获取商业情报信息的方法和渠道（如何有效获取商业情报）
获取商业情报信息的方法和渠道（如何有效获取商业情报）企业内部问题是影响企业发展和核心竞争力的表现，而企业外部问题对企业来说将产生致命的影响。For enterprise managers information collection and analysis are the basic requirements that must be met. The healthy development and growth of an enterprise must achieve a comprehensive balance between the external environment and internal management. This is the key to the success of the enterprise and the competition situation is to solve the externa
情报信息对企业发展重要吗？ Is intelligence information important to business development?在越发激烈的市场竞争环境下，中国企业竞争正处在一个无边界的状态。企业之间，行业之间，地域之间、跨行业之间的竞争越来越激烈，许多不确定性摆在了企业决策者的面前，一系列的问题困扰着企业的生存与发展。
In the increasingly fierce market competition environment the competition among Chinese enterprises is in a state of borderlessness. The competition among enterprises between industries between regions and across industries is becoming more and more fierce. Many uncertainties are placed in front of business decision makers. A series of problems are haunting the survival and development of enterprises.
如果说市场是不确定的、模糊的、复杂的，那么企业应如何面对危机，把握机遇呢？
If the market is uncertain vague and complex how should companies face crises and seize opportunities?
有效的解决之道就是掌握信息，企业需要有一个良好的商业运营模式，然后还要全面掌握市场信息，把握竞争环境，掌握产品的发展方向。此外，还要准确掌握竞争对手、核心客户和供应商的信息。
The effective solution is to grasp information. Enterprises need to have a good business operation model and then they must fully grasp market information grasp the competitive environment and grasp the direction of product development. In addition we must accurately grasp the information of competitors core customers and suppliers.
对于企业的管理者，信息收集和分析是必须具备的基本要求，企业健康的发展和成长，必须实现外部环境和内部管理的全面平衡统一，这是企业成功的关键，而竞争情况是解决企业外部情况的重要手段，企业战略目标的不确定或外部信息不掌握，企业就无法把握机遇和规避风险。
For enterprise managers information collection and analysis are the basic requirements that must be met. The healthy development and growth of an enterprise must achieve a comprehensive balance between the external environment and internal management. This is the key to the success of the enterprise and the competition situation is to solve the external environment of the enterprise. An important means of the situation the uncertainty of the company’s strategic goals or the lack of external information the company cannot grasp opportunities and avoid risks.
企业做好了内部管理，还需要外部情报吗？ Does the company still need external intelligence if it has done its internal management?企业内部问题是影响企业发展和核心竞争力的表现，而企业外部问题对企业来说将产生致命的影响。
The internal problems of the enterprise are the performance that affects the development and core competitiveness of the enterprise and the external problems of the enterprise will have a fatal impact on the enterprise.
哪怕把企业内部的组织架构、管理制度、业务流程做到完美，但如果不了解市场信息，不知道自己产品在市场中的生态位，不清晰竞争对手的优缺点，产品问题和销售问题不解决，企业还是无法获得正向的现金流，进而走进了死胡同。
Even if the internal organizational structure management system and business process of the company are perfect but if you don’t understand the market information you don’t know the niche of your products in the market you don’t know the strengths and weaknesses of your competitors and the product problems and sales problems are not resolved. The company is still unable to obtain positive cash flow and thus has entered a dead end.
当然，这里并非说企业内部建构不重要，“建构和建制”是企业发展的基础，就如一个人有健康的身体是最重要的，健康的身体是做出成就的前提，但不是做出成就的充分必要条件。外部国际环境的突变，国内金融环境和市场环境的突变，竞争对手做出替代品等，对企业的影响都可以是致命的。
Of course this is not to say that the internal construction of an enterprise is not important. "Construction and establishment" is the foundation of enterprise development. Just as a healthy body is the most important thing for a person a healthy body is the prerequisite for achievement but not achievement. Necessary and sufficient conditions. The sudden change in the external international environment the sudden change in the domestic financial environment and the market environment and the alternatives made by competitors can all have a fatal impact on the enterprise.
