战国春秋古玉的特征（精品推荐商周战国珍藏）

战国春秋古玉的特征（精品推荐商周战国珍藏）方鼎20*20*15商周碧玉方鼎。尊盘通体用陶范浑铸而成，尊足等附件为另行铸造，然后用铅锡合金，“曾侯乙”铜尊盘 与尊体焊在一起。尊颈附饰是由繁复而有序的镂空纹样构成，属于熔模铸件。其出土时尊置于盘上拆开来是两件器物，极其别致。尊敞口，呈喇叭状，宽厚的外沿翻折，下垂，上饰玲珑剔透的蟠虺透空花纹，形似朵朵云彩上下叠置。尊颈部饰蕉叶形蟠虺纹，蕉叶向上舒展，与颈顶微微外张的弧线相搭配，和谐又统一。在尊颈与腹之间加饰四条圆雕豹形伏兽，躯体由透雕的蟠螭纹构成，兽沿尊颈向上攀爬，回首吐舌，长舌垂卷如钩。尊腹、高足皆饰细密的蟠虺纹，其上加饰高浮雕虬龙四条，层次丰富，主次分明。盘直壁平底，四龙形蹄足口沿上附有四只方耳，皆饰蟠虺纹，与尊口风格相同。四耳下各有两条扁形镂空夔龙，龙首下垂。四龙之间各有一圆雕式蟠龙，首伏于口沿，与盘腹蟠虺纹相互呼应，从而突破了满饰蟠螭纹常有的滞塞、僵硬感。尊和盘上均有铭文显示，其

曾侯乙尊盘，是周王族诸侯国中曾国国君曾侯乙的青铜器， 属战国早期。中国首批禁止出国（境）展览文物。1978年在湖北随州市擂鼓墩曾侯乙墓中出土，收藏于湖北省博物馆。

尊盘直径60多公分。高度50多公分。是春秋战国时期最复杂、最精美的青铜器件。

曾侯乙尊盘

曾侯乙尊盘装饰纷繁复杂，铜尊上是用34个部件，经过56处铸接、焊接而连成一体，尊体上装饰着28条蟠龙和32条蟠螭，颈部刻有“曾侯乙作持用终”7字铭文。铜盘盘体上共装饰了56条蟠龙和48条蟠螭，盘内底刻有“曾侯乙作持用终”7字铭文。

尊盘通体用陶范浑铸而成，尊足等附件为另行铸造，然后用铅锡合金，“曾侯乙”铜尊盘 与尊体焊在一起。尊颈附饰是由繁复而有序的镂空纹样构成，属于熔模铸件。

其出土时尊置于盘上拆开来是两件器物，极其别致。尊敞口，呈喇叭状，宽厚的外沿翻折，下垂，上饰玲珑剔透的蟠虺透空花纹，形似朵朵云彩上下叠置。尊颈部饰蕉叶形蟠虺纹，蕉叶向上舒展，与颈顶微微外张的弧线相搭配，和谐又统一。在尊颈与腹之间加饰四条圆雕豹形伏兽，躯体由透雕的蟠螭纹构成，兽沿尊颈向上攀爬，回首吐舌，长舌垂卷如钩。尊腹、高足皆饰细密的蟠虺纹，其上加饰高浮雕虬龙四条，层次丰富，主次分明。盘直壁平底，四龙形蹄足口沿上附有四只方耳，皆饰蟠虺纹，与尊口风格相同。四耳下各有两条扁形镂空夔龙，龙首下垂。四龙之间各有一圆雕式蟠龙，首伏于口沿，与盘腹蟠虺纹相互呼应，从而突破了满饰蟠螭纹常有的滞塞、僵硬感。尊和盘上均有铭文显示，其为曾侯乙生前用器，故专家们将其命名为曾侯乙尊和曾侯乙盘，合称曾侯乙尊盘。是春秋战国时期最复杂、最精美的青铜器件，此尊品品相完美，具有不可估量的收藏价值。

方鼎，是商代时期的器物，该鼎立耳、方唇、折沿、深腹、柱足。口沿下装饰雷纹衬地的饕餮纹带，口略大于底，柱足粗壮，足上部浅浮雕饕餮纹，鼎四角皆饰扉棱。整体造型匀称，纹饰精美。此鼎腹内长壁及底铸有长篇铭文，记述了赏赐给右正贝二百朋，为了纪念自己母亲，同事也是夸示这种荣耀，请人铸造了这尊方鼎。是商王武丁时期有着与妇好一样权威的女人。在商担任右正之职，文献记载有大正、小正、左正，唯独没有右正，铭文的发现又为商代职官制度作了填补。从已知的考古发现来看，方鼎规格较高，其主人都是高级贵族。

