顶级会议论文含金量：全球最高引100篇文章系统分析

顶级会议论文含金量：全球最高引100篇文章系统分析由于分析10000篇文章，工作量太大，我们就直接分析前100篇文章，发现前100篇文章的平均引用量是34834.92次，总引用次数是3483492次，施引文献达到2627346篇。这100篇文章，占前10000篇的总引用的10.98%，但是总文章数是1.00%，故我们主要分析这100篇文章（图.4）。图.3 10000篇文章不同时间段引用分析我们筛选了引用量排名前10000的文章，发现每篇文章的平均引用次数是3173.14次，总引用次数是31731393次，施引文献是14692585 （图.2）。另外，我们发现，最高引用文章大部分都聚集在1990-2010年之间，达到了40%以上。图.2 10000篇文章引用分析之后，我们看了一下不同时间段，对于这些文章的引用次数分析，发现绝大部分引用都是聚集在1990-2016年之间（图.3）。

爱科学爱自然：对于全球最高引的前100篇文章，篇均引用量是34834.92次；这100篇文章主要聚集在生物化学及分子生物学领域；这100篇文章中，发表在PHYSICAL REVIEW B杂志及JBC杂志都是发表了7篇文章；对于这100篇文章，产出率最高的机构是加州大学；总的来说，这100篇文章主要是聚集在基础研究，如蛋白质的定量，蛋白质的分析，实时定量PCR技术，BLAST的诞生，DNA测序，同源序列比对等方面。iNature编辑组的统计时间是2017年11月26日。

1.引用量最高的10000篇文章分析

我们以Web of Science为基础，通过相关的检索，从1874-2018年，总共检索到120611782条记录（图.1），之后我们根据引用量从高到底，进行排序，我们筛选了10000条记录（因为Web of Science最多只能一次分析10000条记录），进行相应的统计分析。

图.1 总文章数

我们筛选了引用量排名前10000的文章，发现每篇文章的平均引用次数是3173.14次，总引用次数是31731393次，施引文献是14692585 （图.2）。另外，我们发现，最高引用文章大部分都聚集在1990-2010年之间，达到了40%以上。

图.2 10000篇文章引用分析

之后，我们看了一下不同时间段，对于这些文章的引用次数分析，发现绝大部分引用都是聚集在1990-2016年之间（图.3）。

图.3 10000篇文章不同时间段引用分析

由于分析10000篇文章，工作量太大，我们就直接分析前100篇文章，发现前100篇文章的平均引用量是34834.92次，总引用次数是3483492次，施引文献达到2627346篇。这100篇文章，占前10000篇的总引用的10.98%，但是总文章数是1.00%，故我们主要分析这100篇文章（图.4）。

图.4 100篇文章引用分析

2.引用量最高的100篇文章分析

对于这100文章发表的时间进行分析，我们发现在1950年以前只有4篇，1950-1960年之间，有10篇；1961-1970年，有9篇；1971-2010年，总共有74篇，占了绝大部分；2010年以后，只有3篇文章（图.5），这三篇文章分别是遗传进化（MEGA5: Molecular Evolutionary Genetics Analysis Using Maximum Likelihood Evolutionary Distance and Maximum Parsimony Methods，2011年），癌症综述（Hallmarks of Cancer: The Next Generation，2011年），全球癌症统计（Global Cancer Statistics，2011年）。

图.5 100篇文章发表时间分析

其次我们对这100篇文章的种类进行了基本分析，发现生物化学及分子生物学方面有35篇，物理学有15篇，化学有14篇，数学11篇（图.6）。

图.6 100篇文章方向分析

我们再次对这100篇文章发表的杂志进行分析（>3篇），发表在PHYSICAL REVIEW B杂志及JBC杂志都是7篇文章；ANALYTICAL BIOCHEMISTRY，JOURNAL OF CHEMICAL PHYSICS，NATURE，NUCLEIC ACIDS RESEARCH都是发表了4篇文章，总的来说，这高引用的100篇文章，大部分都是生物，物理，生物化学及化学方面的文章。另外这10个杂志占了39篇文章（图.7）。

图.7 100篇文章杂志分析

我们再次统计了国家，发现美国有44篇，占了绝大部分，其次是英国，达到9篇；德国有6篇，很遗憾，没有发现有中国参与的文章（图.8）。

图.8 100篇文章国家分布

我们对研究机构统计了一下，发现加州大学系统占的比例最大，达到了7篇，其次是宾夕法尼亚大学，达到了4篇（图.9）。

图.9 100篇文章的大学或研究所分析

3.引用量最高的100篇文章列表

对于这100篇文章，主要是技术的变革及基础研究，如蛋白质的定量，蛋白质的分析，实时定量PCR技术，BLAST的诞生，DNA测序，同源序列比对等，这些东西都是非常的基础，故这也注定了它们的高引用量（图.10）。

