高考英语必考语法知识点汇总（高考英语重点词法各个击破）

高考英语必考语法知识点汇总（高考英语重点词法各个击破）【考例2】-----Wheredid you get to know her? A. when B. why C. whether D. that (D) 4.用于强调句型中，起连接作用。如：Why! I have nothing to confess. What is itthat you want me to say? 5.替代词，既可替代可数名词，表特指；又可替代不可数名词，后接of。如：I’m moving to countryside becausethe air there is much fresher than that in the city. 【考例1】The traditional view is _ _ we sleep because our brain is“programmed”to make us do so.

【1】 that

１.引导名词性从句，只起连接作用，无具体意义。A story goes that ElizabethI of Englandliked nothing more than being surrounded by clever and qualified noblemen atcourt.

2.关系代词，用于限制性定语从句。如：Is this the reason that he explained at themeeting for his carelessness in his work?

3.程度副词，等于so.如：Sometimes it was a bit boring towork there because there wasn’t always that much to do.

4.用于强调句型中，起连接作用。如：Why! I have nothing to confess. What is itthat you want me to say?

5.替代词，既可替代可数名词，表特指；又可替代不可数名词，后接of。如：I’m moving to countryside becausethe air there is much fresher than that in the city.

【考例1】The traditional view is _ _ we sleep because our brain is“programmed”to make us do so.

A. when B. why C. whether D. that (D)

【考例2】-----Wheredid you get to know her?

------It was on the farm______weworked.

A. that B. there C. which D. where (D)

【考例3】Littlejoy can equal_______of a surprising ending when you read stories.

A. that B. those C. any D. some (A)

【考例4】Havingchecked the doors were closed and _____all the lights were off the boy openedthe door to his bedroom.

A. why B. that C. when D. where (B)

【考例5】----Hegot his first book published. It turned out to be a bestseller.

-----When was____?

------_____was in 2000 when he wasstill in college.

A. that; This B. this; It C. it; This D.that; It (D)

【考例6】TheEnglish spoken in the United States is only slightly different from ______spoken in England.（08全国卷I，33）

A. which B. what C. that D. the one （Ｃ）

【考例7】It was in New Zealand ___ Elizabeth first met Mr.Smith.(08全国卷II，20)

A. that B. how C. which D. when （A）

【考例8】Animals suffered at the hands of Man ___ they were destroyed by people to makeway for agricultural land to provide food for more people.（08江西卷，34）

A. in which B. for which C. so that D. in that （D）

【考例9】It was along the Mississippi River _______ Mark Twain spent much of hischildhood.（08天津卷，8）

A. how B. which C. that D. where （C）

【考例10】It was not until midnight theyreached the camp site.（08重庆卷，22）

A.that B. when C. while D. as （A）

【考例11】—Couldyou tell me how to get to Victoria Street?

—Victoria Street? ______ is where the GrandTheatre is.（08辽宁卷 26）

A. Such B. There C. That D. This （C）

【考例12】—Shall we go out for dinner tonight? —______.（08浙江卷，20）

A. Youare right B. It must be funny

C. That sounds great D. Have a nicetime （C）

【考例13】I’veheard a whisper ____ David and Heather are heading for marriage.(08四川延考区，4)

A.what B. which C. who D. that (D)

【２】what

1.引导名词性从句，担任句子成分。如：A modern city has been set up in what was awasteland ten years ago.

2.疑问代词，指不定范围的“什么”。如：What do you think I should do to make up forthe lost time?

3.whatever引导名词性从句和让步状语从句。如：These wild flowers are so special that Iwould do whatever I can to save them.

4.用于感叹句中。如：What terrible weather we’ve been having thesedays!

5.在情景交际中的用法：

What for?（表原因，译作“为何”）

What’s up?（相当于What’shappening?）

So what?（表“是……又怎么样呢？”）

What a shame!（表遗憾）

What’s more.（表递进）

What’s wrong?（表焦虑）

.What?（请对方部分重复时常用的表达用语。还可表示惊奇，对方不必作答。）如：

---Susan will you please go and empty thatdrawer?

---What for? (NMET2004)

【考例1】______mattersmost in learning English is enough practice.

A. What B. Why C. Where D. Which (A)

【考例2】_____hereferred to in his article was unknown to the general reader.

A. That B. What C. whether D. Where (B)

【考例3】_____worriesme is the way he keeps changing his mind.

A.This B. That C. What D. It (C)

【考例4】Theseaside here draws a lot of tourists every summer. Warm sunshine and soft sandsmake _____it is.

