黄山历代题字（风华正安徽画说黄山）

小君 2023-06-24 08:05:30 871

黄山历代题字（风华正安徽画说黄山）A panoramic view of Huangshan黄山市风光“无徽不成商、无徽不成镇” 这里是中国古代四大商帮之首的徽商故里。“一生痴绝处，无梦到徽州 ”，是明代著名戏剧家汤显祖留下的千古绝唱。“你们要有点雄心壮志，把黄山的牌子打出去!”这里是中国现代旅游的发祥地。

黄山历代题字（风华正安徽画说黄山）(1)

黄山历代题字（风华正安徽画说黄山）(2)

FLOURISHING ANHUI 风华正安徽

一生痴绝处无梦到徽州

I would have never dreamt of Huizhou being my dream land

黄山历代题字（风华正安徽画说黄山）(3)

“八山一水一分田”，这里是一个山丘屏列岭谷交错的山区。前身是徽州地区，有着2300多年历史，建市于1987年底，至今才31年，这是一个古老而年轻的城市。

“无徽不成商、无徽不成镇” 这里是中国古代四大商帮之首的徽商故里。

“一生痴绝处，无梦到徽州 ”，是明代著名戏剧家汤显祖留下的千古绝唱。

“你们要有点雄心壮志，把黄山的牌子打出去!”这里是中国现代旅游的发祥地。

黄山历代题字（风华正安徽画说黄山）(4)

黄山市风光

A panoramic view of Huangshan

。。。。

That " 80 percent is mountainous area 10 percent water area and 10 percent paddy field " is the practical description of the peaky land of former Huizhou Prefecture that had a history of more than 2 300 years the city status was charted only 22 years ago at the end of 1987. Huangshan is a young city that inherits a brilliant history.

" No Hui merchants no business and no town is prosperous without Hui merchants" . Hui merchants one of the four ancient merchant groups originated from this area.

" I would have never dreamt of Huizhou being my dream land " this is the acclaimed verse left by Tang Xianzu a famous dramatist in the Ming Dynasty.

" You should be ambitious and promote Mt. Huangshan to the world!" Hence this area became the birthplace of modern Chinese tourism.

迹因人重，人因地传

Famous places and famous people

黄山历代题字（风华正安徽画说黄山）(5)

始信峰晨曦

Shixin Peak in the morning sun

旧时，黄山一直藏在深闺人未识，在距离东海400公里的大山腹地，游人罕至，却有一个个文人名士为黄山挥笔泼墨，李白、陶行知、郭沫若、胡适、朱熹……

黄山北门，芙蓉峰下，一人一骑，李白面对千峰竞列、万笏朝天的气势，叹道：“素手把芙蓉，虚步蹑太清。霓裳曳广带，飘拂升天行。”

黄山历代题字（风华正安徽画说黄山）(6)

云雾中的黄山奇峰

Peaks amidst clouds

明代大旅行家徐霞客曾两次登临黄山，赞叹道：“薄海内外无如徽之黄山，登黄山天下无山，观止矣！”后人据此概括为“五岳归来不看山，黄山归来不看岳”。

“不求闻达，一室之外，山水而已。”在明末清初创建“黄山画派”的艺术大师们，一洗当时“临古”、“仿古”的流弊，重新摆正了绘画艺术的源、流关系。渐江、梅清、石涛、黄宾虹……这些黄山画派代表人物，以凝重简练的笔墨，明快秀丽的构图，清高悲壮的风格，深沉宏达的画意，在画坛独树一帜。

黄山历代题字（风华正安徽画说黄山）(7)

云雾缭绕的山谷

Misty valleys

1979年，邓小平一边品着黄山毛峰茶，一边与大家亲切交谈。“你们这里物产很丰富，祁红世界有名，你们这个地方将是全国最富的地方，黄山就是你们发财地方。”“你们要有点雄心壮志，把黄山的牌子打出去 !”

