lvm逻辑卷怎么设置（LVM逻辑卷管理）
lvm逻辑卷怎么设置（LVM逻辑卷管理）知道命令，不知道工具叫什么时搜索对应的工具方式 yum provides "/*/pvcreate"需要安装物理卷工具 yum install -y lvm2n创建3个分区，分别为1Gt改变分区类型为8e[root@centos01 ~]# fdisk /dev/sdb # 分区 Welcome to fdisk (util-linux 2.23.2). Changes will remain in memory only until you decide to write them. Be careful before using the write Command. Device does not contain a recognized partition table Building a new DOS disklabel with disk identifier 0x87209
LVM 逻辑卷管理(Logical Volume Manager)，是Linux下系统对磁盘分区进行管理的一种机制。
逻辑卷创建整体步骤：
- 创建物理分区 在物理分区弄好物理卷
- 物理卷形成一个卷组
- 在卷组的基础上划分逻辑卷
- 格式化
- 挂载
准备磁盘分区
fdisk /dev/sdb
n创建3个分区，分别为1G
t改变分区类型为8e
[root@centos01 ~]# fdisk /dev/sdb # 分区 Welcome to fdisk (util-linux 2.23.2). Changes will remain in memory only until you decide to write them. Be careful before using the write Command. Device does not contain a recognized partition table Building a new DOS disklabel with disk identifier 0x8720953d. Command (m for help): n Partition type: p primary (0 primary 0 extended 4 free) e extended Select (default p): Using default response p Partition number (1-4 default 1): First sector (2048-10485759 default 2048): Using default value 2048 Last sector sectors or size{K M G} (2048-10485759 default 10485759): 1G Partition 1 of type Linux and of size 1 GiB is set Command (m for help): t Selected partition 1 Hex code (type L to list all codes): 8e Changed type of partition 'Linux' to 'Linux LVM' ... # 创建三个后输入w保存分区退出，结果如下 [root@centos01 ~]# fdisk -l Disk /dev/sdb: 5368 MB 5368709120 bytes 10485760 sectors Units = sectors of 1 * 512 = 512 bytes Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 512 bytes I/O size (minimum/optimal): 512 bytes / 512 bytes Disk label type: dos Disk identifier: 0x8720953d Device Boot Start End Blocks Id System /dev/sdb1 2048 2099199 1048576 8e Linux LVM /dev/sdb2 2099200 4196351 1048576 8e Linux LVM /dev/sdb3 4196352 6293503 1048576 8e Linux LVM Disk /dev/sda: 32.2 GB 32212254720 bytes 62914560 sectors Units = sectors of 1 * 512 = 512 bytes Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 512 bytes I/O size (minimum/optimal): 512 bytes / 512 bytes Disk label type: dos Disk identifier: 0x000b933a Device Boot Start End Blocks Id System /dev/sda1 * 2048 411647 204800 83 Linux /dev/sda2 411648 8800255 4194304 82 Linux swap / Solaris /dev/sda3 8800256 62914559 27057152 83 Linux
准备物理卷
需要安装物理卷工具 yum install -y lvm2
知道命令，不知道工具叫什么时搜索对应的工具方式 yum provides "/*/pvcreate"
pvcreate /dev/sdb1 # 如果出现Device /dev/sdb1 not found (or ignored by filtering).提示，说明没创建/dev/sdb1文件，使用partprobe命令即可生成
[root@centos01 ~]# pvcreate /dev/sdb1 WARNING: ext4 signature detected on /dev/sdb1 at offset 1080. Wipe it? [y/n]: y Wiping ext4 signature on /dev/sdb1. Physical volume "/dev/sdb1" successfully created. [root@centos01 ~]# pvcreate /dev/sdb2 Physical volume "/dev/sdb2" successfully created. [root@centos01 ~]# pvcreate /dev/sdb3 Physical volume "/dev/sdb3" successfully created. [root@centos01 ~]# pvdisplay #查看当前的物理卷，pvs命令可以查看简单物理卷信息 "/dev/sdb3" is a new physical