A. what B. which C. how D. where (A)

【考例5】Choosingthe right dictionary depends on _____you want to use it for.

A. what B. why C. how D. whether (A)

【考例6】Byimproving reading skills you can read faster and understand more of_____youread.

A. that B. what C. which D. whether (B)

【考例7】The companies are working together tocreate ____ they hope will be the bestmeans of transport in the 21st century.

A.which B.that C.what D. who （Ｃ）

【考例8】_____ is known to us all is that the 2008 Olympic Games will take place inBeijing.（08福建卷，27）

A.It B. What C.As D.Which （B）

【考例9】Whenasked _____ they needed most the kidssaid they wanted to feel important and loved. （08湖南卷，29）

A. what B. why C. whom D. which （A）

【考例10】_____ was most important to her she told me was her family.（08山东卷，23）

A. It B. This C. What D.As （C）

【考例11】People in Chongqing are proud of they have achieved in the past ten years.（08重庆卷，25）

A. that B. which C. what D. how （C）

【考例12】Somechildren want to challenge themselves by learning a language different from______ their parents speak at home.（08浙江卷，6）

A.what B. that C. which D. one （A）

【考例13】The lawyer seldom wears anything other than a suit ______ the season.（08全国卷I，25）

A. whatever B. wherever C.whenever D. however （A）

【３】where

1.从属连词，引导地点状语从句。如：The famous scientist grew up where he wasborn and in 1930 he came to Shanghai.

2.关系副词。用于定语从句。如：There were dirty marks on her trousers whereshe had wiped her hands.

3.连接副词，用于名词性从句。如：You are saying that everyone should be equaland this is where I disagree.

【考例1】Aftergraduation she reached a point in her career _______ she needed to decide whatto do.

A. that B. what C. which D.where (D) （此题考查定语从句）

【考例2】Thosesuccessful deaf dancers think that dancing is an activity _______ sight mattersmore than hearing.

A.when B.whose C.which D.where (D)

【解析】where引导定语从句修饰activity，在从句中作状语。答案为D项。

【考例3】Somepre-school children go to a day care center _______ they learn simple gamesand songs.

A. then B. there C. which D. where (D)

【解析】where引导非限制性定语从句，在句中作状语。选D.

【考例4】Thevillage has developed a lot ______ we learned farming two years ago.

A. when B. which C. that D. where (D)

【解析】Thevillage是先行词，where引导的被分割的定语从句。选D.

【考例5】Today we’ll discuss a number of cases _______ beginners of English fail to use thelanguage properly.

A. which B.as C. why D. where (D)

【解析】此题考查定语从句。先行词cases在定语从句中作状语，相当于in those cases 译为“情况”“境况”。选D.

【考例6】-----Wheredid you get to know her?

-----It was on the farm _______ weworked.

A. that B. there C. which D. where (D)

【考例7】Whynot try your luck downtown Bob? That’s _______ the best jobs are.

A. where B .what C. when D. why (A)

【考例8】All the neighbors admire this family. _________the parents are treating theirchild like a friend.

A. why B. where C. which D. that （B）

【考例9】I’ll give you y friend’s home address ____ I canbe reached most evenings.（08北京卷，28）

A.which B. when C.whom D. where (D)

【考例10】Later in this chapter cases will be introduced to readers __ consumercomplaints have resulted in changes in the law.（08江西卷，35）

A. where B. when C. who D. which （A）

【考例11】You’d better not leave the medicine _____ kids can get at it.（08山东卷，31）

A. even if B. which C. where D. so that （C）

【考例12】Tomorrow is Tom’s birthday. Have you got any idea the party is to be held?（08陕西卷，8）

A. what B. which C. that D. where （D）

【考例13】They will fly to Washington theyplan to stay for two or three days.（08重庆卷，21）

A. where B. there C. which D. when （A）

【4】which

1.疑问代词，指一定范围的“什么”，常译作“哪一个”。如：Which do you prefer to kill your sparetime---watching TV or reading?

2.关系代词，也可指代整个句子，但有别于as 不能置于句首；“介词 which”用法一直是高考热点。如：The factory produces half a million pairs ofshoes every year 80% of which are sold abroad.

3.连接代词，用于名词性从句中。如：I read about it in some book or other doesit matter which it was?

【考例1】Chan’srestaurant on Baker Street _________ used to be poorly run is now asuccessful business.

A. that B.which C. who D.where (B)

【考例2】Byserving others a person focuses on someone other than himself or herself _______ can be very eye-opening and rewarding.

