与老虎相关的英文阅读（全浸英语阅读Watchout）
与老虎相关的英文阅读（全浸英语阅读Watchout）▽rewrote the rules-change the gameA FEW YEAR Sago SoftBank rewrote the rules of venture capital (VC). The Japanese tech conglomerate was handing out cash left and right to startup founders. Leading venture capitalists held conferences to discuss how their industry could survive the SoftBank onslaught. As some of SoftBank’s biggest investments unravelled culminating in the collapse in September 20
全浸阅读=Total Immerse Dynamic eReading=TIDE“Schumpeter"
How Tiger Global is changing Silicon Valley
The impact of the hyperactive New York hedge fund will be more profound than that of deep-pocketed tourists such as Softbank
全浸导读：
纽约投资公司Tiger Global Management撼动美国硅谷，颠覆湾区创投界的行为规范，虎爪留痕，其对硅谷初创企业的影响，甚至比日本孙正义的软银Softbank还要让人深刻。。。
在英文学习中，因为“老虎”出没，文中肯定有很多跟老虎的行动相关的表述，特别是喜欢高频使用metaphor 和analogy的TE文章。
p1
A FEW YEAR Sago SoftBank rewrote the rules of venture capital (VC). The Japanese tech conglomerate was handing out cash left and right to startup founders. Leading venture capitalists held conferences to discuss how their industry could survive the SoftBank onslaught. As some of SoftBank’s biggest investments unravelled culminating in the collapse in September 2019 of the initial public offering (IPO) of WeWork an office-sharing firm Valley veterans gloated. It seemed to be just another “tourist investor” as one VC luminary dubs those who occasionally traipse through Silicon Valley looking to pick up sexy startups.
▽rewrote the rules-change the game
▽handing out cash left and right-真的是很有钱嘛
▽conglomerate-big company/cororpation/groups/empire/cartel
-made up of parts from various sources or of various kinds
-a large business firm consisting of several different companies
▽survive the softbank onslaught-onslaught especially fierce attach
word clusters: onslaught/slaughter/slaughterer/slaughter hourse
▽unravel-un ravel ravel tied with a string and slope; if a plan is unravelled it breaks up and begins to fail.
还有一种unravel的高频用法是resolve the intricacy complexity or obscurity of : clear up， 例如unravel the mystrics
▽culminate-to reach the highest or a climactic or decisive point
culminate in the collapse of...一般cultiminate了就会崩塌，所以这两个词经常结伴出现
▷veteran-a former member of the armed forces 一般指老兵，老油条 old hand， vs apprentice学徒， new boots新人， rookie菜鸟 amateur业余 trainee受训新人 candidate候选人 probationer试用人 freshman greenhorn
fledgling毛没长齐 tenderfoot learner student new comer entrant新入者 novice neophyte tyro 还有virgin
▽gloat-gloat over an enemy's misfortune think and observe about sth/sb with malicious satisfcation gratification or delight所谓的幸灾乐祸
▽luminary-a person of prominence or brilliant achievement，前几天的unwell women就有这个词 famale luminary
▽traipse through-walk tramp go on foot; 但这个traipse是走得很不乐意，
第一种是你自己不乐意
-If you traipse somewhere you go there unwillingly often because you are tired or unhappy.
第二种是别人不乐意
-If you talk about people traipsing somewhere you mean that they are going there or moving about there in a way that annoys someone or gets in their way.
就是那种你看到他traipse你想在背后给他屁股一脚的感觉
▽dub-give description or a name 描述定义
还有一个高频的用法是配音转录audio dubbing，film dubbing
P1：there is a new comer in town...
应了好莱坞编剧的一句话，世界上所有的剧本都可以归结为两种模式，一种是the hero starts a new journey， 比如之前伴读过的《天下和梁梦-袁隆平》；另外一种是 there is a new comer in town.