volume of "1.00 GiB" --- NEW Physical volume --- PV Name /dev/sdb3 VG Name PV Size 1.00 GiB Allocatable NO PE Size 0 Total PE 0 Free PE 0 Allocated PE 0 PV UUID C5ebe2-eTk6-S6o2-1EC4-ZfnN-OCaq-nMinQ0 "/dev/sdb1" is a new physical volume of "1.00 GiB" --- NEW Physical volume --- PV Name /dev/sdb1 VG Name PV Size 1.00 GiB Allocatable NO PE Size 0 Total PE 0 Free PE 0 Allocated PE 0 PV UUID xgf99Z-OJK6-wumF-sUNu-MbTu-8fqj-qViNxN "/dev/sdb2" is a new physical volume of "1.00 GiB" --- NEW Physical volume --- PV Name /dev/sdb2 VG Name PV Size 1.00 GiB Allocatable NO PE Size 0 Total PE 0 Free PE 0 Allocated PE 0 PV UUID vxsNFj-DpeA-Mhot-sp6z-QAAY-EOCx-jlo4UL [root@centos01 ~]# pvs PV VG Fmt Attr PSize PFree /dev/sdb1 lvm2 --- 1.00g 1.00g /dev/sdb2 lvm2 --- 1.00g 1.00g /dev/sdb3 lvm2 --- 1.00g 1.00g
创建卷组
[root@centos01 ~]# vgcreate vg1 /dev/sdb1 /dev/sdb2 Volume group "vg1" successfully created
创建逻辑卷
[root@centos01 ~]# lvcreate -L 100M -n lv1 vg1 Logical volume "lv1" created.
格式化
[root@centos01 ~]# mkfs.ext4 /dev/vg1/lv1 mke2fs 1.42.9 (28-Dec-2013) Filesystem label= OS type: Linux Block size=1024 (log=0) Fragment size=1024 (log=0) Stride=0 blocks Stripe width=0 blocks 25688 inodes 102400 blocks 5120 blocks (5.00%) reserved for the super user First data block=1 Maximum filesystem blocks=33685504 13 block groups 8192 blocks per group 8192 fragments per group 1976 inodes per group Superblock backups stored on blocks: 8193 24577 40961 57345 73729 Allocating group tables: done Writing inode tables: done Creating journal (4096 blocks): done Writing superblocks and filesystem accounting information: done
挂载
[root@centos01 ~]# mount /dev/vg1/lv1 /mnt/ [root@centos01 ~]# df -h Filesystem Size Used Avail Use% Mounted on /dev/sda3 26G 1002M 25G 4% / devtmpfs 489M 0 489M 0% /dev tmpfs 494M 0 494M 0% /dev/shm tmpfs 494M 6.7M 487M 2% /run tmpfs 494M 0 494M 0% /sys/fs/cgroup /dev/sda1 197M 75M 123M 38% /boot /dev/mapper/vg1-lv1 93M 1.6M 85M 2% /mnt # 结果中/dev/mapper/vg1-lv1与/dev/vg1/lv1指向同一个文件 [root@centos01 ~]# ls -l /dev/vg1/lv1 lrwxrwxrwx. 1 root root 7 Sep 28 10:07 /dev/vg1/lv1 -> ../dm-0 [root@centos01 ~]# ls -l /dev/mapper/vg1-lv1 lrwxrwxrwx. 1 root root 7 Sep 28 10:07 /dev/mapper/vg1-lv1 -> ../dm-0
扩容逻辑卷
lvresize -L 200M /dev/vg1/lv1 # 重新设置卷大小
[root@centos01 ~]# umount /mnt [root@centos01 ~]# lvresize -L 200M /dev/vg1/lv1 New size (50 extents) matches existing size (50 extents).
e2fsck -f /dev/vg1/lv1 # 检查磁盘错误(ext4执行)
[root@centos01 ~]# e2fsck -f /dev/vg1/lv1 e2fsck 1.42.9 (28-Dec-2013) Pass 1: Checking inodes blocks and sizes Pass 2: Checking directory structure Pass 3: Checking directory connectivity Pass 4: Checking reference counts Pass 5: Checking group summary information /dev/vg1/lv1: 13/25688 files (7.7% non-contiguous) 8899/102400 blocks
resize2fs /dev/vg1/lv1 更新逻辑卷信息(ext4执行)
[root@centos01 ~]# resize2fs /dev/vg1/lv1 resize2fs 1.42.9 (28-Dec-2013) Resizing the filesystem on /dev/vg1/lv1 to 204800 (1k) blocks. The filesystem on /dev/vg1/lv1 is now 204800 blocks long.
