already的用法是什么（重要考点already用法探析）
already的用法是什么（重要考点already用法探析）I've already written a fair chunk of the article. （现在完成时）我已经开始织婴儿衣服了。（现在完成时）He has read the book already.（现在完成时）他已读过这本书。I have already started knitting baby clothes.
already一般用于肯定句中。译为“已经，早已”。
1、already多用于肯定句；常用于完成时态，且时态上可以用于多种时态。
I've already paid my membership dues.
我已经交了我的会员费。（现在完成时）
He has read the book already.（现在完成时）
他已读过这本书。
I have already started knitting baby clothes.
我已经开始织婴儿衣服了。（现在完成时）
I've already written a fair chunk of the article. （现在完成时）
我已写好文章的大部分。
One hundred have already been placed with foster families.
有一百名已经获安排领养。（现在完成时）
He's been in the dock several times already.
他已受审多次。（现在完成时）
The new government has already been pitched into a crisis.
新政府已被抛入危机之中。（现在完成时）
They were surprised to find that he'd already left.
他们惊奇地发现他已经走了。（过去完成时）
By this time he had already made some friends.
到这时他已经交了一些朋友。（过去完成时）
I was disappointed to find that they had left already.
我发现他们已经离开了，觉得很失望。（过去完成时）
Along the coast an industrial fringe had already developed.
沿海岸一片带状工业区已发展起来。（过去完成时）
We got there early but Mike had already left.
我们及早到了那里，但是迈克已经离开了。（过去完成时）
They had already fired three people and he was afraid for his job.
他们已经解雇了三人，所以他为他的工作担忧。（过去完成时）
They had already voted for him at the first ballot.
在第一次投票选举时，他们已经投票给他了。（过去完成时）
He already had an idea for his next novel.
他已经构思好了下一部小说。（过去完成时）
We arrived at the cinema late. The film had already begun.
我们到电影院太晚了，电影已经开始。（过去完成时）
By this time tomorrow I'll have finished the job already.
到明天这个时候，我将已做完这工作。（将来完成时）
I'm already late.
我已经迟到了。（一般现在时）
The winter is already here.
冬天已经来临。（一般现在时）
Tom already knows the truth.
汤姆已经知道事实真相了。（一般现在时）
I already did it.
我已经完成了。（一般过去时）
I didn't get any sleep yet.
我还没合过眼。（一般过去时）
He already knew about it.
那时他已知道此事了。（一般过去时）
The teacher was already in the room when I arrived.
我到的时候，老师已经在房里了。（一般过去时）
Her novel is reprinting already.
她的小说已在再版。（现在进行时）
He is already working. （现在进行时）
他已经开始工作了。
He is already getting in trim for the big day.
他已经在为那个重要的日子调整状态了。（现在进行时）
Already both sides are jockeying to belittle the other side.
双方已在使出浑身解数贬低对方了。（现在进行时）
She already told the neighbors not to come
她已经告诉邻居们别来了。（一般过去时）
I didn't get any sleep yet.我还没合过眼。（一般过去时）
They were already eating their lunch.
他们已经在吃午饭了。（过去进行时）
The train was already moving.
火车已经开动。（过去进行时）
When I came in he was already laying the table.
我进来时，他已在摆桌子了。（过去进行时）
2. already一般不用于疑问句；但在以下两种情形可用于疑问句：
（1）、在疑问句使用already，一般指说话者希望得到对方肯定的答复。而使用yet没有对答复的希望得到肯定答复的倾向性，只是希望得到答复信息，至于肯定回答还是否定回答没有倾向性含义。
Have you already received your invitation?
你已经收到邀请了吧？（料已收到，想证实一下，倾向性得到肯定答复。）
Have you received your invitation yet?
你已经收到邀请了吗？（仅仅是普通疑问句，对于对方的答复没有倾向性。）
Haven’t you seen him already?
难道你还没有看见他吗？（料对方已看见他，希望得到对方肯定的答复。）
Haven’t you seen him yet?
难道你还没有看见他吗？（仅仅是普通疑问句，对于对方的答复没有倾向性。）
（2）、表示说话人的惊奇、惊讶之意。如：
Has she gone to bed already?她不是已经上床了吗?（含有上床比说话者预料的要早之惊奇的意思）
Is Is it 10 o'clock already?
都10点钟了？（表示惊奇的自问，含有现在的时间比说话者预料的要来的快。）
You're not leaving already are you?
你已经不打算走了，是不是？（料已不打算走了，说话者表示惊奇的疑问，其实答案是肯定的已经是明摆的意思。）
3. already 一般不用于否定句，但以下两种情况可以用：
（1）有时可用于否定的条件状语从句中。如：
If he hasn’t seen the film already he may get the ticket.
假若他还未看过这电影，他是可以弄到票的。
（2）表示说话人的惊奇、惊讶之意。
You’re not leaving us already are you ?
你已经决定要离开我们了，是吧？
4. already句中的位置，上面的经典例句已经说明了一切。
一般already位于助动词have和动词的分词形式之间。它用于主动语态，而非被动语态。
Subject have / has already past participle objects
主语 have/has already 过去分词 宾语
I have already seen that film.
我已经看过这个电影了。
Mary has already been to Seattle.
玛丽已经去过西雅图了。
顺便说一下yet 的用法：
yet主要用于否定句或疑问句中，（用于肯定句中另有含义，关于yet用法本人前期文章有专文论述，欢迎查阅）通常位于句尾，在否定句中，含义为“迄今尚”；在疑问句中，含义为“已经”：
I haven't received a letter from him yet.
我还没有收到他的信呢。
Have you had your lunch yet?
你（已经）吃午饭了吗？
