community汉语翻译(不同语境里的community如何翻译)
community汉语翻译(不同语境里的community如何翻译)community通常指比家庭大的享有共同价值观和具有社会凝聚力的社会单位。3. Community usually refers to a social unit larger than a household that shares common values and has social cohesion.community是在某种相近之处(例如空间、时间或关系)生活在一起的互动人群。2. Community refers to all the people who live in a particular area country etc. when talked about as a group.community指当被作为一个群体谈论而生活在一个特定区域或国家等地方的全部的人。
“社区”“社会”和“社团”
对中国学习者来说,community是一个很难翻译的单词,因为在汉语里无法找出一个对应词,而且在不同语境里有不同的译法。要想准确翻译,必须先弄清楚它的原义。
community,首先与human community有关,指由人组成的群体,例如:
1. Community is a group of interacting people living in some proximity i.e. in space time or relationship.
community是在某种相近之处(例如空间、时间或关系)生活在一起的互动人群。
2. Community refers to all the people who live in a particular area country etc. when talked about as a group.
community指当被作为一个群体谈论而生活在一个特定区域或国家等地方的全部的人。
3. Community usually refers to a social unit larger than a household that shares common values and has social cohesion.
community通常指比家庭大的享有共同价值观和具有社会凝聚力的社会单位。
从上面几个句子的描述来看,community具有下列特点:
(1) 生活在同一时间或同一地域的人群;
(2) 享有共同价值观和具有社会凝聚力;
(3) 其规模比家庭大。
最典型的community是居住在同一地区的人们组成的居民区,汉语称之为“社区”。
常见的搭配有community centre(社区中心)、community service(社区服务)、community library(社区图书馆)、community park(社区公园)和community hospital(社区医院)等。
在英国英语和美国英语里,community college具有不同的含义,例如:
In Britain a community college or a community school is a secondary school that is open to adults from the local community as well as to its own students.
在英国,社区学校是一所既对本社区学生也对本社区成人开放的中学。
In the US a community college is a college that is mainly for students from the local community and that offers two-year programmes including those in practical skills. Some students go to a university or college offering four-year programmes after they have finished studying at a community college.
在美国,社区学院是一所主要面对本社区学生的学院,它提供两年制课程,包括实用技能方面的课程。
在国外,华人聚集的地方叫Chinese community,即“华人社区”;历史上被称为Chinatown,即“唐人街”,也有人称之为“中国城”。国外有华人聚居的社区,而我国也有外国人聚居的社区,例如:
Wangjing to Koreans in Beijing is just like the Chinatown to Chinese in New York.
望京对北京的韩国人来说,就像是唐人街对纽约的华人一样。
community还有一个意思是a group of people who share the same religion race job etc.,可译为“社会”或“社团”。例如:
In human communities intent belief resources preferences needs risks and a number of other conditions may be present and common affecting the identity of the participants and their degree of adhesion.
在人类社会,意图、信仰、资源、偏好、需求、冒险行为以及许多其他状态,都可能存在而且相同,影响着参与者的认同和他们凝聚的程度。
The Chinese community is the fastest growing ethnic group in the UK with 9.9 percent annual growth between 2001 and 2007.
华人社团是英国增长最快的种族群体,在2001年至2007年之间年增长率为9.9%。
international community和world community分别译为“国际社会”和“世界大家庭”。
community有时指“人们在共同条件下结成的集体”或“若干国家在某一方面组成的集体组织”,即“共同体”。例如:
a learning community
学习共同体(学习社区)
The Economic Community of West African States is a regional group of fifteen countries founded in 1975.
西非国家共同体是1975年由15个国家建立的地区性组织。
community还与动、植物相关,biological community、animal community和plant community可以分别译为“生物群落”“动物群落”和“植物群落”。例如:
The zoologist often goes to the natural habitats of certain species to observe and record events in the animal community.
这位动物学家经常到某个物种的自然栖息地去观察和记动物群落里发生的事情。