化合价书写时原子团打括号吗：核言碎语 195

化合价书写时原子团打括号吗：核言碎语 195（待续）非金属的亲和能与金属的亲和能Electron affinity can be either positive or negative value. The greater the negative value the more stable the anion is. Although affinity varies greatly across the periodic table some patterns emerge. Generally the elements on the right side of the periodic table will have large negative electron affinity. The electron affinities will become less negative as you go from the

143 化学元素的电子亲和能

Electron Affinity of Chemical Elements

（https://www.nuclear-power.com/）

化学元素的电子亲和能

Electron affinity can be either positive or negative value. The greater the negative value the more stable the anion is. Although affinity varies greatly across the periodic table some patterns emerge. Generally the elements on the right side of the periodic table will have large negative electron affinity. The electron affinities will become less negative as you go from the top to the bottom of the periodic table. However nitrogen oxygen and fluorine do not follow this trend. Moreover nonmetals have more positive affinity than metals. Atoms whose anions are more stable than neutral atoms have a greater affinity. Chlorine most strongly attracts extra electrons while neon most weakly attracts an extra electron.

电子亲和能可以是正的也可以是负的。负离子的值越大，说明负离子越稳定。尽管元素周期表的亲和能有很大的不同，但还是有一些规律。一般来说，元素周期表右边的元素具有较大的负电子亲和能。从元素周期表的顶部到底部，电子亲和能的负性会降低。然而，氮、氧和氟并没有遵循这一趋势。此外，非金属比金属具有更强的正亲和能。阴离子更稳定的原子比中性原子具有更大的亲和能。氯对额外电子的吸引力最强，而氖对额外电子的吸引力最弱。

Affinities of Non metals vs. Affinities of Metals

非金属的亲和能与金属的亲和能

• Metals: Metals like to lose valence electrons to form cations to have a fully stable shell. The electron affinity of metals is lower than that of nonmetals. Mercury most weakly attracts an extra electron.
• 金属：金属倾向于失去价电子形成阳离子，以形成完全稳定的壳层。金属的电子亲和能比非金属的低。汞吸引额外电子的能力最弱。
• Nonmetals: Generally nonmetals have more positive electron affinity than metals. Nonmetals like to gain electrons to form anions to have a fully stable electron shell. Chlorine most strongly attracts extra electrons. The electron affinities of the noble gases have not been conclusively measured so they may or may not have slightly negative values.
• 非金属：一般来说，非金属比金属具有更多的正电子亲和能。非金属倾向于获得电子来形成阴离子，从而有一个完全稳定的电子壳层。氯最能吸引额外的电子。惰性气体的电子亲和能还未能被最终测量，所以它们可能有，也可能没有稍微负的值。

（待续）