A. who B. which C. what D. that (B)

【考例3】Humanfacial expressions differ from those of animals in the degree _______ they canbe controlled on purpose.

A. with wich B. to which C. of which D. for which (B)

【考例4】Itis reported that two schools ________ are being built in my hometown willopen next year.

A. they both B. which both C. both ofthem D. both of which (D)

【考例5】Hewas educated at the local high school _______ he went on to Beijing Uiversity?

A. after which B. after that C. in which D.in that (A)

【考例6】Hismovie won several awards at the film festival ________ was beyond his wildestdream.

A. which B. that C. where D. it (A)

【考例7】Ericreceived training in computer for one year _______ he found a job in bigcompany.

A. after that B. after which C. after it D. after this (B)

【考例8】The road conditions there turned out to be very good ___ was more than wecould expect.（08全国卷II，16）

A. it B. what C. which D. that （C）

【考例9】By nine o’clock all the Olympic torch bearers had reached the top of MountQomolangma ____ appeared a rare rainbow soon.（08福建卷，31）

A. of which B. onwhich C. fromwhich D. above which （D）

【考例10】 Thegrowing speed of a plant is influenced by a number of factors __________ arebeyond our control.(08湖南卷，31)

A.most of them B. most ofwhich C. most of what D.most of that （B）

【考例11】The man pulled out a gold watch were made of small diamonds.（08陕西卷 13）

A. the hands of whom B. whom the hands of C. which the hands of D. the hands of which （D）

【考例12】For many cities in the world there is no room to spread our further _______New York is an example.（08四川卷，4）

A. for which B. in which C. of which D. from which （C）

【考例13】The Science Museum ____________ we visited during a recent trip to Britain isone of London’s tourist attractions.（08江苏卷，24）

A. which B. what C. that D.where （A）

【考例14】Yesterday she sold her car ______ she bought a month ago.（08浙江卷，8）

A.whom B. where C. that D. which （D）

【5】it

1.替代词it，替代同一事物而非同类事物，也可指代前面整个句子。如：Tom’smother kept telling him that he should work harder but it didn’t help.

2.先行词it，用于名词性从句中，作形式主语或宾语。如：Ilike it in the autumn when the weather is clear and bright.

3.引导词it，用于强调句型中。如：Itwas not until midnight that he went back home after the experiment.

4.虚意it，无具体意义，用来指时间、距离、天气等或较笼统、较模糊的情况。如：

-----I’d like to take a week’s holiday.

-----Forget it. We’re too busy.

5.人称代词it，指动物或无生命的东西，如：

Bill’s aim is to inform the viewers thatcigarette advertising on TV is illegal isn’t it?

【考例1】Idon’t mind her criticizing me but ______ is how she does it that I object to.

A. it B. that C. this D. which (A)

【考例2】------Haveyou heard the latest news?

-------No what _____?

A. is it B. is there C. are they D. are those (A)

【考例3】Hedidn’t make _____ clear when and where the meeting would be held.

A. this B. that C. it D. these (C)

【考例4】______feltfunny watching myself on TV.

A. One B. This C. It D. That (C)

【考例5】Inmy opinion life in the twenty-first century is much easier than ______.

A. that used to be B. it is used to C. it was used to D. it used to be (D)

【考例6】----How much do I owe you for lunch? ----______.It’s nothing.（08天津卷，9）

A. You’re welcome B. Forget it C. With pleasure D. That’s right （B）

【6】when

1.引导时间状语从句。如：Don’t be afraid of asking for help when it isneeded.

2.类似并列连词，表at that time 常用于be about to do ... when hardly...when等句型中。如：

We were swimming in the lake when suddenlythe storm started.

3.表原因，同since。如：Why do you want a new job when you’ve gotsuch a good one already?

4.连接副词，用于名词性从句中。如：I remember when this used to be a quietvillage.

5.关系副词，用于定语从句中。如：The film brought the hours back to me when Iwas taken good care of in that far-away village.

6.whenever引导名词性从句和让步状语从句。如：You can eat food free in my restaurantwhenever you like.

7.表让步，同even if.如：The enemy held out when they must have knownthere was no hope.

【考例１】-----Where’s that report?

-----I brought it to you _____youwere in Mr.Black’s office yesterday.