今日，黄山被世人誉为“人间仙境”、“天下第一奇山”。以奇松、怪石、云海、温泉、冬雪“五绝”搜尽天下奇景，揽遍世界游客。

黄山历代题字（风华正安徽画说黄山）(8)

银装素裹的黄山风景区

Mt. Huangshan scenic area after snow

。。。。

In the old days Mt. Huangshan was relatively unknown to people because it hid in the mountainous hinterland 400 kilometers from the coastal area of the East China Sea and only a few people would like to visit it. However there were still some literati who wrote about the mountain including Li Bai Tao Xingzhi Guo Moruo Hu Shi and Zhu Xi.

Li Bai，a famous poet in the Tang Dynasty once visited Mt. Huangshan. When facing the enchanting landscape and numerous peaks at the foot of Furong Peak he exclaimed that he was ascending to a fairy land atop the mountain.

Xu Xiake a great traveler in the Ming Dynasty visited Mt. Huangshan twice. He showered the place with praise proclaiming that no mountains in the world could compete with it. His verses were later converted into " Mt. Huangshan belittles the five famous mountains in China" .

" We do not seek fame and wealth what we like most is the landscape outside the window." The masters of art who created the Huangshan Painting Genre at the end of the Ming and early Qing dynasties streamlined the relationship between " originality " and " creativity " and made many unique and excellent artworks. The representative figures in this art genre include Jian Jiang Mei Qing Shi Tao and Huang Binhong.

While enjoying the Huangshan Maofeng tea Deng Xiaoping chatted cordially with local people " you have products in abundance here and Keemun black tea is world famous. Mt. Huangshan is where you can get rich. You should be ambitious and promote the mountain to the world! "

Today Mt. Huangshan is known as a "wonderland on earth" and "the most amazing mountain in the world". Featuring wondrous pines bizarre rocks sea of clouds hot springs and winter snow views Mt. Huangshan is appealing to tourists all over the world.

卜水而居，山水画廊

Living by water in a landscape gallery

黄山历代题字（风华正安徽画说黄山）(9)

新安江风光

Scenery of the Xin'an River

古徽州人卜水而居，新安江作为徽州的母亲河，润万物而不争，以自己的绵延浩淼哺育了博大精深的徽文化。新安江山水画廊作为新安江的精华部分，风景名胜皆可入诗入画，民风民俗别有一番风情。

新安江山水画廊景区位于中国历史文化名城歙县境内，上起南源口、下止街口镇，蜿蜒百里。两岸生态环境极佳，呈现高山林、中山茶、低山果、水中鱼的立体生态格局。与掩映其间的粉墙黛瓦的古村落、古民居交相辉映，是画里青山，水中乡村，一年四季，景色各异，素有“东方多瑙河之称”的新安江穿行而过，似一幅流动的山水画卷，故称之为新安江百里画廊。

顺江而下，沿岸点缀着“千年古樟”、“三潭枇杷”、“三口蜜橘”、深渡古埠、九砂古村、新杨村民居、古老作坊、凤凰岛及农家乐景点，绵潭徽戏，十里红妆、鱼鹰捕鱼、枇杷、杨梅、柑橘、茶叶采摘、养蚕、榨油、磨豆浆等项目让人流连忘返。

近年来，黄山市深入实施新安江流域综合治理，积极构建市场化、多元化的生态补偿长效机制。落实最严格的环境保护制度和生态环境损害责任终身追究制，严守生态保护红线、永久基本农田红线、城镇开发边界，统筹山水林田湖草系统治理，让这里的河流清澈如镜、大地绿草如茵、山坡森林如屏、空气清新如洗。

游新安山水，探徽风古韵，寻徽商足迹，赏新安春色，采三潭枇杷，听绵潭古戏，观十里红妆，围千年古樟，看鱼鹰捕鱼，吃农家土菜，尝风味小吃，购新安特产……让人流连于徽州，触及这座古老城市的灵魂。

黄山历代题字（风华正安徽画说黄山）(10)

春到新安江

Xin'an River in spring

。。。。

Ancient Huizhou people lived by waters and the Xin'an River is the mother river of the prefecture that has nurtured the profound Huizhou culture. The landscape gallery is the highlight of the river where all the scenes are good for painting and poetry and the folk tradition and customs are quite different from others.