	标题	总引用次数	年均引用
1	PROTEIN MEASUREMENT WITH THE FOLIN PHENOL REAGENT	335844	5012.6
2	CLEAVAGE OF STRUCTURAL PROTEINS DURING ASSEMBLY OF HEAD OF BACTERIOPHAGE-T4	244785	5099.69
3	RAPID AND SENSITIVE METHOD FOR QUANTITATION OF MICROGRAM QUANTITIES OF PROTEIN UTILIZING PRINCIPLE OF PROTEIN-DYE BINDING	201313	4793.17
4	DNA SEQUENCING WITH CHAIN-TERMINATING INHIBITORS	66790	1629.02
5	DENSITY-FUNCTIONAL THERMOCHEMISTRY .3. THE ROLE OF EXACT EXCHANGE	65244	2609.76
6	Generalized gradient approximation made simple	63484	2885.64
7	SINGLE-STEP METHOD OF RNA ISOLATION BY ACID GUANIDINIUM THIOCYANATE PHENOL CHLOROFORM EXTRACTION	63161	2037.45
8	DEVELOPMENT OF THE COLLE-SALVETTI CORRELATION-ENERGY FORMULA INTO A FUNCTIONAL OF THE ELECTRON-DENSITY	61406	2046.87
9	A short history of SHELX	58640	5864
10	Analysis of relative gene expression data using real-time quantitative PCR and the 2(T)(-Delta Delta C) method	58159	3421.12
11	ELECTROPHORETIC TRANSFER OF PROTEINS FROM POLYACRYLAMIDE GELS TO NITROCELLULOSE SHEETS - PROCEDURE AND SOME APPLICATIONS	55121	1413.36
12	A SIMPLE METHOD FOR THE ISOLATION AND PURIFICATION OF TOTAL LIPIDES FROM ANIMAL TISSUES	51444	843.34
13	BASIC LOCAL ALIGNMENT SEARCH TOOL	49116	1754.14
14	CLUSTAL-W - IMPROVING THE SENSITIVITY OF PROGRESSIVE MULTIPLE SEQUENCE ALIGNMENT THROUGH SEQUENCE WEIGHTING POSITION-SPECIFIC GAP PENALTIES AND WEIGHT MATRIX CHOICE	47444	1976.83
15	Gapped BLAST and PSI-BLAST: a new generation of protein database search programs	45557	2169.38
16	NONPARAMETRIC-ESTIMATION FROM INCOMPLETE OBSERVATIONS	44604	743.4
17	MINI-MENTAL STATE - PRACTICAL METHOD FOR GRADING COGNITIVE STATE OF PATIENTS FOR CLINICIAN	43637	1014.81
18	A REVISED MEDIUM FOR RAPID GROWTH AND BIO ASSAYS WITH TOBACCO TISSUE CULTURES	41340	738.21
19	THE NEIGHBOR-JOINING METHOD - A NEW METHOD FOR RECONSTRUCTING PHYLOGENETIC TREES	38735	1249.52
20	A RAPID METHOD OF TOTAL LIPID EXTRACTION AND PURIFICATION	37927	642.83
21	REVISED EFFECTIVE IONIC-RADII AND SYSTEMATIC STUDIES OF INTERATOMIC DISTANCES IN HALIDES AND CHALCOGENIDES	37143	884.36
22	DENSITY-FUNCTIONAL EXCHANGE-ENERGY APPROXIMATION WITH CORRECT ASYMPTOTIC-BEHAVIOR	34065	1135.5
23	SELF-CONSISTENT EQUATIONS INCLUDING EXCHANGE AND CORRELATION EFFECTS	33872	639.09
24	Efficient iterative schemes for ab initio total-energy calculations using a plane-wave basis set	33658	1529.91
25	The moderator-mediator variable distinction in social psychological research: conceptual strategic and statistical considerations.	33191	1037.22
26	Processing of X-ray diffraction data collected in oscillation mode	32667	1555.57
27	The status quality and expansion of the NIH full-length cDNA project: The Mammalian Gene Collection (MGC)	32391	2313.64
28	DETECTION OF SPECIFIC SEQUENCES AMONG DNA FRAGMENTS SEPARATED BY GEL-ELECTROPHORESIS	32239	749.74
29	REGRESSION MODELS AND LIFE-TABLES	32022	696.13
30	COLORIMETRIC METHOD FOR DETERMINATION OF SUGARS AND RELATED SUBSTANCES	31882	514.23