缩减逻辑卷(xfs不支持)
要先umount
e2fsck -f /dev/vg1/lv1 检查磁盘错误(ext)
[root@centos01 ~]# e2fsck -f /dev/vg1/lv1 e2fsck 1.42.9 (28-Dec-2013) Pass 1: Checking inodes blocks and sizes Pass 2: Checking directory structure Pass 3: Checking directory connectivity Pass 4: Checking reference counts Pass 5: Checking group summary information /dev/vg1/lv1: 13/49400 files (7.7% non-contiguous) 11887/204800 blocks
resize2fs /dev/vg1/lv1 更新逻辑卷信息(ext)
[root@centos01 ~]# resize2fs /dev/vg1/lv1 100M resize2fs 1.42.9 (28-Dec-2013) Resizing the filesystem on /dev/vg1/lv1 to 102400 (1k) blocks. The filesystem on /dev/vg1/lv1 is now 102400 blocks long.
lvresize -L 100M /dev/vg1/lv1 重新设置卷大小
[root@centos01 ~]# lvresize -L 100M /dev/vg1/lv1 WARNING: Reducing active logical volume to 100.00 MiB. THIS MAY DESTROY YOUR DATA (filesystem etc.) Do you really want to reduce vg1/lv1? [y/n]: y Size of logical volume vg1/lv1 changed from 200.00 MiB (50 extents) to 100.00 MiB (25 extents). Logical volume vg1/lv1 successfully resized.
xfs扩容逻辑卷
[root@centos01 ~]# mkfs.xfs -f /dev/vg1/lv1 # 重新格式化为xfs meta-data=/dev/vg1/lv1 isize=256 agcount=4 agsize=6400 blks = sectsz=512 attr=2 projid32bit=1 = crc=0 data = bsize=4096 blocks=25600 imaxpct=25 = sunit=0 swidth=0 blks naming =version 2 bsize=4096 ascii-ci=0 ftype=0 log =internal log bsize=4096 blocks=853 version=2 = sectsz=512 sunit=0 blks lazy-count=1 realtime =none extsz=4096 blocks=0 rtextents=0 mount /dev/vg1/lv1 /mnt/ [root@centos01 ~]# xfs_growfs /dev/vg1/lv1 meta-data=/dev/mapper/vg1-lv1 isize=256 agcount=4 agsize=6400 blks = sectsz=512 attr=2 projid32bit=1 = crc=0 data = bsize=4096 blocks=25600 imaxpct=25 = sunit=0 swidth=0 blks naming =version 2 bsize=4096 ascii-ci=0 ftype=0 log =internal bsize=4096 blocks=853 version=2 = sectsz=512 sunit=0 blks lazy-count=1 realtime =none extsz=4096 blocks=0 rtextents=0
扩展卷组
[root@centos01 ~]# vgdisplay --- Volume group --- VG Name vg1 System ID Format lvm2 Metadata Areas 2 Metadata Sequence No 5 VG Access read/write VG Status resizable MAX LV 0 Cur LV 1 Open LV 1 Max PV 0 Cur PV 2 Act PV 2 VG Size 1.99 GiB PE Size 4.00 MiB Total PE 510 Alloc PE / Size 75 / 300.00 MiB Free PE / Size 435 / <1.70 GiB VG UUID wVCjMR-btBV-3oHG-zT8T-9tZF-6tRv-rSHilv [root@centos01 ~]# vgextend vg1 /dev/sdb3 Volume group "vg1" successfully extended [root@centos01 ~]# vgdisplay --- Volume group --- VG Name vg1 System ID Format lvm2 Metadata Areas 3 Metadata Sequence No 6 VG Access read/write VG Status resizable MAX LV 0 Cur LV 1 Open LV 1 Max PV 0 Cur PV 3 Act PV 3 VG Size <2.99 GiB PE Size 4.00 MiB Total PE 765 Alloc PE / Size 75 / 300.00 MiB Free PE / Size 690 / <2.70 GiB VG UUID wVCjMR-btBV-3oHG-zT8T-9tZF-6tRv-rSHilv