商周碧玉方鼎。

方鼎20*20*15

墨玉，是一种珍贵而稀有的自然资源，产于新疆维吾尔自治区和田县的墨玉，其色重质腻，纹理细致，漆黑如墨，光洁可爱，极负盛名，其硬度为Mohs4o左右，素为治砚、刀工之上佳珍料，古人将其与钻石、宝石、和田墨玉并称为“贵美石”。墨玉，指的是和田玉中的一个名贵品种，它具备和田玉的优秀品质，坚致温润，其中纯漆黑如墨者，其漆黑如墨，色重质腻，纹理细致，光洁典雅。

此鼎为墨玉材质，可见包浆温润，而玉为礼器之首，此方鼎纹饰精美，工艺精湛，具有极高的收藏价值。

1978年，河南省南阳市淅川县下寺楚墓中出土一套7件用失蜡法铸造的列鼎，造型装饰艺术相同，大小依次排列，其中最大的一件是王子午鼎。鼎通高76厘米，口径66厘米，侈口、束腰、鼓腹、平底、三蹄形足，口沿上有两外侈的长方形耳，旁边攀附6条龙形兽，腹部满浮雕的攀龙和窃曲、弦纹。内腹及底和盖内均铸有相同的铭文。王子午鼎是楚庄王之子、楚共王的兄弟、曾任楚国令伊（宰相）之职的王子午（又名子庾）的器物，中有确切的人名与地名。王子午鼎成为研究楚文化的标准器。

王子午鼎

直径30公分左右。高度30公分左右

简 介：王子午鼎宽体、束腰、平底、斜立式耳，口部有一周厚边，器身周围有六个浮雕夔龙作攀附状，兽口咬着鼎的口沿，足抓着鼎的腰箍，使鼎在香烟缭绕中有升腾的感觉。鼎盖作平顶微弧， 有圜形钮。盖、颈、腹内壁均铸铭文，腹铭84字，记述王子午作器的用途和歌颂自己的功德。 王子午鼎系分铸后焊接而成，采用了榫卯、中介物等新型构思，技艺之高超，在当时的世界范围内，是第一流的水平。 王子午鼎具独特的楚式风格，造型呈平底束腰形，很容易让人联想到“楚王好细腰”的故事。环绕鼎腹的六条立体怪兽，各由两条夔龙蜷曲盘绕而成，是采用失蜡法分别铸出，然后焊接于鼎身的，显示了很高的铸造水准。在细部装饰上采用浮雕、立雕、分铸、榫卯、焊接等技术。优美的造型、精细的纹饰、浪漫奇诡的题材，正是楚国文化艺术的突出特征。长篇铭文表达了对先祖的追思，叙说了王子午自己施德政于民的业绩，并教育子孙须以此为准则。全文语词流畅押韵，是楚国青铜器上不多见的长篇美文，具有重要的史料价值。此外，铭文用鸟篆书写，有中国最早的“美术字”之誉。王子午鼎是春秋时期楚国的青铜器，墓中出土了一组共七件铜鼎，鼎上铭刻有“王子午”字样，七鼎由大到小排列，称为列鼎，此器是其中最大的一件。

鼎为中国古代炊食器。中国鼎文化的起源可以一直追溯到原始社会新石器时代，早在7000多年前就出现了陶制的鼎。而其真正的发展最高峰则出现在商朝和西周时期，尤其是商代以鼎为代表的祭祀用容器的制作，盛行于商周时期，延续到汉代。在奴隶制鼎盛时代，被用作“别上下，明贵贱”，是一种标明身份等级的重要礼器。文献记载：“天子九鼎，诸侯七鼎，大夫五鼎，元士三鼎或一鼎”，又载“铸九鼎，像九州”。又有成语一言九鼎、问鼎中原、三足鼎立等。青铜鼎的前身是原始社会的陶鼎，本来是日用的饮食容器，后来发展成祭祀天帝和祖先的“神器”，并被笼罩上一层神秘而威严的色彩。在古代 鼎是贵族身份的代表。典籍载有天子九鼎、诸侯七鼎、大夫五鼎、元士三鼎或一鼎的用鼎制度。此外，鼎也是国家政权的象征，《左传》有载：“桀有昏德，鼎迁于商；商纣暴虐，鼎迁于周”。鼎大多为三足圆形。（王子午鼎便是最负盛名的三足圆鼎）此藏品可谓传世之宝，无法用金钱衡量，具有不可估量的收藏价值。