31	RAPID COLORIMETRIC ASSAY FOR CELLULAR GROWTH AND SURVIVAL - APPLICATION TO PROLIFERATION AND CYTO-TOXICITY ASSAYS	31292	894.06
32	The CLUSTAL_X windows interface: flexible strategies for multiple sequence alignment aided by quality analysis tools	30770	1465.24
33	HELICAL MICROTUBULES OF GRAPHITIC CARBON	30386	1125.41
34	STATISTICAL METHODS FOR ASSESSING AGREEMENT BETWEEN TWO METHODS OF CLINICAL MEASUREMENT	29847	932.72
35	FUZZY SETS	29740	561.13
36	CONTROLLING THE FALSE DISCOVERY RATE - A PRACTICAL AND POWERFUL APPROACH TO MULTIPLE TESTING	29691	1290.91
37	Electric field effect in atomically thin carbon films	28520	2037.14
38	INHOMOGENEOUS ELECTRON GAS	27972	518
39	CONFIDENCE-LIMITS ON PHYLOGENIES - AN APPROACH USING THE BOOTSTRAP	27721	840.03
40	SPECIAL POINTS FOR BRILLOUIN-ZONE INTEGRATIONS	27045	643.93
41	MEGA5: Molecular Evolutionary Genetics Analysis Using Maximum Likelihood Evolutionary Distance and Maximum Parsimony Methods	26581	3797.29
42	USE OF LEAD CITRATE AT HIGH PH AS AN ELECTRON-OPAQUE STAIN IN ELECTRON MICROSCOPY	25405	461.91
43	From ultrasoft pseudopotentials to the projector augmented-wave method	25057	1318.79
44	MEASUREMENT OF OBSERVER AGREEMENT FOR CATEGORICAL DATA	25005	609.88
45	PROJECTOR AUGMENTED-WAVE METHOD	24314	1013.08
46	MEGA4: Molecular evolutionary genetics analysis (MEGA) software version 4.0	24066	2187.82
47	RELIABILITY OF MOLECULAR WEIGHT DETERMINATIONS BY DODECYL SULFATE-POLYACRYLAMIDE GEL ELECTROPHORESIS	23835	486.43
48	THE ATTRACTIONS OF PROTEINS FOR SMALL MOLECULES AND IONS	23763	344.39
49	ISOLATION OF BIOLOGICALLY-ACTIVE RIBONUCLEIC-ACID FROM SOURCES ENRICHED IN RIBONUCLEASE	23574	604.46
50	The colorimetric determination of phosphorus	23420	251.83
51	Cutoff Criteria for Fit Indexes in Covariance Structure Analysis: Conventional Criteria Versus New Alternatives	22755	1197.63
52	Particle swarm optimization	22586	982
53	DISC ELECTROPHORESIS .2. METHOD AND APPLICATION TO HUMAN SERUM PROTEINS	22463	415.98
54	MAXIMUM LIKELIHOOD FROM INCOMPLETE DATA VIA EM ALGORITHM	22259	542.9
55	A TECHNIQUE FOR RADIOLABELING DNA RESTRICTION ENDONUCLEASE FRAGMENTS TO HIGH SPECIFIC ACTIVITY	21557	615.91
56	Efficiency of ab-initio total energy calculations for metals and semiconductors using a plane-wave basis set	21539	979.05
57	NEW LOOK AT STATISTICAL-MODEL IDENTIFICATION	21172	481.18
58	Global Cancer Statistics	20983	2997.57
59	A NEW GENERATION OF CA-2 INDICATORS WITH GREATLY IMPROVED FLUORESCENCE PROPERTIES	20677	626.58
60	CLINICAL-DIAGNOSIS OF ALZHEIMERS-DISEASE - REPORT OF THE NINCDS-ADRDA WORK GROUP UNDER THE AUSPICES OF DEPARTMENT-OF-HEALTH-AND-HUMAN-SERVICES TASK-FORCE ON ALZHEIMERS-DISEASE	20596	605.76
61	THE ASSESSMENT AND ANALYSIS OF HANDEDNESS: THE EDINBURGH INVENTORY	20514	436.47
62	The rise of graphene	20505	1864.09
63	Distinctive image features from scale-invariant keypoints	20258	1447
64	A RATING SCALE FOR DEPRESSION	20238	348.93