A. if B. when C. because D. before (B)

【考例２】The book was written in 1946 ________ theeducation system has witnessed great changes.（07山东卷，35）

A. when B. during when C. sincethen D.since when (D) （考查状语从句）

【考例3】Nancy enjoyed herself so much ______ she visited her friends in Sydney lastyear.（08福建卷，28）

A.that B.which C.when D. where （C）

【考例4】Occasions are quite rare ____ I have the time to spend a day with my kids.（08山东卷，26）

A. who B. which C.why D. when （D）

【考例5】There were some chairs left over _____ everyone had sat down.（08四川卷，6）

A. when B. until C. that D. where （A）

【考例6】The last time we had great fun was _____ we were visiting the Water Park.（08天津卷，12）

A. where B. how C. when D. why （C）

【考例7】I used to love that film ______ I was a child but I don’t feel it that way anymore.（08江苏卷，32）

A. once B.when C. since D. although （B）

【考例8】Janeis back in May by______ the new house should be finished.(08四川延考区，14)

A.which B. that C. whom D. when (D)

【7】an/a/the

1.结合语境，分析特指与泛指。

【考例1】Ilooked under _______ bed and found _______ book I lost last week. （07北京卷）

A. the; a B. the; the C. /; the D.the; / (B)

【解析】根据语境，两空均为特指。故选B。

【考例2】Anaccident happened at _______ crossroads a few meters away from ______ bank.

A. a;a B. /; a C. /; the D. the; / (A)

【解析】依句首anaccident可知，这是听说的一件事，故两空均为泛指。

2.表示类别，分清整体和个体。The表示“人或物整体的一类”；a/an表示“一类人或物中的任何一个。”换言之，the是从种类整体讲的，而a/an则是从种类个体的角度讲的。

【考例3】AlexanderGaham Bell invented ______telephone in 1876.(NMET1991)

A. / B. a C. the D. one (C)

【解析】the是从整体角度讲的。

【考例4】Nowadays _ __ __mobile phone is _ ___ popular means of communication.

A. the; a B. a; / C. the; the D. a; the (A)

【解析】第一空表整体中的一类用the; 第二空表一种方式用a.

3.注意名词，分清抽象与具体。

【考例5】Wehave every reason to believe that ________ 2008 Beijing Olympic Games will be_______ success.

A. /; a B. the; / C. the; a D. a; a (C)

【解析】第一空表特指；第二空success 抽象名词具体化。

【考例6】Formany Beijingers dreams of living in _______ green area are becoming _____reality.

A. a; a B. the; the C. /; / D. a; the (A)

【解析】第一空表泛指选a; 第二空抽象名词具体化。

【考例7】It’s not ___ good idea to drive for four hours without ___ break.（08全国卷I，8）

A. a ; a B. the ; a C. the ; the D. a ; the （A）

【考例8】Have you heard news? The price of petrol is going up again！（08湖南卷，22）

A. the the B. 不填，the C. the 不填 D. 不填，不填 （C）

【考例9】--- I am so sorry to have come late for the meeting.

--- It is not your fault. With __ rush-hourtraffic and __ heavy rain it is no wonder you were late.（08江西卷，30）

A. a; a B. the; the C. /; / D. /; a （B）

【考例10】Students should be encouraged to use ___ Internet as ____ resource.（08山东卷，21）

A. 不填；a B. 不填；the C. the; the D.the; a （D）

【考例11】I ate sandwich while I was waiting for 20:08 train.（08陕西卷，10）

A. the a B. the the C. a the D. a a （C）

【考例12】In many places in China bicycle is still____ poplar means of transportation.（08重庆卷，27）

A. a; the B. /; a C. the; a D. the; the （C）

【考例13】21.We went right round to the west coast by __________ sea instead of drivingacross _________ continent.（08江苏卷，21）

A. the… the B. / … the C. the … / D. / … / （B）

【考例14】My neighbor asked me to go for ______ walk but I don’t think I’ve got ______energy.（08辽宁卷，24）

A. a; 不填 B. the; the C. 不填；the D.a; the （D）

【考例15】In the United States there is always ____ flow of people to areas of ______country where more jobs can be found. （08四川卷，8）

A. a; the B. the ; a C. the; the D. a; a （A）

【考例16】______ apple fell from the tree and hit him on ______ head.（08浙江卷，2）

A. An;the B. The; the C. An; 不填 D. The; 不填（A）

【8】while

1.引导时间状语从句，从句谓语动词为延续性动词。如：

----I’m going to the post office.

