初中英语被动语态专项练习题（初中英语语法精品资料第十五讲）
初中英语被动语态专项练习题（初中英语语法精品资料第十五讲）②不说或者众所周知是谁做时 用被动语态 省略by短语。如：Rice is also grown in this place.(这个地方也种水稻)/ A railroad will be built here in three years.(三年之后这里将要修建一条铁路)① 不知道谁是动作的执行者(即不知道谁做)时用被动语态 省略by短语。如：A man was killed in the accident.(一个人死于事故)/ This window was broken yesterday.(这扇窗子是昨天被打破的)英语中被动语态由"助动词be 动词的过去分词"构成。助动词be有时态、人称和数的变化。被动语态后的by短语有时可省去。具体结构见下表：[注] p.p.表示过去分词。3.被动语态的用法
【重难点释疑】
1.被动语态定义
被动语态是动词的一种特殊形式 用来说明主语与谓语动词之间的关系。如果主语是 动作的执行者(即某人做某事) 便叫主动语态；如果主语是动作的承受者(即某事被做) 便叫被动语态。主动与被动的区别不是词序的区别 而是主语与谓语意义上的区别。在英语中只有及物动词和一些相当于及物动词的词组才有被动语态的形式。
2.被动语态的构成
英语中被动语态由"助动词be 动词的过去分词"构成。助动词be有时态、人称和数的变化。被动语态后的by短语有时可省去。具体结构见下表：
[注] p.p.表示过去分词。
3.被动语态的用法
① 不知道谁是动作的执行者(即不知道谁做)时用被动语态 省略by短语。如：A man was killed in the accident.(一个人死于事故)/ This window was broken yesterday.(这扇窗子是昨天被打破的)
②不说或者众所周知是谁做时 用被动语态 省略by短语。如：Rice is also grown in this place.(这个地方也种水稻)/ A railroad will be built here in three years.(三年之后这里将要修建一条铁路)
③强调动作的承受者 句尾加by短语。如：It was written by Lu Xun.(它(书)是鲁迅写的)/ A pet dog is never killed by its owner.(宠物狗是不会被主人宰杀的)
4. 主动语态如何改写为被动语态
主动句： 主语(人/物) 谓语(及物动词) 宾语(人/物) 其他 状语
(动作的执行者) (各种时态形式) (动作的承受者)
被动句： 主语(人/物) 谓语(及物动词) by 人 / 物 其他 状语
(动作的承受者) (be 过去分词) (动作的执行者)
【注意】
①"动词 间接宾语 直接宾语"改为被动时 可以用间接宾语做被动句的主语。如：
His teacher gave him a dictionary.→He was given a dictionary by his teacher.
(老师给他一本字典→他得到老师一本字典)
也可以用直接宾语做被动句的主语 但是需用to或者for引出原句的间接宾语。如：His teacher gave him a dictionary.→A dictionary was given to him by his teacher.(老师给他一本字典→一本字典由老师送给了他)/His father made him a kite.→A kite was made for him by his father.(他的父亲给他做了一个风筝→一个风筝由他的父亲做给了他)
②"动词 宾语 动词原形"改为被动时 动词原形前要加to.如：The boss made the poor man work 12 hours a day.→The poor man was made to work 12 hours a day.(老板让这个可怜的人一天工作12小时→这个可怜人被迫一天工作12小时)
③"动词 … 介词"改为被动时 介词一般在原位不动。如：The girl takes good care of her little brother.→The girl's little brother is taken good care of by her.(女孩照顾小弟弟→女孩的小弟弟由她照顾着)
④"be 过去分词"未必表示被动语态 而可能是系表结构。如：
He is pleased / worried / tired /…….(系表)(他高兴/焦虑/疲劳……)
He was hit / knocked down / told / shot / …….(被动)(他被击中/撞倒/关照/射中……)
基础能力演练
一、1. he telephone was invented(invent) by Alexander Graham Bell in 1876.
2. The storybook can not be taken (not take) out of the reading room.
3. The environment in my hometown is improving because many trees are planted (plant) every year.
4. Many teachers from cities will be sent(send) to the west provinces of our country to help the poor students there next year.
5.hat machine is broken. It is going to/will be repaired (repair) tomorrow.
6. — What language is spoken (speak) in Canada?
— Both English and French.
7. I think e-books will be used (use) more than paper books in the future.
8. — Why have I never seen this kind of 5G mobile phone?
— Because it was produced (produce) by Huawei last week.
9. You are given (give) lunch at school. So you don't have to bring your own food.
10.Wuchazi Bridge is regarded (regard) as an Internet-famous place in Chengdu.
11.Some of the world's greatest books were written (write) long ago.