65	AN INVENTORY FOR MEASURING DEPRESSION	20104	352.7
66	EQUATION OF STATE CALCULATIONS BY FAST COMPUTING MACHINES	19396	298.4
67	ESTIMATION OF CONCENTRATION OF LOW-DENSITY LIPOPROTEIN CHOLESTEROL IN PLASMA WITHOUT USE OF PREPARATIVE ULTRACENTRIFUGE	19380	421.3
68	HIGH-RESOLUTION 2-DIMENSIONAL ELECTROPHORESIS OF PROTEINS	19179	446.02
69	COMPARISON OF SIMPLE POTENTIAL FUNCTIONS FOR SIMULATING LIQUID WATER	19023	543.51
70	THE MOS 36-ITEM SHORT-FORM HEALTH SURVEY (SF-36) .1. CONCEPTUAL-FRAMEWORK AND ITEM SELECTION	18987	730.27
71	MicroRNAs: Genomics biogenesis mechanism and function	18845	1346.07
72	PHASE ANNEALING IN SHELX-90 - DIRECT METHODS FOR LARGER STRUCTURES	18787	670.96
73	A LOW-COST HIGH-EFFICIENCY SOLAR-CELL BASED ON DYE-SENSITIZED COLLOIDAL TIO2 FILMS	18733	693.81
74	GAUSSIAN-BASIS SETS FOR USE IN CORRELATED MOLECULAR CALCULATIONS .1. THE ATOMS BORON THROUGH NEON AND HYDROGEN	18531	639
75	OPTIMIZATION BY SIMULATED ANNEALING	18374	524.97
76	A NEW METHOD OF CLASSIFYING PROGNOSTIC CO-MORBIDITY IN LONGITUDINAL-STUDIES - DEVELOPMENT AND VALIDATION	18044	582.06
77	MrBayes 3: Bayesian phylogenetic inference under mixed models	17994	1199.6
78	TISSUE SULFHYDRYL GROUPS	17989	304.9
79	VMD: Visual molecular dynamics	17956	816.18
80	METAANALYSIS IN CLINICAL-TRIALS	17945	560.78
81	IMPROVED PATCH-CLAMP TECHNIQUES FOR HIGH-RESOLUTION CURRENT RECORDING FROM CELLS AND CELL-FREE MEMBRANE PATCHES	17744	479.57
82	HOMEOSTASIS MODEL ASSESSMENT - INSULIN RESISTANCE AND BETA-CELL FUNCTION FROM FASTING PLASMA-GLUCOSE AND INSULIN CONCENTRATIONS IN MAN	17634	534.36
83	A SIMPLE METHOD FOR DISPLAYING THE HYDROPATHIC CHARACTER OF A PROTEIN	17621	489.47
84	Measuring inconsistency in meta-analyses	17584	1172.27
85	MEASUREMENT OF PROTEIN USING BICINCHONINIC ACID	17573	532.52
86	THE HOSPITAL ANXIETY AND DEPRESSION SCALE	17458	498.8
87	STUDY OF THE CONDITIONS AND MECHANISM OF THE DIPHENYLAMINE REACTION FOR THE COLORIMETRIC ESTIMATION OF DEOXYRIBONUCLEIC ACID	17232	277.94
88	The Protein Data Bank	17152	952.89
89	The NCEP/NCAR 40-year reanalysis project	17118	778.09
90	Collective dynamics of 'small-world' networks	17044	852.2
91	Hallmarks of Cancer: The Next Generation	16913	2416.14
92	ABINITIO MOLECULAR-DYNAMICS FOR LIQUID-METALS	16788	671.52
93	Bias in meta-analysis detected by a simple graphical test	16785	799.29
94	DETERMINATION OF SERUM PROTEINS BY MEANS OF THE BIURET REACTION	16754	242.81
95	A MATHEMATICAL THEORY OF COMMUNICATION	16715	238.79
96	PROCHECK - A PROGRAM TO CHECK THE STEREOCHEMICAL QUALITY OF PROTEIN STRUCTURES	16710	668.4
97	MODELTEST: testing the model of DNA substitution	16619	830.95
98	MULTIPLE RANGE AND MULTIPLE F TESTS	16580	263.17
99	ESTIMATING DIMENSION OF A MODEL	16551	413.78
100	A SIMPLE METHOD FOR ESTIMATING EVOLUTIONARY RATES OF BASE SUBSTITUTIONS THROUGH COMPARATIVE STUDIES OF NUCLEOTIDE-SEQUENCES	16492	434

图.10 前100篇文章列表

注：所有的数据来源为Web of science。