英文翻译：Zeng Hou Yi Zunpan is a bronze ware made by Zeng Hou Yi the sovereign of the state of The Zhou royal family belonging to the early Warring States period. Exhibition of cultural relics abroad is forbidden in China. In 1978 it was unearthed in the tomb of Marquis Yi of Zeng in Leigudun Suizhou City Hubei Province and collected in hubei Provincial Museum.

The diameter of the disc is more than 60 cm. The height is more than 50 cm. It is the most complex and exquisite bronze ware of the Spring and Autumn period and the Warring States Period.

Marquis Zeng yi zun plate

The decoration of Zeng Hou Yi zun plate is complicated 34 parts are used on the copper zun after 56 casting welding and connected into a whole zun body is decorated with 28 dragon and 32 dragon the neck engraved with "Zeng Hou Yi as the end of the use" 7 word inscription. The copper plate is decorated with 56 coiled-dragons and 48 coiled-chi and the bottom of the plate is engraved with the seven-word inscription "Zeng Hou Yi as the final bearer".

The whole body is cast with pottery and the accessories such as the foot are cast separately and then made of lead tin alloy "Marquis Yi" copper disc and the body are welded together. Neck decoration is composed of complicated and orderly hollow pattern belonging to investment casting.

When it was unearthed the statue was placed on the plate to open two pieces of utensils extremely unique. Zun open horn shaped wide outer edge folded pendulous decorated with exquisite pan cobra translucent pattern like clouds stacked up and down. The neck is decorated with banana leaf - shaped cobras. The banana leaf stretches upward and matches with the slightly outward arc of the neck top which is harmonious and unified. Between the neck and belly were decorated four round leopard-shaped beasts whose bodies were made of carved pig-like patterns. They climbed up along the neck and spit out their long tongues which hung down like hooks. The abdomen and high feet are all decorated with close coils and asps and the four high reliefs of Qiu Long are decorated on them with rich levels and distinct priorities. Straight wall flat bottom four dragon shaped feet along the mouth with four ears all decorated with fan and asps the same style as the mouth. Four ears under each of the two flat hollow kui dragon dragon head sagging. Each of the four dragons has a carved coiling dragon with its head resting on the edge of its mouth which is echoed by the coiling cobras and cobras thus breaking through the usual stagnation and stiffness of the coiling coiling dragons. There are inscriptions on the statue and the plate show that it was used by Zeng Hou Yi before his death so experts named it zeng Hou Yi zun and Zeng Hou Yi Pan collectively known as Zeng Hou Yi Zun Pan. It is the most complex and exquisite bronze ware in the Spring and Autumn period and the Warring States Period. It has perfect appearance and immeasurable collection value.

The square tripod an instrument of the Shang Dynasty has its ears square lips folded edges deep belly and column feet. The mouth is slightly larger than the bottom. The column feet are thick and strong. The upper part of the foot is covered with bas-relief glutie patterns. The overall shape is well-proportioned and the decoration is exquisite. There are long inscriptions on the inner wall and bottom of the tripod which record that it was awarded to youzheng Bei 200 friends. In order to commemorate his mother and his colleagues also boast of this glory they asked someone to cast this square tripod. She was a woman with the same authority as Fu Hao during the reign of King Wuding of the Shang Dynasty. In the Shang dynasty there are records of dazheng Xiaozheng and Zuozheng but there is no Zuzheng. The discovery of inscriptions has filled in the official system of the Shang Dynasty. From the known archaeological findings the size of the square ding was relatively high and its owners were all high-ranking nobles.

Shang and Zhou jasper square tripod.

20 * 20 * 15 square

Black jade is a kind of precious and rare natural resources which are found in hetian county xinjiang uygur autonomous region of mo its color heavy greasy texture meticulous black as ink bright and lovely and very prestigious its hardness is about Mohs4o element of hong yan knife well Jane expected the ancients with diamond ruby hotan mo and referred to as "your beauty stone". Black jade refers to a rare variety of Hetian jade it has the excellent quality of Hetian jade firm and warm which is pure dark as ink the dark as ink heavy and greasy color fine texture smooth and elegant.