12.After New China was founded (found) people lived a happy life.
13. With the rapid progress in high technology 5G will be used (use) around most parts of China in the near future.
14. The old lady was taken (take) to the hospital in time at last.
15. Our plan to have a graduation ceremony will/is going to be discussed (discuss) in the next class meeting.
16. According to the new city rules we are asked (ask) to show our green health codes (健康码) when we go to public places.
17. —Mr White when shall I hand in my report?
—As soon as it is finished (finish) tomorrow.
18. Aizhai Great Bridge was built (build) in March 2012 and it is one of the highest bridges in Asia.
19.Basketball was played (play) in 1891. Then in 1936 in Berlin it became an event at the Olympics.
20. — China is getting stronger and stronger.
— Yes. So Chinese is learned (learn) by more and more foreigners.
二、
It was a very foggy day in London. The fog was so thick that it was impossible 21. to see (see) more than a foot or so.
Buses cars and taxis were not able to 22. run (run) and were standing by the side of the road.
People 23. were trying (try) to find their way about on foot but were losing their way in the fog.
Mr Smith had a very important meeting at the House of Commons and had to get there but no one 24. could take (take) him.
He tried to walk there but found he was quite lost. Suddenly he bumped into a stranger. The stranger 25. asked (ask) if he could help him.
Mr Smith said he wanted to get to the Houses of Parliament. The stranger told him he 26. would/could take (take) him there.
Mr Smith thanked him and they started 27. to walk/walking (walk) there. The fog was getting thicker every minute but the stranger had no difficulty 28. finding (find) the way.
He went along one street turned down another crossed a square and at last after about half an hour's walk they 29. arrived (arrive) at the Houses of Parliament.
Mr Smith couldn't understand how the stranger 30. knew (know) his way so well. "It is wonderful " he said. "How do you find the way in this fog? "
"It is no trouble at all to me " said the stranger. "I am blind. "
能力突破演练
1.Now waste frly life in the city of Shanghai ______ to be separated into four different groups.
A. is requiring B. is required C. was required D. required
2.Another bridge over the Jialing River ______last year.
A. builds B. built C. is built D. was built
3.In Miss class many chances ___________ to students to learn from each other.
A. offer B. offered C. are offering D. are offered
4.You lunch at school. So you don't have to bring your own food.
A. give B. will give C. are given D. have given
5.You can't wear shoes inside this place. It __________.
A. doesn't allow B. isn't allowed C. hasn't allowed D. wasn't allowed
6.A baby's finth birthday is a special event in China and _____with a special Party.
A. celeb B. is celebrated C. was celebrated D. will celebrate
7.Have you hhat the 2022 Winter Olympics ______________ in Beijing?
A. held B. are held C. were held D. will be held
8.These cakes_________ with chocolate. Have one please.
A. fill B. filled C. are filled D. were filled
9.—Lucy what have you learnt from this history class?
—Paper __________first __________about 2 000 years ago in China.
A. is; invented B. was; invented C. is; inventing D. was; inventing
10.Some people think trees____ on Tree Planting Day only.
A. should plant B. should be planted C. should be plant D. should be planting
11.His car ____ five years ago but it looks quite new.
A. buys B. bought C. is bought D. was bought
12.The Hong Kuhai—Macao Bridge in 2018. We are proud of it.
A. is completed B. is completing C. was completed D. completes
13.I learnt towhen I was six. I ___________ by my mother.
A. am taught B. was taught C. will be taught D. have taught
14.My advice on save paper ________ by my class last Monday.
A. accepts B. accepted C. was accepted D. is accepted
15.I have bike. It _____ to me as a birthday gift by my father.
A. gives B. gave C. was giving D. was given
16.As far as I khe robot that can sweep the floor ________ in the 1980s.
A. is invented B. invented C. was invented D. has invented
17.—It's reporte 31 of the brave young men ________ in a big forest fire in Sichuan.
—I don't know who they are but I know who they are for.
A. were killing B. were killed C. killed D. had killed
18.— I enjoy walking on the clean streets in the morning.
— You know they by the hard-working cleaners every day.
A. clean B. are cleaned C. are cleaning D. will clean
19.—What do you think of yesterday's activity in your community?
—Wonderful. A lot of useful advice on self protection .
A. is offered B. are offered C. was offered D. were offered
20.—Final exam is coming Tom. Don't watch TV for too long.
—I'm not a child any more. I ______ what to do.
A. should always be told B. should always tell
C. shouldn't always be told D. shouldn't always tell
答案与解析
1. B
2. D
3. D
4. C
5. B
6. B
7. D
8. C
9. B
10. B
11. D
12. C
13. B
14. C
15. D
16. C
17. B
18. B
19. C
20.C