Spanning about 50 kilometers the landscape gallery is located in Shexian a famous city in China with a long history and rich culture heritages. The ecological environment along this section of the river is fairly desirable showing a vertical ecological pattern of mountain top forest mountain waist tea plantations mountain foot fruit orchards and fish in the water with time-honored dwellings dotted there and here. The scenery changes with the seasons and it is really like a painting of mountains andwaters in flowing.

Along the river you will see the millennial camphor loquat and orange orchards ancient ferry Jiusha ancient village dwellings in Xinyang Village old workshop Phoenix Island and places of agritainment. Things are unforgettable including Hui Opera local wedding ceremony fishing of osprey various fruits tea picking silkworm rearing oil extraction and soya-bean grinding. After visiting the Xin'an River a planning expert with the World Tourism Organization spoke highly of the place saying " it is really beautiful and this is the right place for an ecological tour! "

In recent years Huangshan has carried out extensive treatment to the Xin'an River Basin and set up a long-term market-oriented and multi-functional ecological compensation mechanism. The city has implemented the most stringent environmental protection mechanism in history and a life-long accountability system for ecological environmental damage. As a result the waters here become lucid the land green and the air fresh and crisp.

Touring amidst the Xin'an landscape exploring ancient traditions following the footprints of Huizhou merchants enjoying the spring views picking loquat appreciating ancient operas watching local wedding ceremony seeing the ancient camphor observing osprey fishing tasting local dishes and featured snacks and bringing home local specialties etc. It is safe to say that Huizhou is a memorable place where you can touch the soul of the ancient city.

山水育人，徽商故里

Hometown of Hui merchants is a land cultivating businessmen

红顶巨商胡雪岩，徽墨名家胡开文，茶商胡炳衡，徽商工业创始人胡练九，“上交天子，藏镪百万”号称江南首富、显赫一时的大徽商鲍志道……明清时期出现了“无徽不成镇”的盛况。“两淮八总商，邑人恒占其四”传颂一时。

徽商与牌坊，又有着千丝万缕的联系。

古徽州的牌坊很多，一座座牌坊，用徽州山里特有的花岗岩和青岗岩精雕细琢堆砌而成。有的孤孤零零，突兀地架在村口街旁路边，有的相拥成群，在山野里耸立，一路比肩而去。

据说，徽州原有牌坊 1000 多座，经过千百年来的风雨剥蚀、战乱损毁，现今尚存百余座。歙县的许国石坊和棠樾牌坊群可谓是徽州牌坊的代表作。

西递、宏村背倚秀美青山，清流抱村穿户，数百幢明清时期的民居建筑静静伫立。高大奇伟的马头墙有骄傲睥睨的表情，也有跌窍飞扬的韵致；灰白的屋壁被时间涂划出斑驳的线条，更显凝重、沉静。

黄山历代题字（风华正安徽画说黄山）(11)

徽州牌坊

Archways in Huizhou

。。。。

It is said that during the Ming and Qing dynasties Hui merchants had business in every town in China. The representative figures include Hu Xueyan who had an official appointment Hu Kaiwen a skilled maker of Hui Ink Sticks Hu Bingheng a big tea dealer Hu Lianjiu founder of Huizhou Merchant Industry and Bao Zhidao who even had easy access to the emperor.

Hui merchants contributed a lot to the building of memorial archways.

In ancient Huizhou there were many archways made of granite and Qinggang rock from nearby mountains some standing lonely in front of a village or at the entrance of a street and some in cluster or in line in the field.

There were more than 1 000 archways in Huizhou and now only about 100 stand. The Xuguo Memorial Archway in Shexian and the Archway Group in Tangyue are masterpieces of the Huizhou archways.

In the beautiful natural settings are Xidi and Hongcun villages which stand silently over 100 local dwellings dating back to the Ming and Qing dynasties featuring high horse-head walls (stepped gables) black tiles and white walls.