这一篇就是典型的第二种，一个东亚的富豪正义孙哥带着大包小包来到了镇上，到处发银子，handing cash left and right， 还rewrote the rule， 这不是孙麻子吗？镇上的“黄老爷”们好像不大欢迎孙软银，他们在塔楼上开了个研讨会，一致认为这种“tourist investor”，不过是鹅城上任，雁过拔毛，在大街上traipse through，looking to pickup sexy startups， 来抢咱们的花姑娘的。佩服小编，一段三句，剑拔弩张，人心惶惶。
P2
Now SoftBank is being upstaged by another brash outsider. Between January and May Tiger Global Management a New York hedge fund that also invests in private tech firms ploughed money into 118 startups ten times more than it backed in the same period in 2020 according to Crunchbase a data provider. Its portfolio now counts more than 400 firms including several behind some of the past year’s most eye-catching IPOs for example Coinbase a cryptocurrency exchange and Roblox a video-game maker. And as it told investors in February it is “searching for ways to make our investment flywheel spin faster”. Its new vehicle aims to raise an additional $10bn. That may be less than SoftBank’s gargantuan $100bn Vision Fund but it is still an awful lot by VCstandards—and the New Yorker may leave a more enduring mark on Silicon Valley than its deep-pocketed Japanese rival has.
▽upstage-someone upstages you they draw attention away from you by being more attractive or interesting.
outshine/overshadow/eclipse
▽plough money into-invest into plough 犁田 这个短语在上周的《疫情后的公司投资》corporate investment里面出现过；注意这里back和investment以及plough money into的同义
▽cyptocurrency-时下最火的虚拟币
▽flywheel spin faster-这发言人是个哪吒的粉丝
▽gargantuan-anything of tremendous size or volume
-Gargantua is the name of a giant king in François Rabelais's 16th-century satiric novel Gargantua.
▽an awful lot- a large amount very much awful 这里是very extremely
▽leave a more enduring mark-lasting durable
▽deep-pocketd: 口袋不深哪来那么多银子handing out cash left and right？
P1：there is a new comer in town...
P2：the former big star is upstaged
好像老大哥风头被小弟盖过了，感觉是从《让子弹飞》片场来到了《Rango》兰戈拍摄地，小蜥蜴未必打不过老乌龟。
P3
Similarities between Tiger and SoftBank are easy to see. Both were backers of Alibaba before the Chinese e-merchant went public and turned into a global giant. VCtypes commonly describe both firms as “aggressive” even “crazy”. Once each identifies a target it pounces; investment contracts are issued in days skipping lengthy due diligence often at valuations well above those suggested by conventional VCs. Just as SoftBank would occasionally sign ten-figure cheques when founders asked for eight or nine Tiger Global sometimes talks entrepreneurs into taking cash when they do not need it. “Even after they have already invested they send text message after text message asking whether they can put in more money ” says one founder recently backed by the firm.
▽backer 回想上段的invest and plough money into
▷once each identifies a target， it pounces 描述老虎的表达来了
pounce
-the claw of a bird or prey
-to seize with talons[hooked claw]
-to make suddent assault or approach for a prey or chance
▽skip lengthy due diligence
due diligence 金融术语尽职调查
尽职调查可以是给早期的创业企业，信息会相对少。比较常见的是ABC轮，之后是M&A，也有退市私有化。尽职调查的主要内容包括公司完整法律文件股权结构，商业活动，法律、财务， 人力，系统，运营，行业分析，等等。这是一个相当大的工程，往往需要多个部门协作，比如投资部门负责业务尽职调查，法律风控和财务风控，有时候也会请外部咨询顾问 包括但不仅限于：
1. shareholder and ownership
2. company structure and documents
3. customer and services
4. human resources
5. financial and tax
6. legal
7. industry
8. contracts and references
....
▽talk entreneurs into taking cash果然是rewrite the rules
P1：there is a new comer in town...
P2：the former big star is upstaged
你花得狠，我比你更狠
P3：the new one is more aggressive and crazy
p4
Tiger Global abhors such comparisons. And it is indeed distinct from the Japanese group in important ways. SoftBank only got into tech investing in earnest a few years ago having started out selling software before moving into online services and telecoms. By contrast Tiger Global has investing pedigree in spades. It is descended from Tiger Management a hugely successful hedge fund founded by Julian Robertson a Wall Street giant. It has been backing tech winners for nearly 20 years both in China and later in America (with investments in among others Facebook). Over that period its funds have generated an average internal rate of return of 26% a year twice that of comparable VCfunds. Whereas Son Masayoshi SoftBank’s messianic boss calls all the shots at his firm Tiger Global is no one-man show. And its partners eschew Mr Son’s embrace of individual founders based on a gut feeling in favour of a disciplined strategy centred on collecting a basket of firms in promising markets.
