初中英语现在完成时逐字稿，初中英语精准语法
初中英语现在完成时逐字稿，初中英语精准语法1 He cleaned the blackboard five minutes ago.请判断下列句子或句子划线部分是现在完成时(A)还是一般过去时(B)：现在完成时：强调对现在的影响一般过去时：强调动作发生在过去，不涉及现在结构辨析：
精准课题：现在完成时1定义/语境：讲述过去发生的事情对现在依然有某种影响
基本结构：主语 has/have 动词过去分词
关键词：already just ever never before yet so far
关联/辨异：
现在完成时：强调对现在的影响
一般过去时：强调动作发生在过去，不涉及现在
结构辨析：
请判断下列句子或句子划线部分是现在完成时(A)还是一般过去时(B)：
1 He cleaned the blackboard five minutes ago.
2 I have just cleaned the blackboard. You can use it now.
3 I saw this film last week.
4 Sorry I wont’ go to the cinema with you tonight because I have already seen this film twice.
基础积累：写出下列动词的过去式和过去分词：
1 visit _____________ ______________
2 clean _____________ ______________
3 try _____________ _______________
4 travel _____________ ______________
5 decide _____________ _____________
6 buy ______________ ______________
7 bring _____________ ______________
8 catch _____________ ______________
9 fight _____________ ______________
10 cost _____________ ______________
阶梯练习：
解题方法：
1） 查找关键词：如题中出现already just ever never before yet so far等现在完成时的标志词，该题时态用现在完成时；其中already just ever never放在has/have的后面，过去分词的前面；before yet放在句末；so far 可放在句首或句末。
2）理解语境：题中没有出现关键词，读懂题目，理解题中的事是否对现在依然有影响，有则选择现在完成时。
一、单项选择：
1 Have I met you somewhere ___________?
A ago B before C past D even
2 I ______ your school before and I still remember there was a tall tree behind the library.
A haven’t visited B have visited C didn’t visit D had visited
3 -- _________ you ______ from your American pen friend Jenny? -- Not yet.
A Did hear B Have hear C Do hear D Have heard
4 She ______ never _____ a poem or a story.
A has written B is writing C didn’t write D doesn’t write
5 – Mum may I go out and play football?
-- ________ you _______ your homework yet?
-- Yes I ____________ 5 minutes ago.
A Have done finished B Did do finished C Have done have finished
巩固练习1：
1 The plane has ___________ taken off so we can’t have the chance to see him off.
A yet B just C ago D before
2 – Jane our team ____________ the match. Is that true?
-- yes it is true. We are all excited about it.
A win B won C has won D will win
3 – I ___________ to the Great Wall twice before. What about you Meimei?
-- Me too.
A have been B have gone C went D go
4 My father _____________ to Foshan just now.
A returned B has returned C is returning D returns
5 Both his parents look sad. Maybe they ________ what has happened to him.
A knew B have known C must know D know
6Last year we _______ 1000 English words. So far we ______________________ 3 000 English words.
A learned learned B learned have learned C have learned have learned D have learnt learnt
7 He can’t leave because he ________________ his work yet.
A hasn’t finished B didn’t finish C has finished D hadn’t finished
8 – Have you ____________ been to the Chinatown in the USA? -- No ____________.
A yet never B ever never C ever yet D already yet
9 -- Please don’t smoke here. Here is a sign: NO SMOKING.
-- Sorry I ________________it.
A haven’t noticed B didn’t notice C have noticed D noticed
10 – Would you like some more food?
-- Thank you. I _______________ enough.
A have B will have C have had D has eaten
二、完成句子：
1 他已经吃过这种蛋糕。他不想再吃了。
He ___________________ this kind of cake. He doesn’t want to eat it again.
2 我还没开过车。
I _______________________________________.
3 你以前在海里捉过鱼吗？
_______________ in the sea ______________?
4 他刚刚买了一些花。
He has ________________________________ .
5 他已经成为这所中学的老师好几年了。
He _____________________for several years.
6 到目前为止，他已经画了100幅画。
He ____________100 pictures ____________.
7 他们还没有战胜过另一支队伍。
They _________________________________.
8 我们都曾经梦想过环游世界。
All of us ________________ travelling around the world.
9 政府曾经在这里建过一条桥。
The government _______________________.
10 他从来没有喂过鸡。
He __________________________ a chicken.
三、考点专练：
have gone to have been to have been in辨析
have/has gone to sw:去了某地，人不在这里，还没有回来，后常跟去某地的原因
have/has been to sw:去过某地，人在这里，已经回来，后常跟去过某地的次数
have/has been in sw:来到某地并逗留在那里，后常跟一段时间或很长时间)
注意：如上面三个短语后加地点副词(here/there/home/abroad)或用疑问副词where提问去过哪儿，介词(to/in)被省略。
用been或gone填空：
1. Tony isn’t at home now. He has ______________ to a basketball match.
2. I have _____________ to Guangzhou many times so I know the city very well.
3. They have _____________ to the park for a picnic. I don’t think they can come here on time.
4. – Has the woman ever ____________ to Hong Kong on business?
-- I have no idea.
5. – Where has he _________ ?
--Well most parts of China I think. And he has just _________ to Tibet for his holiday. He shared the photos on Wechat yesterday.
6. – Do you know him?
-- Yes he has _____________ here for many years.
四、综合测试：
1 Both his parents looked sad. Maybe they ________ what happened to him.
A knew B have known C must know D know
2 So far we ______________________ 5 000 German words.
A learn B learned C have learnt D has learned
3 He can leave now because he ________________ his work.
A hasn’t finished B didn’t finish C has finished D hadn’t finished
4 – Have you ____________ been to France?
-- Not ____________.
A yet never B ever never C ever yet D already yet
5 He tells me he ___________ England for over five years.
A has gone to B has been in C has been to D has been
6 – Would you like some more cake?
-- Thank you. I _______________ enough.
A have B will have C has had D have eaten
7 – Don’t smoke here. Here is the sign it says “No smoking!”
-- Sorry I _______________ it.
A noticed B haven’t noticed C had noticed D didn’t notice
8 --This house looks so dirty. ________ she _________ tidying it?
-- Not yet! Can’t you see her _______ it over there?
A Is finishing; is cleaning B Has finished cleaning C Has finished; is cleaning
9 -- May I speak to Susan please?
-- Sorry she _____________to Canada. But she _____________ in a week.
A has gone will come back B has been will come back C has gone has come back
10 –Our country _________ a lot so far.
-- Yes I hope it will be even _____________.
A changed good B is changing well C has changed better