企业发展如何能知己知彼？ How can the development of an enterprise know itself and the enemy?知己知彼，百战不殆，说的就是情报的重要性。对于企业的外部情报信息获取，主要包括两个部分，一个部分叫“信息获取”，另一个部分叫“信息分析处理”。
Knowing oneself and the enemy a hundred battles never end is talking about the importance of intelligence. The acquisition of external intelligence information for enterprises mainly includes two parts one part is called "information acquisition" and the other part is called "information analysis and processing".
- 信息获取：包括市场调研、商业情报和信息软件（Information acquisition: including market research business intelligence and information software;）；
- 信息分析处理：包括数字化分析技术、专家经营分析。（Information analysis and processing: including digital analysis technology and expert management analysis.）
在信息获取方面，企业要重点关注如下7个对企业产生重大影响的因素：
In terms of information acquisition companies should focus on the following seven factors that have a significant impact on the company:
- 国际国内宏观情况（International and domestic macro situation）
- 国家相关政策（Related national policies）
- 行业动态和市场现状（Industry dynamics and market status）
- 新技术新产品的更新（Update of new technology and new products）
- 竞争对手的情况（Competitor situation）
- 合作伙伴的变化（Changes in partners）
- 突发事件（自然灾害、战争等）（Emergencies (natural disasters wars etc.)）
同时还要注意3点，做好内部信息的整合：
At the same time we must pay attention to 3 points to integrate internal information:
- 信息部门的积累（Accumulation of information department）
- 企业各部门信息要归口，打破数据孤岛（The information of all departments of the enterprise must be centralized to break the data silos）
- 高层领导要积极提供信息（Senior leaders must actively provide information）
企业竞争是一种为利益的争夺，“物竞天择，适者生存”是竞争的基本法则；排他性是竞争的基本属性；优胜劣汰是竞争的必然规律。所谓”商场如战场”，军队作战讲的是“兵马未动，侦查先行”，而企业应该是“项目未动，信息先行”。
Enterprise competition is a struggle for benefits. "Natural selection of things survival of the fittest" is the basic law of competition; exclusivity is the basic attribute of competition; survival of the fittest is the inevitable law of competition. The so-called "shopping malls are like battlefields" military operations talk about "soldiers and horses not moving investigation first" and enterprises should be "projects not moving information first."
当代的企业，必须要具备数据意识，既要掌握数据工具，还要具备情报优先的战略思考。改革开放40年，企业从靠着创始人胆识去闯，发展到了精细管理的时代。现在很多人说生意难做，其实不是生意难做，是做生意的人越来越专业了，如果一个企业的短板太致命，是无法活下去的。
Contemporary enterprises must have data awareness not only to master data tools but also to have strategic thinking that prioritizes intelligence. In the 40 years of reform and opening up the company has evolved from relying on the courage of the founders to enter the era of fine management. Nowadays many people say that business is difficult. In fact it is not that business is difficult. The business people are becoming more and more professional. If a company's shortcomings are too fatal it will not be able to survive.
再看情报，最终是要演化为帮助经营者做决策的智慧，一般会经历数据（Data）、信息（Information）、情报（Intelligence）、知识（Knowledge）、智慧（Wisdom）五个阶段。
Looking at intelligence again it will eventually evolve into wisdom that helps operators make decisions generally going through five stages: data information intelligence knowledge and Wisdom.
决策不是靠拍脑袋，而是需要智慧。我们先要把分散孤立的数据整合成信息，然后把有相关性的信息加工成情报，有了情报就知道自身发展的对抗性，然后就可以融合为知识，而框架性的知识就可以提炼为智慧，帮助企业做出前瞻性的决策。
Decision-making does not rely on slapped heads but requires wisdom. We must first integrate scattered and isolated data into information and then process relevant information into intelligence. With intelligence we know the antagonism of our own development and then it can be integrated into knowledge and framework knowledge can be refined into Wisdom helps companies make forward-looking decisions.