▽abhor-hate very much loathe/detest/exhort
▽distinct from...in important ways
▽has investing pedigree in spades
-pedigree: a distinguished ancestry
-in spades:in an extreme or emphatic way
▽Julian Rovertson
Julian Robertson is an American investor and former hedge fund manager best known for founding Tiger Management in 1980 which grew to be one of the most prominent hedge funds of its generation.1 Robertson closed the doors at Tiger in 2000 and has since been active in mentoring younger hedge fund managers and philanthropic ventures focusing on higher education and medical research. During the 1980s and the early 90s Robertson was often referred to as the “Father of Hedge Funds” and the “Wizard of Wall Street.”
▽Son Masayoshi
Son Masayoshi original name Yasumoto Masayoshi Japanese entrepreneur who served as chairman and CEO of Softbank Corp a media and telecommunications company he founded in 1981.
Investors in Son's Vision Fund include Apple Qualcomm Foxconn the family office of billionaire Larry Ellison and Saudi Arabia's sovereign fund. The Vision Fund has invested in over 100 companies including ride-share firm Grab Korean ecommerce leader Coupang and India's Paytm.
▽messianic-音译弥赛亚
-messianic means relating to a divine being who has been born or will be born and who will change the world.
-marked by idealism and an aggressive crusading spirit
▽calls all the shots
▽one-man show
▽eschew
-to avoid habitually especially on moral or practical grounds
-shun
▽gut feeling-an instinctive feeling as opposed to an opinion based on facts 从"肠子"里做出来的判断
▽in favour of 这里的in favour of 后面带的一串，介词短语做主语的伴随状语，描述的是its partner 而不是Mr son's embrace 阅读的时候除了语法分析还可以从语义的方向性找到分界
▽disciplined
Someone who is disciplined behaves or works in a controlled way.
▽a basket of 新闻已经出现够多了：一篮子
P1：there is a new comer in town...
P2：the former big star is upstaged
P3：the new one is more aggressive and crazy
p4: the difference between them
强盗和劫匪互相看不上
P5
There is another difference. Whereas the arrival of Mr Son left denizens of Sand Hill Road in Palo Alto where Silicon Valley VCs cluster quaking in their Allbirds they appear remarkably unfazed by Tiger’s presence. Despite competing with Tiger Global for early-stage investments many VCs consider it a force for good: a source of capital that helps their portfolio companies grow faster or start projects they may otherwise have forgone. Yet even if the New York firm follows SoftBank’s trajectory and pulls back which could happen if interest rates rise capital grows scarcer and the tech rally fizzles three factors that have contributed to its success are here to stay.
▽denizens-inhabitant/dweller/resident
vs foreigner/alien/guest/tourist/visitor
▽Sand Hill Road in Palo Alto大名鼎鼎的硅谷街区
▽cluster-array a number of things related
▽quaking in their Allbirds
quaking-to vibrate/shake/tremble/shudder like a bird
ususally from cold fear shock or instability
▽are here to stay- people have accepted it and it has become a part of everyday life 所谓的此情长留心间
Allbirds-a famous shoe brand in Silicon Valley
llbirds 是创立于美国的 DTC-direct to consumer 品牌，虽然外形和运动鞋类似，但实际定位于时尚休闲鞋。作为一家消费品公司，只用了 3 年时间就成长为“独角兽”企业，Allbirds 对于创投圈来说并不陌生，称得上是“网红品牌”
速度收割对产品极致挑剔的硅谷圈，谷歌联合创始人拉里·佩奇（Larry Page）、苹果公司首席执行官蒂姆·库克（Timothy Donald Cook）、甚至连互联网女皇玛丽·米克尔（Mary Meeker）都是这双鞋子的拥趸。
这里的quaking in their Allbirds 是双关，既用了quaking like birds的俗语， 又嘲讽了穿着潮鞋Allbirds的硅谷新贵
▽unfazed-undaunted，not afraid of
▽a force for good 凡事有两面a sword has two edges
▽forgone-to give up to do without to leave behind
▽follow the trajectory: the trail the path the orbit line of development
▽fizzle: 有个餐厅叫fizzler 铁板烧的滋滋声
If something fizzles it ends in a weak or disappointing way after starting off strongly
P1：there is a new comer in town...
