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英文外刊最酷影响力保持最久(精读外刊自然破解科技英语文章)

英文外刊最酷影响力保持最久(精读外刊自然破解科技英语文章)On 8 January NASA’s James Webb Space Telescope slowly swung the last 3 of its 18 hexagonal mirror segments into position locking them together into one 6.5-metre-wide gold-coated cosmic eye.经过几天紧张的展开和点击各部分到位,有史以来最大、最精密的太空望远镜现在已经发射完毕。Webb observatory is now officially a telescope韦伯天文台现在正式成为一个望远镜After several tense days of unfurling and clicking its various parts into place the biggest and most

英文外刊最酷影响力保持最久(精读外刊自然破解科技英语文章)(1)

本文节选自2022年1月12日发表在《Nature(自然)》NEWS ROUND-UP的Webb telescope success WHO chief and Omicron versus antibody therapies(韦伯望远镜成功,世卫组织领袖和Omicron抗体疗法)。

文章内容节选如下:

Webb telescope success WHO chief and Omicron versus antibody therapies

韦伯望远镜成功,世卫组织领袖和Omicron抗体疗法

Webb observatory is now officially a telescope

韦伯天文台现在正式成为一个望远镜

After several tense days of unfurling and clicking its various parts into place the biggest and most sophisticated space telescope ever launched is now complete.

经过几天紧张的展开和点击各部分到位,有史以来最大、最精密的太空望远镜现在已经发射完毕。

On 8 January NASA’s James Webb Space Telescope slowly swung the last 3 of its 18 hexagonal mirror segments into position locking them together into one 6.5-metre-wide gold-coated cosmic eye.

1月8日,美国宇航局的詹姆斯·韦伯太空望远镜缓慢地将18个六边形镜段中的最后3个旋转到位,将它们锁定在一个6.5米宽的镀金宇宙眼中。

The move capped an essentially flawless two weeks of engineering manoeuvres since the telescope’s 25 December launch.

自从12月25日望远镜发射以来,这一举动结束了两周基本上完美的工程操作。

therapies治疗;疗法;疗效;心理治疗;治疗力;(therapy的复数)

unfurling展开;打开;(unfurl的现在分词)

space telescope空间望远镜

swung摆动;使旋转;挥舞;甩;改变意见;(swing的过去式和过去分词);摇摆;转向

hexagonal六角形的;六边的;底面为六角的;六方

metre米;韵律;格律;节拍;…米比赛

cosmic宇宙的;无比巨大的;大得难以置信的

capped脱帽致意;给…戴帽;覆盖;加盖于;(cap的过去式和过去分词)

flawless无瑕的;无斑点的;完美的;完美无缺的;无懈可击的;性格完美无缺的

The US$10-billion observatory still has many important tasks such as calibrating its 4 scientific instruments.

耗资100亿美元的天文台仍有许多重要任务,比如校准其4个科学仪器。

But it has finished the riskiest engineering moves without which it would have been inoperable.

但它已经完成了最危险的工程动作,没有这些动作,它将无法运转。

Those include deploying a kite-shaped tennis-court-sized sunshield to shade the telescope from the Sun’s heat and positioning its primary and secondary mirrors to capture light from stars galaxies and other cosmic objects.

其中包括部署一个风筝形状、网球场大小的遮阳板,为望远镜遮挡太阳的热量,以及放置望远镜的主镜和副镜,以捕捉来自恒星、星系和其他宇宙物体的光。

Photons are now bouncing between Webb’s mirrors making it an operational observatory.

光子现在在韦伯的镜子之间跳跃,使其成为一个可操作的天文台。

“This is unbelievable ” said Bill Ochs NASA’s project manager for Webb in a 5 January webcast from mission control at the Space Telescope Science Institute in Baltimore Maryland. “We actually have a telescope.”