如何正确认识情报？ How to correctly understand intelligence?我们可以按照灰度的深浅，把情报分为白色情报、灰色情报和黑色情报。
We can divide intelligence into white intelligence gray intelligence and black intelligence according to the intensity of the gray scale.
所谓白色情报，就是各个公示平台的公开信息，例如在企查查和天眼查获取的信息，这个是所有企业稍微花一点时间和精力都可以做到的。
The so-called white intelligence refers to the public information of various publicity platforms such as the information obtained in Enterprise Chacha and Tianyancha which can be achieved by all companies with a little time and energy.
所谓黑色情报，就是要用黑色的手段，或者成为非法手段才能获取的，这些情报非常有用，但因为触犯了法律的底线，所以不建议企业采用。
The so-called black information is obtained only by black means or illegal means. This information is very useful but because it violates the bottom line of the law it is not recommended for companies to use it.
所谓灰色情报，就是利用灰色手段获取的情报，获取的途径是在法律的框架之内，但这些信息又对企业做出决策有非常重要的意义。
The so-called gray information refers to the information obtained by using gray methods. The method of obtaining is within the framework of the law but this information has very important significance for the decision-making of enterprises.
灰色情报一般不是直接给出的，需要从事务的相关性中找到答案，举一个最简单的例子，我们要知道一位女士的年龄，可以问3个相关性问题的问题获取，第一个问题：您是哪个大学毕业的？（先找切入点）。第二个问题：您是哪一年毕业的？（这个问题已经收窄了区间）。第三个问题：您也是高中18岁就考上这所大学的吧？（如果对方说16岁就入大学，那么就再微调1年，得出精确答案）。
Gray information is not directly given. The answer needs to be found from the relevance of the transaction. To give the simplest example we need to know the age of a lady by asking 3 relevance questions. The first question is: Which university did you graduate from? (Look for the entry point first). Second question: In what year did you graduate? (This issue has narrowed the range). The third question: You were admitted to this university at the age of 18 in high school right? (If the other party says that he entered university at the age of 16 then fine-tune it for another year to get an accurate answer).
情报的收集过程一般分为搜集、识别、过滤、分类、分析研究、判断预测、储存累积7个步骤，最终的目的就是要帮助企业做出决策。情报人员要在符合企业的战略规划的情况下，多渠道地收集信息，以满足足够的综合分析资料。还要不断跟踪情报，了解宏观与微观市场动态，行业政策、竞争对手动态，掌握竞争情报特点、规律和逻辑。
The intelligence collection process is generally divided into 7 steps: collection identification filtering classification analysis and research judgment and prediction and storage accumulation. The ultimate goal is to help companies make decisions. Intelligence personnel must collect information through multiple channels in accordance with the company's strategic planning to meet sufficient comprehensive analysis data. It is also necessary to keep track of intelligence understand macro and micro market dynamics industry policies and competitors' dynamics and master the characteristics laws and logic of competitive intelligence.
情报对企业的发展有重要作用，企业做出重大决策时，需要及时、准确、可靠、有预见性的情报保障。情报是百科，对于情报信息的整合，也需要百科的融合。最后，情报是人与人、人与算法、人与网络的匹配结果，是定性与定量分析的综合集成，最终提炼成决策的智慧。
Intelligence plays an important role in the development of an enterprise. When an enterprise makes a major decision it needs timely accurate reliable and predictable intelligence. Intelligence is an encyclopedia and the integration of intelligence information also requires the integration of encyclopedias. Finally intelligence is the matching result of people and people people and algorithms and people and the network. It is a comprehensive integration of qualitative and quantitative analysis and finally refined into decision-making wisdom.