P2：the former big star is upstaged
P3：the new one is more aggressive and crazy
p4: the difference between them
p5: another more meaningful differrence
根本性的差别在于“黄老爷”们并不抗拒老虎并愿意学习老虎的优点
P6
The first is the acceleration of dealmaking. Before the covid-19 pandemic negotiations happened mostly in person limiting the number of encounters. Meeting on Zoom and other video-conferencing platforms takes only a few clicks allowing both founders and investors to talk to many more potential partners. In Silicon Valley hardly a place known for foot-dragging the common refrain these days is that “things have never moved faster.” Keeping up with Tiger Global and its fellow New Yorkers such as Coatue Management and Insight Partners is an important reason.
▽encounter-to come upon face to face 所谓的大哥不如出来打个照面
▽foot-dragging，delay/lag/deferral 可不是庆余年中拖脚行走的高手
▽the common refrain-refrain，the repeated part 所谓的副歌
P1：there is a new comer in town...
P2：the former big star is upstaged
P3：the new one is more aggressive and crazy
p4: the difference between them
p5: another more meaningful differrence
P6: 1st here to stay-deal quicker
p7
Second Tiger Global has tried to be more systematic in evaluating startups. Although the firm never asks for board seats considering it a waste of time it knows plenty about its investments thanks to a growing array of ever better metrics with which to judge companies’ performance. It has also created its own early-warning network to identify promising targets. If a new online service takes off in one region for instance it may be time to put money in a similar firm in another location. Many VCfirms could learn a thing or two from this approach. “We are a bunch of horrible investors ” grimaces another veteran venture capitalist. “More than half of us don’t even return capital.” This recognition is music to the ears of their put-upon limited partners.
▽grimace-to distort one's face in disgust or disapproval
▽music to the ears-make feel very happy 所谓的如闻仙乐
▽put-upon treated badly by someone who takes advantage of your willingness to help them所谓的摆你一道
P1：there is a new comer in town...
P2：the former big star is upstaged
P3：the new one is more aggressive and crazy
p4: the difference between them
p5: another more meaningful differrence
P6: 1st here to stay-deal quicker
p7: 2nd here to stay-more systematic
P8
What the hand dare seize the fire?
Tiger Global’s final impact may be the most profound. It reflects a shift in the balance of power between investors and entrepreneurs. Traditionally investors had the upper hand. Startup founders pilgrimaged to Sand Hill Road seeking not just money but valuable advice that the best VCs would provide. Competition from Tiger Global and other tourists has forced Californian VCs to offer more generous terms monetary and otherwise. That in turn has made entrepreneurs themselves more confident. “It’s no fun to be an investor these days ” sums up the boss of a startup preparing to go public. The question for moneymen in Silicon Valley (which remains overwhelmingly male) is less what startup to back and more whether a startup lets you invest. Quite the paw print. ■
▽a shift in the balance of power-rewrite the rule 的另一种说法
▽upper hand-the more favorable condition or position in a competition，advantage 所谓的上手，顺风区
▽pilgrimage
-a pilgrimage is a journey that someone makes to a place that is very important to them.
所谓的朝圣之旅，比如西天取经
▽offer more generous terms-provide more offerings
▽quite the paw print-应是老虎留下了足印
P1：there is a new comer in town...
P2：the former big star is upstaged
P3：the new one is more aggressive and crazy
p4: the difference between them
p5: another more meaningful differrence
P6: 1st here to stay-deal quicker
p7: 2nd here to stay-more systematic
p8: 3rd and the most profound here to stay: shift the balance of power
"黄老爷们"的炮楼还在，但游戏规则变了，"黄老爷们"对鹅城百姓不再居高临下了
文章开头用得是 there is a tiger in town 文章结尾用quite he paw print，此时此刻想起苏轼一首诗：
人生到处知何似，应似飞鸿踏雪泥：
泥上偶然留指爪，鸿飞那复计东西。
无论老虎pull back与否，它的爪印已经长流湾区沙滩上，here to stay.
♔Take away Today
▷how the tiger moves?
paw/talon/once each identified a target， it prounced.
▷如何使用there is a stranger in town model 来开始一个故事grant story？