旅游经济，业态蓬勃

Tourism economy in prosperity

黄山历代题字（风华正安徽画说黄山）(12)

黄山市屯溪老街

Tunxi Old Street of Huangshan city

黄山市委市政府始终坚持“以旅游经济为中心”的发展战略，2017年，黄山市旅游共接待游客5777.18万人次，旅游总收入506.11亿元，入境游客237.59万人次，创汇7.5亿美元。

黄山现有世界级桂冠3顶：世界文化与自然双遗产、世界地质公园（黄山）、世界文化遗产（西递和宏村）。国家级桂冠9大类共114个：风景名胜区3处（黄山、齐云山、渐江）、自然保护区 2处（牯牛降、清凉峰）、森林公园3处（徽州、黄山、齐云山）、地质公园3处（黄山、齐云山、牯牛降）；国家A级以上景区47家52处……

黄山全市有105个行政村从事乡村旅游接待，超过10万农民从事以旅游为主的第三产业，成了环黄山乡村旅游圈、沿新安江乡村旅游带、古徽州乡村旅游片 3 个功能板块的乡村旅游区和景观依托型、农事参与型、文化体验型、休闲度假型 4 种类型的乡村旅游发展模式。

近年来，黄山市旅游发展着力丰富新兴业态。推出猪栏酒吧、法国家庭旅馆、清溪涵月等百余家“田园风光文化村落乡居生活”的徽州精品民宿，积极构建温泉养生、旅居养老等休闲产品体系，打造屯溪老街、黎阳IN巷、湖边古村落等一批特色街区，不断满足休闲消费快速增长需求。

黄山历代题字（风华正安徽画说黄山）(13)

老街上的舞龙表演

Dragon dance in the old street

。。。。

The CPC Huangshan Municipal Committee and Huangshan Municipal People’s Government have always adhered to the development strategy with focus on improving tourism economy. In 2017 Huangshan treated almost 58 million visitors earning over 50 billion yuan; inbound foreign tourists totaled up to almost 2.38 million earning 750 million US dollars.

Huangshan has three world-class tourist attractions: Mt. Huangshan which is a world cultural and natural heritage site in addition to being known as a world geological park and Xidi and Hongcun villages which are two world cultural heritage sites. It also has 114 national tourist attractions in nine categories three tourist attractions are Mt. Huangshan Mt. Qiyun and Jianjiang two natural reserves Guniujiang and Qingliangfeng three forest parks Huizhou Mt. Huangshan and Mt. Qiyun three geoparks Mt. Huangshan Mt. Qiyun and Guniujiang and 52 national A and above rated scenic areas under 47 administration units.

There are 105 administrative villages and more than 100 000 farmers of the city engaged in rural tourism and tertiary industry related to tourism. Now the rural tourism area has three functioning sectors: the tourism circle around Mt.Huangshan the tourism belt along the Xin’an River and the tourism area of the ancient Huizhou Prefecture seat. The development falls into the following four patterns: scenic area-related farming-related culture-related and leisure-related.

In recent years Huangshan City has focused its tourism development on enriching new business formats. It has promoted over 100 boutique homestay places that features “idyllic scenery cultural village rural life”. In addition its has actively improved on its hot-spring regimen tour-living for the retired and other leisure tourism facilities as well as upgrading a group of featured street blocks to meet the fast growing demand of the people in leisure and relaxation tourism.

古民居保护，文脉传承

Protecting ancient dwellings and passing down culture inheritance

黄山历代题字（风华正安徽画说黄山）(14)

徽州古建筑上精致的木雕

Delicate wood carvings on historic architecture Huizhou

近年来，黄山市在实施古建筑保护利用过程中，始终坚持法律法规先行，寻求完善政策支撑，不断完善健全机制，制定出台了《黄山市古村落保护利用暂行办法》、《黄山市古民居认领保护利用暂行办法》等10个规范性文件，对涉及抢修、迁移、认领、土地转让、房屋登记、资金支持、相关程序等作出明确规定。黄山市获得地方立法权后，出台了《黄山市徽州古建筑保护条例》，使得黄山市的政策法规体系更加完善。

同时，积极探索新的古建筑保护利用方式，以徽州文化生态保护区建设为平台，积极构建政府主导、社会参与、市场运作的文化遗产保护利用体制。

黄山市通过实施“百村千幢”古民居保护利用、徽州古建筑保护等一批重大工程，努力把文化资源优势转化为产业发展优势，取得了显著成效。“百村千幢”工程完成了101个古村落的规划

