32岁弱视治疗的最佳方法：传统过时的弱视治疗方法

长生 2023-01-08 08:32:18 886

32岁弱视治疗的最佳方法：传统过时的弱视治疗方法Full time occlusion is the oldest and most antiquated treatment for amblyopia (and sometimes for strabismus - with or without amblyopia). Patching was first used in the eighteenth century as a method to force the amblyopic eye to work 在本章中，我们将把传统过时的弱视治疗方法，与更新、更有效的治疗方法进行比较。—— 阿尔伯特•爱因斯坦”This chapter will compare the older outdated treatment versus the newer and most up to date treatment modalities.

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“It is very depressing to live in a time when it is easier to split the atom than to break down a prejudice.”

—— ALBERT EINSTEIN

“令人沮丧的是，在我们这个时代，打破偏见比分裂原子还困难。”

—— 阿尔伯特•爱因斯坦

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This chapter will compare the older outdated treatment versus the newer and most up to date treatment modalities.

在本章中，我们将把传统过时的弱视治疗方法，与更新、更有效的治疗方法进行比较。

过时的全天眼罩遮盖

Full time occlusion is the oldest and most antiquated treatment for amblyopia (and sometimes for strabismus - with or without amblyopia). Patching was first used in the eighteenth century as a method to force the amblyopic eye to work

全天眼罩遮盖治疗弱视年代久远，属于“古董级别”的弱视治疗方法，有时也用于斜视治疗。在18世纪，眼罩遮盖首次用于弱视治疗，将好眼遮盖，以强迫弱视眼工作。

and it has not changed since then. For more than 200 years patching has been prescribed for full-time wear all day long over the good eye to force the use of the amblyopic eye.

自此之后，这种治疗方法就再也没有改变过。200多年来，医生一直在开具遮盖处方，要求全天遮盖好眼，从而强迫使用弱视眼。

Even today almost all ophthalmologists and many traditional optometrists still habitually use this outdated treatment as their main and many times their only method of treatment.

即使到了今天，几乎所有眼科医生，和很多传统眼视光医生，还在习惯性地采用这种过时的方法，甚至把它当成唯一治疗方法。

图1：全天遮盖的婴儿

32岁弱视治疗的最佳方法：传统过时的弱视治疗方法(1)

图2：全天遮盖的幼儿

The rationale behind patching is to strengthen the connections between the amblyopic eye and the brain. This idea seems to make sense but a child is more than an eyeball.

这种方法假设，遮盖可以加强弱视眼和大脑连接。虽然这听起来似乎合理，但是，医生要治疗的不仅是一只眼睛，还有整体视功能。

Full-time patching is difficult to sustain and it can also be damaging both developmentally and emotionally to the child. For many years patching was the only tool available but this is no longer the only or even the best option.

而且，全天遮盖很难长期坚持，并会损害孩子的正常发育和心理健康。过去多年来，遮盖一直是弱视治疗唯一方法。但现在，它既不是唯一，也不是最好的方法。

全天遮盖的弊端

Disadvantage #1: Full time patching reduces performance in life and the ability to learn.

Disadvantage #2: Full-time patching eliminates the possibility of developing binocularity.

Disadvantage #3: Full-time patching reduces the child’s field of vision.

Disadvantage#4: Patching can make the cosmetic appearance of the eyes appear worse.

Disadvantage #5: Full-time patching can result in double vision.

Disadvantage #6: Full-time patching can damage the child’s self-confidence and self-image.

弊端1：全天遮盖妨碍孩子的日常生活和学习。

弊端2：全天遮盖破坏双眼视功能发育。

弊端3：全天遮盖缩小了孩子视野。

弊端4：遮盖会加重斜视，影响眼睛美观。