初中英语一般将来时专项语法讲解（初中英语语法精品资料第十三讲）
初中英语一般将来时专项语法讲解（初中英语语法精品资料第十三讲）①表示将要发生的动作或情况，常带有表示将来的时间状语，如 tomorrow next week in two days from now on 等。如：1. 表示“纯粹的将来”：He won’t go to the park this Sunday. 本周日他不去公园。Will you go swimming with me? 和我一起去游泳好吗？二 . 一般将来时的基本用法：
一、一般将来时的构成：
1. 由助动词“ shall/ will ＋动词原形”构成， shall 用于第一人称，will 用于第二、第三 人称，而美式英语在陈述句中无论什么人称，一律用 will 。
2. 一般将来时的否定和疑问形式：
一般将来时的否定形式是 will not ，缩写为 won't; shall not ，缩写为 shan't 。 一般将来时的疑问形式是把 will/ shall 提到主语前。如：
He won’t go to the park this Sunday. 本周日他不去公园。
Will you go swimming with me? 和我一起去游泳好吗？
二 . 一般将来时的基本用法：
1. 表示“纯粹的将来”：
①表示将要发生的动作或情况，常带有表示将来的时间状语，如 tomorrow next week in two days from now on 等。如：
It will be fine tomorrow. 明天天气晴朗。
②表示预料将要发生的动作或情况。如：
You will feel better after having this medicine.
吃了这药，你就会感觉好些的。
③ 表示由于习惯倾向而会经常发生的动作，本用法中的 will 要重读。如：
Boys will be boys. 〔谚语〕男孩毕竟是男孩。
2. 表示“带有情态意义的将来”，用来表示意图，用 will 来表示。如：
I will be more careful next time. 下次我要更加小心。
I won't go shopping this afternoon but she will.
今天下午我不想去购物，但她想去。
注意：will 在疑问句中，用来表示有礼貌地征询对方的意见。如：
Will you have some more tea? 要不要再喝点茶？
What shall we do this weekend? 本周末我们要干什么？
三 . 一般将来时的其它几种表示法：
1. 用 be going to 表示：
①be going to 相当于一个助动词，与其后的动词原形一起构成句子的谓语，表示近期将要发 生的动作或存在的状态。如：
I'm going to see a film this afternoon. 今天下午我想去看电影。
②“ be going to ＋动词原形”表示主观上打算在将来某个时间要做某事。如：
Her mother is going to buy her a new bike.
她妈妈要给她买辆新自行车。
③ “ be going to ＋动词原形”还可以表示说话人根据已有的迹象认为将要发生的事。如：
It's going to rain. 快要下雨了。
2. 用一般现在时表示将来意义
① 句中的动词是一般现在时，但所表示的意义却是一般将来时。如：
Are you free tomorrow? ＝ Are you going to be free tomorrow?
你明天有空吗？
② 在时间 / 条件状语从句中，如果主句是一般将来时，从句习惯上用一般现在时表示将来 的意义。如：
Please tell him to go when he comes. 他来时，就让他去。
3. be going to 与 will 的区别
be going to 与 will 两者都可表示将要发生的事、将要去做某事，但它们有如下几点区别：
① be going to 表示近期、眼下就要发生的事情，will 表示的将来时间则较远一些，如：
He is going to write a letter tonight.
He will write a book one day.
② be going to 表示根据主观判断将来肯定发生的事情，will 表示客观上将来势必发生的事情。
He is seriously ill. He is going to die.
He will be twenty years old.
③ be going to 含有“计划，准备”的意思，而 will 则没有这个意思，如：
She is going to lend us her book.
He will be here in half an hour.
4. 在有条件从句的主句中，一般不用 be going to 而多用 will 如：
If any beasts come at you I'll stay with you and help you
四、will 和 be going to 的选用原则
1. 关于“打算” ：
①原先做好的打算用“be going to”。
——Kate is in hospital.
—— Yes I know. I am going to see her this afternoon.
②说话时即时的打算用“will”。
——Kate is in hospital.”
——Oh really I didn’t know. I will go and see her at once.”