“这太不可思议了,”美国宇航局韦伯项目经理Bill Ochs 1月5日在马里兰州巴尔的摩太空望远镜科学研究所的任务控制网络直播中说。“我们实际上有一个望远镜。”

calibrating校准;调整;使标准化;测定口径;(calibrate的现在分词形式)

riskiest冒险的;危险的;(risky的最高级)

inoperable不宜动手术的;不能操作的;不可运作的;行不通的;不能实行的

kite风筝;纸鸢;鸢;空头支票;风筝形四边形;飞机;大三角帆;高而轻的船帆;非法(或秘密)的信件;剥削者;放风筝;开空头支票;涂改支票;飞;飞奔

galaxies银河;银河系;星系;(galaxy的复数)

photons光子;光量子;(photon的复数)

bouncing弹跳的;活跃的;遭拒付被退回的;有活力的;健康的;自信的

unbelievable不可信的;不真实的;难以置信的;特别的

webcast网上视频直播

space telescope空间望远镜

WHO chief Tedros looks guaranteed for re-election amid COVID pandemic

世卫组织总干事谭德塞有望在COVID - 19大流行期间连任

Tedros Adhanom Ghebreyesus the director-general of the World Health Organization (WHO) is all but ensured to lead the organization for a second term from 2022 to 2027 because he is the only candidate in the race.

世界卫生组织(WHO)总干事谭德塞(Tedros Adhanom Ghebreyesus)是唯一的候选人,因此几乎可以确定他将在2022年至2027年的第二任期担任该组织的领导人。

As a matter of procedure on 25 January the WHO’s executive board is expected to nominate him for re-election in May.

按照程序,世界卫生组织执行委员会预计将在1月25日提名他参加5月的连任选举。

The probable extension of his leadership occurs against the backdrop of the ongoing COVID‑19 pandemic as the health agency continues to advise countries on how to curb global devastation.

他的任期可能延长是在COVID - 19大流行正在进行的背景下发生的,因为世卫组织继续建议各国如何遏制全球破坏。

This isn’t the first time a WHO director-general has run for a second term unopposed. Typically however several countries propose candidates in the year before an election.

这不是世卫组织总干事第一次在没有对手的情况下竞选第二个任期。然而,通常有几个国家在选举前一年提出候选人。

Elections are held every five years at the World Health Assembly in May an annual meeting of delegates from WHO member states. This year Tedros is the only candidate with 28 member states backing him.

五月份的世界卫生大会每五年举行一次选举,这是世卫组织成员国代表的年度会议。今年,谭德塞是唯一的候选人,有28个成员国支持他。

re-election重选;改选;再次竞选

all but几乎;除…之外全都

for a second第二...;一会儿;片刻

nominate提名;确定;指定;任命;以种名命名的

probable可能发生的;或然的;有希望入选的人;可能已被击落的飞机

backdrop背景幕;背景;位于…后面;位于… 远处;做…的背景

devastation荒废;毁坏;极度震惊或悲伤;蹂躏

run for竞选;运行;运营

unopposed没有遭到反对的;未受挑战的

eve前夕;前夜;(Eve)人名:夏娃

China the United States and about 160 other countries did not nominate anyone.

中国、美国和其他大约160个国家没有提名任何人。

This could be a modest vote of confidence in Tedros an acknowledgement that a competitor would not prevail or a matter of pandemic practicality global-health researchers tell Nature.

全球健康研究人员告诉《自然》,这可能是对谭德塞适度的信任投票,承认竞争对手不会获胜,或者是疫情的实用性问题。

Amanda Glassman executive vice-president at the Center for Global Development in Washington DC says “Generally you don’t want to change leadership in a war.”

位于华盛顿特区的全球发展中心的执行副总裁阿曼达·格拉斯曼说:“一般来说,你不想在一场战争中改变领导层。”

Tedros won the election for director-general in 2017 becoming the first African to lead the WHO since its founding in 1948.

谭德塞在2017年赢得总干事选举,成为自1948年世卫组织成立以来首位领导该组织的非洲人。

He quickly made his mark by creating the WHO’s first science division and by expanding its programme to respond to infectious-disease outbreaks and other health emergencies.

他很快建立了世界卫生组织的第一个科学部门,并扩大了应对传染病爆发和其他突发卫生事件的计划,从而迅速成名。

nominate提名;确定;指定;任命;以种名命名的

vote of confidence信任投票

acknowledgement承认;感谢;赞赏;致谢辞;示意;确认通知

competitor竞争对手;竞争者;参赛者;比赛者

prevail占优势;占上风;获胜;盛行;流行;劝说…做某事;说服;劝服

pandemic在全国流行的;泛流行的;大流行病

practicality实际性;实用性;实践性;实际事物;实例;实用之物

Washington DC华盛顿特区

outbreaks暴力活动;疾病的爆发;突然发生;暴乱;(outbreak的复数);爆发;(outbreak的第三人称单数)

Although he has won admirers since the COVID-19 pandemic began it was not a given that Tedros would be embraced as a second-term leader.

