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小学六年级英语人称代词语法讲解(小学英语语法零基础)

小学六年级英语人称代词语法讲解(小学英语语法零基础)It is a dog.He is my friend.We are cooks.我们是厨师 。I am a boy.She is a teacher.

人称代词全掌握

人称代词(Personal Pronoun)是指人或事物的代词。有人称、数、格的变化。第三人称单数的人称代词还有性的变化。

人称代词列表:

小学六年级英语人称代词语法讲解(小学英语语法零基础)(1)

人称代词:主格、宾格

人称代词的句法功能

1.作主语 (用主格形式)


主格主要用来做句子的主语,在正式文体中也可用作表语

We are cooks.
我们是厨师 。

I am a boy.

She is a teacher.

He is my friend.

It is a dog.

We are Chinese.

They are apples.

2.作表语 (用主格形式)


It's I.
是我 。

注意: 在正式场合中,当表语的代词应采用主格形式。但是在口语习惯上人们常用宾格形式 。如:It's me.

3.作宾语 (用宾格形式)


宾格作宾语,在动词或者介词后:

This is me.

I don't know her.

This is my hat. Do you like it?
这是我的帽子 。你喜欢吗?

Look at him.

I will give it to her.

在口语中,若省略谓语及其他成分的短句中,人称代词宾格可用作主语。如:
——He has read the novel.
——Me too.
“他看过这小说”。“我也看过”。

4.作介宾 (用宾格形式)


My brother often takes care of me.
我哥哥经常照顾我 。

人称代词的排列顺序

1.两个或两个以上的人称代词并列使用时,对于单数人称代词,按“二三一”的顺序排列;对于复数人称代词,按“一二三”的顺序排列。如:

You he and I must obey the rules.
你,他和我都得遵守规则。

We you and they should stay here.
我们,你们和他们都应该留在这。

2.若要承担责任或过失时,则通常将第一人称放在前面。如:

It was I and Tom who were late.
迟到的是我和汤姆。

3.表示男女的代词并排使用时,通常是先男后女。如:
Nobody likes such things except him and her.
除了他和她,没有喜欢那样的东西。

人称代词使用宾格的五点注意

1.会话中,在 be 后作表语用宾格不用主格。如:

—Who is it?
—It’s me / him.
—谁?
—是我 / 他呀。

2.在单独使用或带 not 的简略回答中用宾格不用主格。如:

—Who wants a ride on my bike?
—Me! (Not me!)
—谁想骑我的自行车?
—我!(不是我!)

—I like swimming.
—Me too.
—我喜欢游泳。
—我也是。

3.在感叹疑问句中做主语,以引起强调。如:

—You can tell him.
—Me tell him? Not likely!
—你可以告诉他。
—我告诉他?不可能!

—Susan go and join your sister cleaning the yard.
—Why ? John is sitting there doing nothing. (全国卷)
A. him B. he C. I D. me
【分析】答案选D。

4.在 as 或 than 后,若没带有动词时,多用宾格。如:

I am as tall as him.
我和他一样高。

I am taller than him.
我比他高。

5.在下列之类的祈使句中。如:

He’s got to repay the money—poor him.
他得偿还这笔钱——可怜的他呀!

使用人称代词的几个注意点

1.指代国家、城市、地球、船舶、(雌性)动物等时,一般用代词 it,但也可用 she / her (带感情色彩)。如:

My car’s not fast but she does 50 miles to the gallon.
我的车不快,但每加仑油它能跑50英里。

2.当上文提到的人的性别不明时,一般用 he / him 来指代。如:

Whoever told you that he was lying.
无论谁对你那样说,他都在说谎。

If a person had so much money he would do it in another way.
要是一个人有那么多钱,他就会用另外一种方法做这事。

说明:
对于 anybody everybody nobody anyone someone everyone no one 这类性别不明的不定代词,它们可用单数 he him 指代,也可用复数 they them指代,用单数较正式,用复数较口语化。如:
If anybody [anyone] comes ask him [them] to wait.
要是有人来,让他等着。

3.代词 we you they 有时可用于泛指一般人。如:

We [You] ought to obey the law. 大家都应遵守法律。

#小学英语语法#

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