---While you’re there can you get me somestamps? (NMET1999)

2.并列连词，表两相对照。如：The cost of living in Glasgowis among the lowest in Britain while the quality of life is probably one of the highest. (天津2006)

3.引导让步状语从句，表“部分接受，并非全部”。如：While I accept that he is not perfect I doactually like the person. (江苏2006)

【考例1】________I really don’t like the art I find his work impressive.（07山东卷，29）

A. As B. Since C. If D. While (D)

【考例2】I’dlike to study law at university _______ my cousin prefers geography. （07四川卷，29）

A. though B. as C. while D. for (C)

【考例3】______the Internet is of great help I don’t think it’s a food idea to spendtoo much time on it. （08湖南卷，33）

A.If B. While C. Because D. As （B）

【考例4】In some places women are expected to earn money ____ men work at home and raisetheir children.（08四川卷，12）

A. but B. while C. because D. though （B）

【9】as

1.关系代词，引导限制性定语从句和非限制性定语从句。如：As is often the case we have worked out theproduction plan.

2.用作介词，表“作为”或用在动词treat recognize等之后。如：I feel that one of my main duties as ateacher is to help the students to become better learners.

3.从属连词，引导状语从句，表“让步、时间、方式、比较、原因等。如：

Mother was worried because little Alice was ill especially as father was away in France.

As the day went on the weather got worse.

It is reported that the United States uses twice as much energy as thewhole of Europe.

4.as常见搭配：as good as (与……一样好；实际上，几乎等于) as well (as) (也；与……一样好)，as much（如此），as far as（据……），notso much as （不如……）等。如：Aslong as I know the money is safe I shall not worry about it.

-----How far apart do they live?

-----As far as I know they live in the sameneighbourhood.

John plays football as well as if not betterthan David.

【考例1】________ his idea was accepted by all the people at the meeting.

A. Strange as might it sound B. As it might sound strange C. As strange it might sound D. Strange as it might sound (D)

【考例2】TheBeatles _______ many of you are old enough to remember came from Liverpool.

A. since B. when C. as D. while (C)

【解析】as引导的非限制性定语从句。

【考例3】Hisplan was such a good one _______ we all agreed to accept it.

A. as B. that C. so D. and (B)

【解析】accept后有宾语it，所以这是such......that......引导的结果状语从句。

【考例4】Johnis the tallest boy in the class ______ according to himself.

A. five foot eight as tall as B. as tall as five foot eight C. as five foot eight as D. as tall five foot eight as (B)

【解析】as引导的比较状语从句。

【考例5】31.—Have you got any idea for the summer vacation?

—I don’t mind where we get ______ there’s sun sea andbeach.

A. as if B. as long as C. nowthat D. in order that

（B）（08全国卷I，31）

【考例6】My English teacher’s humor was ____ make every student burst into laughter.（08江西卷，22）

A. so as to B. such as to C. such that D. so that （B）

【考例7】Ten years ago the population of our village was______ that of theirs.（08陕西卷，16）

A. as twice large as B. twice as large as C. twice as much as D. as twice much as （B）

【考例8】I like this jacket better than that one but it costs almost three times______.（08浙江卷，3）

A. asmuch B. as many C. so much D. so many （A）

【考例9】Let’s learn to use the problem we are facing _____ a stepping-stone to futuresuccess.（08全国卷I，24）

A. to B. for C.as D. by （C）当作

【考例10】–I think you’d better type this letter again before Mr. Smith see it.（08江西卷，21）

-- Oh dear! _______

A. Who cares? B. No problem C. I don’t mind at all D. Is it as bad as that? （D）

【10】before

1.引导时间状语从句，“在……之前”，常见于“It will be...(long)before....”句型。如：It was evening before we reached the littletown of Winchester.

It will not be long before we know the result of the experiment.

2.用于祈使句中，既表时间，又表隐含条件，可译作“要不然、否则”，近似or。如：Getout before it got worse.

Put back the book where it is before it getstorn.

3.从属连词，“宁愿……与其……”用法近似于would rather...than...如：He will die before he tells the secret.

4.从属连词，有“不知不觉某事已经完成”的意思，常见于“...before I know it”。如：We had come to the store before we know it.

5.副词，“从前，以前”，常与完成时连用。如：They have known each other long before.

【考例1】Thefield research will take Joan and Paul about five months; it will be a longtime____we meet them again.

A. after B. before C. since D. when (B)

【考例2】Hewas told that it would be at least three more months_____he could recover andreturn to work.（07福建卷，29）

A. when B. before C. since D. that (B)

【考例3】I’m sorry you’ve been waiting so long but it’ll still be some time ____ Brianget back.（08北京卷，34）

A. before B. since C.till D. after （A）