尽管自新冠肺炎·疫情时代开始以来,他就赢得了崇拜者,但谭德塞作为第二任领导人会受到欢迎并不是必然的。

In the first year of the pandemic several leaders faulted the WHO for not being tougher with China for its lack of transparency in reporting early COVID-19 cases.

在新冠肺炎疫情爆发的第一年,一些领导人指责世卫组织没有对中国采取更强硬的态度,因为中国在报告COVID-19早期病例方面缺乏透明度。

But Tedros has also been applauded for helping to persuade the WHO’s 194 member states to move ahead with plans for a pandemic accord which would dictate how countries respond to future outbreaks.

但谭德塞也因帮助说服世卫组织194个成员国推进疫情协议计划而受到称赞,该协议将决定各国如何应对未来的疫情。

given that只要是;考虑到;鉴于

embraced信奉;拥抱;抓住(机会);包含;(embrace的过去式和过去分词)

faulted挑剔;找…的缺点;批评;做错;在…中出错;产生断层;(fault的过去式和过去分词);有毛病的;有缺点的

tougher更加艰苦的;更加强壮的;更加坚韧的;更加坚强的;更加牢固的;更加棘手的;更加粗暴的;(tough的比较级);更加顽强地;更加强硬地;更加以强硬的态度

applauded称赞;赞成;(applaud的过去式和过去分词);鼓掌欢迎

persuade说服;劝服;敦促;使相信;使信服;驱使

move ahead前进;进行;进展

dictate命令;规定;口授;决定;支配;控制;原则;标准

outbreaks暴力活动;疾病的爆发;突然发生;暴乱;(outbreak的复数);爆发;(outbreak的第三人称单数)

Omicron overpowers antibody therapies

Omicron战胜了抗体疗法

Preliminary experiments suggest that most of the antibody treatments for COVID‑19 are powerless against the Omicron variant.

初步实验表明,大多数针对COVID - 19的抗体治疗对Omicron变种都无能为力。

Doctors use artificial versions of natural antibodies to stave off severe COVID-19 in people who are infected with the coronavirus and have a high risk of severe disease or death.

医生使用天然抗体的人工版本来避免感染冠状病毒的人出现严重的新冠肺炎病,这些人患严重疾病或死亡的风险很高。

But a slew of publications posted on preprint servers report laboratory evidence that Omicron is totally or partially resistant to all currently available treatments based on these monoclonal antibodies.

但是在预印本服务器上发布的大量出版物报告了实验室证据,表明Omicron对目前所有基于这些单克隆抗体的治疗方法都有完全或部分耐药性。

The publications have not yet been peer reviewed but some of the companies that manufacture antibody therapies already concede that their products have lower potency against Omicron than against other variants.

这些出版物尚未经过同行审查,但一些生产抗体疗法的公司已经承认,他们的产品对Omicron的效力低于对其他变体的效力。

The preprints report that only two antibodies show strong evidence of retaining some ability to thwart the variant: sotrovimab developed by Vir Biotechnology in San Francisco California and GSK headquartered in London; and DXP-604 which is undergoing clinical trials in China and was developed by BeiGene and Singlomics both based in Beijing.

预印本报告显示,只有两种抗体显示出有强有力的证据可以保留某些能力来挫败这种变体:sotrovimab,由加州旧金山的Vir生物技术公司和总部位于伦敦的GSK公司开发;DXP-604,由总部位于北京的百济神州和Singlomics研发,目前正在中国进行临床试验。

powerless无能为力的;无影响力的;无权力的

stave off避开;延缓

coronavirus冠状病毒;日冕形病毒

a slew of大量;一系列;一批

preprint预印本;预行刊物;预印

concede承认…为事实;放弃;让与;拱手让出;认;承认;承认(比赛;竞赛)失败;给予;赋予

potency威力;影响;性交能力;潜力;药效;潜能;发育能力

preprints出版前的非正式样本;(preprint的复数)

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针对英语而言,无论是为了提高英语水平还是备考任何英语考试,英美外刊都应该是列为首选的最重要的学习资料。当我们真正深入去精读过英美外刊,不仅可以了解英语国家的文化,增长我们的见识,对于英语学习来说,还能够积累以英语为母语者的常用词汇,短语和句型。

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学习路径建议:金句记忆——关键词学习——拓展词汇训练——触类旁通——举一反三。

温馨提示:阅读完看着中文译文自己动手翻译出英文,然后将您译的英文与原文进行对比,以此来提升英文表达和句子结构的准确性和地道性。

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