moveR(board blank_cell_idx num_cols)
elif direction == 2: blank_cell_idx = moveU(board blank_cell_idx num_rows num_cols)
elif direction == 3: blank_cell_idx = moveD(board blank_cell_idx num_cols)
return board blank_cell_idx
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游戏主界面初始化:
最后实现主界面的显示刷新以及事件响应等功能:
while True:
game_board blank_cell_idx = CreateBoard(num_rows num_cols num_cells)
if not isGameOver(game_board size):
break
# 游戏主循环
is_running = True
while is_running:
# --事件捕获
for event in pygame.event.get():
# ----退出游戏
if (event.type == pygame.QUIT) or (event.type == pygame.KEYDOWN and event.key == pygame.K_ESCAPE):
pygame.quit()
sys.exit()
# ----键盘操作
elif event.type == pygame.KEYDOWN:
if event.key == pygame.K_LEFT or event.key == ord('a'):
blank_cell_idx = moveL(game_board blank_cell_idx num_cols)
elif event.key == pygame.K_RIGHT or event.key == ord('d'):
blank_cell_idx = moveR(game_board blank_cell_idx num_cols)
elif event.key == pygame.K_UP or event.key == ord('w'):
blank_cell_idx = moveU(game_board blank_cell_idx num_rows num_cols)
elif event.key == pygame.K_DOWN or event.key == ord('s'):
blank_cell_idx = moveD(game_board blank_cell_idx num_cols)
# ----鼠标操作
elif event.type == pygame.MOUSEBUTTONDOWN and event.button == 1:
x y = pygame.mouse.get_pos()
x_pos = x // cell_width
y_pos = y // cell_height
idx = x_pos y_pos * num_cols
if idx == blank_cell_idx-1:
blank_cell_idx = moveR(game_board blank_cell_idx num_cols)
elif idx == blank_cell_idx 1:
blank_cell_idx = moveL(game_board blank_cell_idx num_cols)
elif idx == blank_cell_idx num_cols:
blank_cell_idx = moveU(game_board blank_cell_idx num_rows num_cols)
elif idx == blank_cell_idx-num_cols:
blank_cell_idx = moveD(game_board blank_cell_idx num_cols)
# --判断游戏是否结束
if isGameOver(game_board size):
game_board[blank_cell_idx] = num_cells - 1
is_running = False
# --更新屏幕
screen.fill(cfg.BACKGROUNDCOLOR)
for i in range(num_cells):
if game_board[i] == -1:
continue
x_pos = i // num_cols
y_pos = i % num_cols
rect = pygame.Rect(y_pos*cell_width x_pos*cell_height cell_width cell_height)
img_area = pygame.Rect((game_board[i]%num_cols)*cell_width (game_board[i]//num_cols)*cell_height cell_width cell_height)
screen.blit(game_img_used rect img_area)
for i in range(num_cols 1):
pygame.draw.line(screen cfg.BLACK (i*cell_width 0) (i*cell_width game_img_used_rect.height))
for i in range(num_rows 1):
pygame.draw.line(screen cfg.BLACK (0 i*cell_height) (game_img_used_rect.width i*cell_height))
pygame.display.update()
clock.tick(cfg.FPS)
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Step4:游戏结束界面
当玩家完成拼图后,需要显示游戏结束界面,和游戏初始界面类似,实现起来都比较简单:
'''显示游戏结束界面'''
def ShowEndInterface(screen width height):
screen.fill(cfg.BACKGROUNDCOLOR)
font = pygame.font.Font(cfg.FONTPATH width//15)
title = font.render('恭喜! 你成功完成了拼图!' True (233 150 122))
rect = title.get_rect()
rect.midtop = (width/2 height/2.5)
screen.blit(title rect)
pygame.display.update()
while True:
for event in pygame.event.get():
if (event.type == pygame.QUIT) or (event.type == pygame.KEYDOWN and event.key == pygame.K_ESCAPE):
pygame.quit()
sys.exit()
pygame.display.update()
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