初中英语重点短语归纳总结200个:初中英语短语归纳解析
初中英语重点短语归纳总结200个:初中英语短语归纳解析② My grandma keeps pigs and hens. 我奶奶养猪养鸡。① He has a wife and three children to keep. 他要养活妻子和三个孩子。② The farmer grows wheat in this field.那位农民在这块田里种植小麦。(不用plant)③ People grow bananas in Hainan. 海南种植香蕉。(不用plant)Ⅱ. keep 表“赡养”后可接表人或动物的名词,不用来代替plant 或grow. 如:
1 . grow / keep / raise / plant
Ⅰ. grow & plant 都可表示“种植”如种植草、树、苗、花卉粮食等植物。grow 着重指种植以后的栽培、管理过程。
plant 着重指“种植”这一行为。某人plant a tree 之后,树是死是活,不一定管,但某人grow a tree则包括培育管理,使其生长的过程。如:
① The students are planting trees on the hill. 学生们正在山坡上栽树。(不用grow)
② The farmer grows wheat in this field.那位农民在这块田里种植小麦。(不用plant)
③ People grow bananas in Hainan. 海南种植香蕉。(不用plant)
Ⅱ. keep 表“赡养”后可接表人或动物的名词,不用来代替plant 或grow. 如:
① He has a wife and three children to keep. 他要养活妻子和三个孩子。
② My grandma keeps pigs and hens. 我奶奶养猪养鸡。
③ My uncle has a large family to keep. 我叔叔要养活一大家人。
Ⅲ. raise 除表“饲养(动物)”以外,还可表示“教育(子女)”;“培育(植物)”。如:
① We raised a good crop of tomatoes this year.今年我们种的西红柿长得很好。
② My grandma raised a family of five. 我祖母养育了五口之家。
③ Where were you raised ? 你在哪儿长大?
④ He raised some flowers in the back garden. 他在后园里种了一些花。
[注]:raise 强调从小精心培养到大,通常指培养花卉以及较难管理的植物。如:
① Let’s grow / raise some flowers in the garden.咱们在园子里种些花吧。
① We grow rice wheat and cotton in my hometown.在家乡,我们种植水稻、小麦和棉花。(不宜用raise)
2. glad/ happy/merry/ pleased
这组形容词都有:“高兴、快乐”之意。
Ⅰ.glad 多用在与人见面时的客套语中,指使人感到:情绪上有短暂的喜悦,常用作表语,一般情况下不作定语。如:
① I’m glad to help you with your English. 我很高兴帮你学英语。
Ⅱ.happy指使人感到内心的满足、幸福和愉快,祝贺新年或庆贺生日时常用到它,可用作表语和定语。如:
① Happy New Year! 新年好!
② I’ll be happy to meet him. 我将高兴地与他见面。
Ⅲ.pleased 意为:“对……感到满意/高兴”常与be连用,后面接介词with(sb) at(sth) 等引起的短语,或不定式;pleased 通常不作定语。如:
① He is pleased with his new job. 他对他的新工作很满意。
② She was very much pleased at the news. 她听到这个消息非常满意。
[注意]:以下结构可互换:
Ⅳ.merry 除“高兴”之外,还有耳目可以感到的“热闹”,一般只作定语。如:
Merry Christmas!祝
3. go / walk
Ⅰ. go 指朝着一定地点的方向运动。如:
① We go to school at seven in the morning.
② Please go downstairs to have lunch.
③ 此外,go的主语还可以是动物、交通工具和机械等。如:
My watch goes fast.我的表走快了。
The train goes to Beijing. 火车开往北京。
Ⅱ. walk 指朝着一定地点或无目的地“走”,常译为“步行、散步”如:
① He often walks after supper. 饭后他经常散步。
② They are walking along the river. 他们正沿着河岸走。
③ Let’s go out for a walk. 我們出去散步吧。
4. go on with sth/ go on doing sth/
go on to do sth
Ⅰ. go on doing sth “(停顿以后)继续做某事”;“不停地做某事”即做原来在做的事情。如:
① Now let’s go on writing. 我们继续往下写。
② It’s raining but the farmers went on working( = kept on working) in the fields.天在下雨,然而农民們还在地里不停地干活。
Ⅱ. go on with sth 表示:“间断后做原来没有做完的事”后面跟名词,不能接动词-ing 形式。如:
① After a rest they went on with the work. 休息以后,他们继续劳动。
Ⅲ. go on to do sth. 指“接着做另一件事”,即接下来做与原来不同的事情。如:
① That’s all for the text. Now let’s go on to learn the grammer. 课文就到这里,现在我们接着学语法。
② He went on to show us how to translate the sentence in a different way. 他接着教我们如何用另一种方法翻译这个句子。
5. go to bed/ go to sleep/ sleep/ be(fall) asleep
Ⅰ. go to bed 指“就寝”, 只表示“上床去睡”这一动作,无“睡着”之意。是终止性动词。它的对应词 是get up “起床”
Ⅱ.in bed 表示一种状态,在句中常作表语,意为“躺在床上,睡着”。其中in不能用on 替换。
Ⅲ. go to sleep 与get to sleep 意义相近,也是终止性动词。即:“入睡、睡着”,强调进入梦乡的过程。“开始睡觉”,即:being to sleep.如:
① I don’t know when I went to sleep / got sleep last night. 我不知道我昨晚什么时候睡着的。
Ⅳ. fall asleep意为“睡着”表示一个动作的过程,侧重于“自然而然地入睡”,有时也含有“不想入睡而入睡”之意;be asleep“熟睡”,强调睡眠的状态,该短语在句中作谓语。
Ⅴ. sleep 可动词和名词,表“睡着”“睡眠”,是可持续性的动词。
Ⅵ. asleep 是表语形容词,不能作定语 如:
① The children are all asleep. 孩子们都睡着了。
② Are you asleep? 你睡着了吗?