2. 关于“预料”
①在有迹象表明的情况下的预料用“be going to”
Look at the clouds. It’s going to rain. 你看天上的云。快下雨了。
My God! We are going to crash. 天哪！我们快撞车了。
②在没有迹象表明的情况下进行的猜测用“will，be going to”皆可。
I think the weather will be nice. =I think the weather is going to be nice. 我想天会晴朗。
Do you think the car will start? =Do you think the car is going to start? 你想车能发动起来吗？
③ 当动词表示内心活动时，表示猜测的句子必须用“will”
I think she will like the cake I made for her.
我想她会喜欢我为她做的蛋糕。
3. "be going to"中的 be 是助动词，它有 am is are 三种形式，没有什么实际意义；to 是动词不定式的标志词，标志词后动词用原形。它们三个总是形影不离，在句中共同表达"计划、打算、准备去做……"的意思。如：
I am going to sell this old car and buy a new one.
我打算卖掉这辆旧车，然后买辆新车。
五、用法篇
1. "be going to"必须与表示将来的时间信息词如 this afternoon tomorrow the day after tomorrow 以及 next 系列时间短语等连用。它可表示：
① 事先经过考虑、安排近期要做的事情。如：
They are going to the park this weekend. 他们打算这周末去公园。
②根据目前某种迹象判断某事非常有可能发生。如：
What bad weather! It is going to snow tomorrow.
多糟的天气！看来明天要下雪。
2. 注意：
①"be going to"的肯定式是"主语 be going to do(动词原形) ..."。上面的例句中就有肯 定句，再仔细看看吧!
2. "be going to"的否定式是在助动词be后加not，即：主语 be not going to do ... 如：
Peter is not going to make a model ship.
彼得不打算做一个轮船模型。
3. "be going to"的疑问式是把助动词 be 移到句首，即：Be 主语 going to do ...？这和 be作联系动词时的用法相似。如：
Are you going to mend his chair soon?
——Yes I am. / No I'm not.
一般将来时强化巩固习题
一、单项选择。
( ) 1. The day after tomorrow they ________ a volleyball match.
A. will watching B. watches
C. is watching D. is going to watch
( ) 2. There ________ a birthday party this Sunday.
A. shall be B. will be
C. shall going to be D. will going to be
( ) 3. They ________ an English evening next Sunday.
A. are having B. are going to have
C. will having D. is going to have
( ) 4. ________ you ________ free next Sunday?
A. Will; are B. Will; be
C. Do; be D. Are; be
( ) 5. He ________ there at ten tomorrow morning.
A. will B. is
C. will be D. be
( ) 6. ________ your brother ________ a magazine from the library?
A. Are; going to borrow B. Is; going to borrow
C. Will; borrows D. Are; going to borrows
( ) 7. Who ________ we ________ swimming with tomorrow afternoon?
A. will; go B. do; go
C. will; going D. shall; go
( ) 8. We ________ the work this way next time.
A. do B. will do
C. going to do D. will doing
( ) 9. Tomorrow he _____ a kite in the open air first and then ____boating in the park.
A. will fly; will go B. will fly; goes
C. is going to fly; will goes D. flies; will go
( )10. – Shall I come again tomorrow afternoon?
–________ （好的）.
A. Yes please B. Yes you will.
C. No please. D. No you won’t.
( )11. It ________ the year of the horse next year.
A. is going to be B. is going to
C. will be D. will is
( ) 12.________ open the window?
A. Will you please B. Please will you
C. You please D. Do you
( )13. – Let’s go out to play football shall we?
– OK. I ________.
A. will coming B. be going to come
C. come D. am coming
( ) 14. It ________ us a long time to learn English well.
A. takes B. will take
C. spends D. will spend
( )15. The train ________ at 11.
A. going to arrive B. will be arrive
C. is going to D. is arriving
二、动词填空。
1. I am afraid there ______（be）a meeting this afternoon. I can’t join you.
2. Mike ______（believe not）this until he ____（see）it with his own eyes.
3. Most of us don’t think their team _____（win）.
三、句型转换。
1. China is a modern and strong country.（in twenty years）
2. Do you study hard?（from now on）
3. She didn’t speak English at the meeting.（before long）
参考答案
一、单项选择。
1. D 2. B 3. B 4. B 5.C
6. B 7. D 8. B 9. A 10. A
11. A 12. A 13. D 14. B 15. D
二、动词填空。
1. will be
2. won’t believe ; sees
3. will win
三、句型转换。
1. China will be a modern and strong country in twenty years.
2. Will you study hard from now on?
3. She won’t speak English at the meeting before long.