编制，实施了101个古村落和1325幢古民居的保护利用工作，认租、认领、认购古民居467幢。

通过试点探索产权流转，建立古民居产权流转交易信息平台，在全省创新开展古民居产权规范流转试点，通过集中收储古民居、对上申请报批、按规拍挂出让、规划公示实施“四步走”程序，目前已规范流转古民居38幢。

积极实施国家样板工程，徽州区呈坎以列入国家文物维修保护样板工程为契机，探索创建南方片古建筑保护利用标准。2013年1月，国家文物局在全国范围内遴选3处“国保”单位作为文物维修保护标准化示范工程，呈坎村位列其中。目前，呈坎古民居保护工程已完成一、二期 17 幢古民居修缮并通过省局验收。国家文物局希望通过对呈坎村程春光宅等古民居的重点维修保护，探索全国古民居保护利用模式，建立一套科学严谨的南方片古民居维修标准，争取将呈坎村古建筑群打造成全国古民居维修保护样板工程，在全国起示范引领作用。

古村落古民居保护利用是生态效益、社会效益、经济效益的高度统一。一批古村古镇、历史文化街区经过全面整治，带动了生态修复、环境整治、基础设施建设、文化旅游服务设施建设，村容村貌街区得到明显改善；不少徽州古民居修复之后，有的成了乡村民间非遗项目演示复活场所，有的打造成民宿、客栈、茶吧、酒吧，有的辟为老年协会活动中心和村民议事场所，有的办成了农家书屋、综合文化站等，既传承了徽州文脉，又丰富了村民文化生活，适应了现代文明发展需要。

黄山历代题字（风华正安徽画说黄山）(15)

歙县古城阳和门城楼

Yanghe Gate Tower of the ancient Shexian County

。。。。

Huangshan City has constantly adhered to laws and regulations and continuously improved policy support and management mechanism in protecting and utilizing ancient buildings. It has formulated 10 normative documents for the purpose. After it was authorized with local legislative power the city promulgated and disseminated Regulations on Protection of Huizhou Ancient Architectures in Huangshan City which has further improved the policy and regulation system of the city.

At the same time the city explores new ways to protect and utilize ancient buildings and has set up a cultural heritage protection and utilization system that encourages public funding and market-oriented operation under the leadership of the government.

Through some major projects Huangshan City has successfully transformed advantages of cultural resources into industrial development. Statistics show that plans for 101 ancient villages have been completed; 1 325 historic dwellings have been well protected and utilized; 467 buildings have been leased out adopted or sold out for better protection; and 964 businesses in 19 formats have been created. The total amount of government expenditure and investment has accumulated up to 6 039 million yuan.

With the experience of pilot projects the city takes the lead in Anhui in establishing an information platform for property right transfer of the historic dwellings. Based on the procedures of batched buy-in auction sales after approval and soliciting public opinions on planning the city has 38 dwellings successfully transferred.

In January 2013 the State Administration of Cultural Heritage selected nationwide three units as standardization demo projects for cultural heritage maintenance and protection. Chengkan Village succeeded in the competition. After that the city actively explored new ways to protect and utilize the ancient buildings in southern China. Now the village has completed the renovation of 17 dwellings in the first two phases of the protection project and passed acceptance check at provincial level. The state administration hopes to set up a scientific and standard mode for the protection and utilization of ancient dwellings and the city will strive to make the Chengkan project a national role model.

The protection and utilization of ancient villages and historic dwellings stands for highly integrated ecological social and economic benefits which has driven ecological restoration environment treatment infrastructure and service facility construction and improved the appearance of the villages and street blocks. For instance some have been turned into scenes showing intangible heritages some made into hospitality amenities some for social activities and others as family libraries and cultural centers. In summary the protection and utilization not only benefits the inheritance of Huizhou culture and the enrichment of cultural life in rural areas but also meets the needs for the development of modern civilization.

黄山历代题字（风华正安徽画说黄山）(16)