6. good/ fine/ nice/ well
Ⅰ. good 是含义最广的形容词,表“好的质量”,“好的品质”。等意思。如:
① Lucy is a good girl.
② These eggs are good ( 指鲜人品质)。
Ⅱ. fine 侧重于“质量的精细”, “身体健康”,还可以表示“天气晴朗”等。如:
① This is a fine house.
② How are you? I’m fine thank you.
③ It’s a fine day for walk. 这是一个散步的好天气。
Ⅲ. nice 指从外表上的“好看、漂亮”。取悦于人的感觉。也可指“(对人)友好和蔼”如:
① It’s a nice watch but it’s not a good/fine one. 这块表看上去不错,但却不是一块好表。
② It’s very nice of you. 你真太好了。
③ They are nice mooncakes. 这都是美味的月饼。
Ⅳ. well 是副词。表干/做得“好”,修饰动词。也可作表语,指身体好。如:
① Well done! 干得好!
② I’m well. 我好了。
7. grow/ increase
Ⅰ.作不及物动词,两者有相同的含意“增长”。如:
① The population of the world is growing/increasing faster and faster. 世界人口增长越来越来快。
Ⅱ.grow还有“生长,发育”的意思。如:
① The rice is growing fine. 水稻长势不错。
Ⅲ.作及物动词,用法各异。
grow种植,栽 如:
① Wheat is grown in north of China. 中国北方种植小麦。
increase增加、增长 如:
① They are working hard to increase production. 他们正在努力工作以增加产量。
Ⅳ.increase可作名词,意为“增加、增长”。如:
①We are trying our vest to slow down the population increase in China. 在中国我们正在尽全力降低人口数量的增长。
8. hand in/ turn in
Ⅰ. hand in “传递、交给”。指交作业等。如:
The teacher told them to hand in their exercise-books. 老师要他们交作业本。
Ⅱ. turn in “上交、交出”。指将某物归公。或交给上级或组织以便找到失主。一般也可与hand in 互换。如:
① You should turn in the money. 你应该把那钱上缴。
② You should turn in / hand in your finished homework.你们应该把完成的作业交上来。
9. hands up/ put up one's hand
Ⅰ. hands up 是一句祈使语气的口语,相当于Put up your arms over your head! “举起手来!”如:
① “Hands up or I’ll shoot.” The policeman demanded the robber. “举起手来,不然我开枪了。”警察命令抢劫犯。
Ⅱ. put up one’s hand 意思与hands up 相同。但语气要弱得多。如:
① Who knows the answer? Hands up / Put up your hands please. 谁知道这个答案?请举手。
② Put up your hands if you have any question.如有问题请举手。
10. happen/ take place/ occur
都有“发生”之意
Ⅰ. happen 是普通用语,应用广泛,对事情的发生有直接原因或带有偶然性。即:“(某人)发生了什么事——happen to sb”,或 “(某物)发生了什么情况——happen to sth”。其主语通常由 accident或 类似it what this that thing something 等代词担任。还可表示“碰巧发生某事,——happen to do sth.”如:
① What has happened? 发生什么事了?–––
② What happened to you? 你发生什么事了?
③ It happened through your negligence. 这事的发生是由于你的疏忽。
④ He happened to be working. 他恰好正在工作。
⑤ I think it’s because I happened to like English. 我想这是因为我碰巧喜欢英语。
Ⅱ. take place 常指经过安排的事,无偶然之意。其主语常是表:“运动、活动、会议等”的名词。如:
① The Olympic Games take place every four years. 奥林匹克运动会每四年举行一次。
② The May 4th Movement took place in 1919. 五四运动发生于一九一九年。
③ Great changes have taken place in our country since liberation. 解放来,我国发生了巨大的变化。
Ⅲ. occur[ә`kә:] 常与happen 通用。但,是较为正式的用语。指在一定的时间内发生一定的事情。
① When did the accident occur? 那事故是什么时候发生的?
② Don’t let the mistake occur again? 不要让这样的错误再次发生。