The tripod is made of black jade so it can be seen that the pulp is warm and moist and the jade is the first sacrificial vessel. The square tripod is decorated with exquisite patterns and exquisite workmanship and has a high collection value.

In 1978 a set of seven tripods cast with lost wax were unearthed from the Tomb of Chu in Xiasi Xichuan County Nanyang City Henan Province. They had the same decorative art in shape and were arranged in order of size. The largest one was wang Ziwu tripod. Ding Tong is 76 centimeters high and 66 centimeters in diameter. It has a tiny mouth waist belly flat bottom and three-hoofed feet. There are two giant rectangular ears along the mouth and six dragon-shaped beasts are mounted beside it. The inner belly bottom and lid are cast with the same inscription. Wang Ziwu ding is an artifact of Wang Ziwu (also known as Ziyu) son of King Zhuang of Chu and brother of King Gong of Chu who served as prime minister of Ling Yi of The State of Chu. It contains the exact name and place. Wang Ziwu ding became the standard instrument for studying chu culture.

Wang Ziwu Tripod: about 30 cm in diameter. The height is about 30 cm

Wang Ziwu tripod has a wide body waist flat bottom slanting and vertical ears. The mouth has a one-week thick edge and there are six relief dragons around the body in the shape of climbing. The animal's mouth bites the edge of the tripod's mouth and its feet hold the waist hoop so that the tripod has the feeling of rising in the air of cigarettes. Tripod cover for flat top micro arc a huan-shaped knob. Inscriptions were cast on the cover neck and inner abdominal wall with 84 characters on the abdomen describing the use of wang Zi's wares and praising his own merits. Wang Ziwu ding is made by casting and welding. It adopts new ideas such as tenon and tenon joints and intermediate materials. It is a first-class level in the world at that time. Wang Ziwu tripod has a unique Chu style the shape is flat waist shape it is easy to remind people of the "Chu king good waist" story. The six three-dimensional monsters around the belly of the tripod are each made of two kuilong crouching coils. They are cast separately by using the lost wax method and then welded into the tripod body showing a very high casting level. In the details of the decoration the use of relief vertical carving sub-casting tenon and mortise welding and other technologies. Beautiful shapes fine ornamentation and romantic and strange themes are the outstanding features of Chu culture and art. The lengthy inscription expresses the memory of the ancestors recounts wang Ziwu's own achievements in administering virtue to the people and teaches his descendants to follow this principle. The full text is fluent in words and rhymes. It is a long beautiful article rarely seen on the bronze wares of Chu Dynasty and has important historical value. In addition the inscriptions are written in the bird seal script which is known as the earliest "calligraphy character" in China. Wang Ziwu ding is a bronze ware from the State of Chu during the Spring and Autumn Period. A group of seven bronze ding pieces were unearthed in the tomb inscribed with the words "Wang Ziwu". The seven ding pieces are arranged from large to small which is called Liding.

Ding is an ancient Cooking vessel in China. The origin of Chinese tripod culture can be traced back to the Neolithic Age of primitive society as early as 7 000 years ago there were pottery tripods. The peak of its real development occurred in the Shang dynasty and the Western Zhou Dynasty especially the making of sacrificial vessels represented by the ding in the Shang Dynasty which prevailed in the Shang and Zhou dynasties and continued to the Han Dynasty. In the heyday of slavery it was used as an important ritual to mark one's status. The documents record: "Nine tripods for the emperor seven tripods for princes five tripods for officials three tripods or one tripod for scholars of the Yuan Dynasty" and "nine tripods were cast like jiuzhou". There are also idioms a word and nine tripods the central Plains for tripods tripods and so on. The bronze tripod the predecessor of the pottery tripod in primitive society was originally a daily food container and later developed into a "sacred vessel" for offering sacrifices to the Emperor of Heaven and ancestors and was shrouded in a layer of mystery and majesty. In ancient times ding was a representative of noble status. The records contain the system of using nine tripods for emperor seven tripods for princes five tripods for doctors and three tripods for scholars of Yuan or one tripod. In addition ding was also a symbol of state power. It is recorded in Zuo Zhuan: "Jie was dethroned and ding was transferred to Shang. Zhou became the king of the Shang Dynasty. Most of the tripods are round. (Wang Ziwu ding is the most famous tripod round ding) This collection can be described as a treasure handed down from generation to generation can not be measured with money with immeasurable collection value.