饺子的制作过程双语（文明铺子双语专栏）

饺子的制作过程双语（文明铺子双语专栏）卷心菜卷最初来自土耳其。随着土耳其占领越来越多的土地，这种食物流传到几十个国家并被本土化，其中包括俄罗斯、瑞典、乌克兰、保加利亚、芬兰、德国、波兰、希腊、哈萨克斯坦和塞尔维亚等等。每个国家的卷心菜卷都有自己的特色，其中罗马尼亚将其作为本国文化的重要组成部分和主要传统食物。100多年来，无论是复活节、圣诞节、新年派对还是国庆日，卷心菜卷都会是节日佳肴。甚至在婚礼上，它也非常普遍。罗马尼亚的卷心菜卷，由肉糜、大米、洋葱、番茄沙司、百里香蒜、月桂叶等等食材包裹在用醋腌制好的包菜或卷心菜中制作而成。这种承载着多元文化传统的美味佳肴，广泛流传于数十个国家。从此，很多人模仿张仲景这道“耳朵”食谱，填充蔬菜和其他肉类。后世的中医认为，张仲景的食疗除了味美，还有助于血液流通，防止耳朵冻伤。这种“耳朵”形状的食物，就是后来的“饺子”。张仲景把“耳朵”分发给在除夕和冬至期间康复的村民。吃饺子的文化传统从此一代

□陈保君（马来西亚） 邓琳娜（罗马尼亚）

《风味人间》里的《农村里的饺子》这一集让我回想起三年前到中国河南一游时吃的饺子。至今还是难以忘怀。

饺子对中国来说有不同的意义，它不仅只是美食还代表着喜庆团圆等。在中国，饺子的作法各式各样，味道林林总总。在很多重要的场合，如冬至、春节，中国人菜单中肯定会有饺子。

相传东汉时，一年冬天，许多人染上风寒发热。由于缺乏过冬的衣服和食物，很多穷人被冻伤，特别是耳朵冻伤严重。名医张仲景看到后，决定先给病人降温。于是，他煮了羊肉并把一些药材和黑胡椒裹在面皮上，一起捏成耳朵的形状，再把它们煮熟。每位病人都可得到一碗热汤和两个“耳朵”。过了几天，冻伤消失，疫情得到了控制。

从此，很多人模仿张仲景这道“耳朵”食谱，填充蔬菜和其他肉类。后世的中医认为，张仲景的食疗除了味美，还有助于血液流通，防止耳朵冻伤。这种“耳朵”形状的食物，就是后来的“饺子”。张仲景把“耳朵”分发给在除夕和冬至期间康复的村民。吃饺子的文化传统从此一代代传承下来。

据南北朝时颜之推描写，如月牙形的饺子令人流连忘返、回味无穷。在农历除夕夜，人们吃饺子时还会在饺子里藏一枚干净的硬币，谁找到硬币谁就会幸运。如今，饺子举世闻名，不仅中国人喜欢，也受到各国友人的喜爱。

饺子也让我联想到罗马尼亚的Sarmale（卷心菜卷）。它和饺子有异曲同工之妙，只不过它包裹食材不是用面皮，而是用酸菜。

罗马尼亚的卷心菜卷，由肉糜、大米、洋葱、番茄沙司、百里香蒜、月桂叶等等食材包裹在用醋腌制好的包菜或卷心菜中制作而成。这种承载着多元文化传统的美味佳肴，广泛流传于数十个国家。

卷心菜卷最初来自土耳其。随着土耳其占领越来越多的土地，这种食物流传到几十个国家并被本土化，其中包括俄罗斯、瑞典、乌克兰、保加利亚、芬兰、德国、波兰、希腊、哈萨克斯坦和塞尔维亚等等。每个国家的卷心菜卷都有自己的特色，其中罗马尼亚将其作为本国文化的重要组成部分和主要传统食物。100多年来，无论是复活节、圣诞节、新年派对还是国庆日，卷心菜卷都会是节日佳肴。甚至在婚礼上，它也非常普遍。

卷心菜卷。图片来源：新华网

薄饼（Popiah）是马来西亚著名的传统小吃。但它起源于中国福建的“春卷”，由福建移民传播到世界。薄饼与饺子和卷心菜卷一样，都是把馅料包裹在皮里面，只是薄饼用非常薄的春卷皮来包裹。如今，这种食物广泛流行在马来西亚、新加坡、印度尼西亚、柬埔寨等国家。

马来西亚薄饼的馅料，最常见的是豆腐干、生菜、鸡蛋、胡萝卜、黄瓜、豆薯、笋丝、长豆、烤花生、豆芽等等，香肠和猪肉是可选配料。而当地华裔的版本包含海鲜如蟹肉、虾等。此外，人们还会在薄饼上涂薄薄的辣椒酱、大蒜酱和甜酱，使其更有口感和特色。

长沙夜经济，藏着各色美食江湖。

不同国家的薄饼馅料不同、口味不同，大多根据当地人的喜好、习惯和习俗制作。薄饼能灵活地融入和结合当地食材，适应不同的社会需求，因而生存能力很强。

如今，这三种食物已在世界每个角落流传，并收获大量的粉丝。不过其中最让我喜爱的，还是莫过于饺子。

Chinese dumplings ：an irreplaceable delicacy

The episode of "Dumplings in the countryside" in "Once Upon a Bite " reminds me of the dumplings I ate when I visited Henan Province three years ago. It is still hard to forget.

For Chinese people behind dumplings there is a different connotation. It does not only mean a delicacy but also a cheerful reunion. In China dumplings are made in a variety of ways with various shapes and patterns. The filling is even more diverse rich and fragrant and the taste is excellent. No matter the occasion such as New Year and Spring Festival the Chinese menu will definitely have the presence of the beloved dumplings. It is not only a Chinese cultural delicacy but also of a great importance for Chinese culture.

According to the legend during the Eastern Han Dynasty many people suffered from fever on one winter. Due to the lack of warm clothes and food many poor people suffered from cold and frostbite especially their ears. After seeing this the famous doctor Zhang Zhong Jing decided to break the fever first. Therefore he boiled the mutton and wrapped some herbs and black pepper in dough shaped them into ears and cooked them. Each patient gets a bowl of hot soup and two "ears". After a few days the frostbite disappeared and the epidemic was brought under control.

From that moment most people began to adjust and imitate the recipes of Zhang Zhong Jing's traditional Chinese medicine by adding vegetables and meat. Later generations of Chinese medicine experts believed that Zhang Zhong Jing's dish not only tasted delicious but also helped blood flow and prevented ear frostbite. This kind of "ear"-shaped food is the later "dumpling". Zhang Zhong Jing distributed "ears" to villagers who recovered during the New Year's Eve and Winter Solstice. The cultural tradition of eating dumplings has been passed down from generation to generation.

According to the description of Yan Zhi Tui who lived during the Northern Qi Dynasty the crescent-shaped dumplings are evocative and memorable. On Lunar New Year's Eve when people are eating dumplings they will hide a clean coin inside the dumpling and whoever finds the coin will be blessed with good luck. Today dumplings are world-famous not only loved by Chinese people but also by friends from all over the world.

In addition to dumplings there is another Romanian dish: Sarmale (cabbage roll) which is similar to dumplings. It is comparable to dumplings except that it uses fermented cabbage instead of dough to wrap the ingredients.

The Sarmale in Romania are made of minced meat rice onion tomato sauce thyme garlic bay leaf and other ingredients wrapped in cabbage or fermented cabbage with vinegar. This delicacy which carries multicultural traditions is widely spread in many countries.

At first this dish was developed by Türkiye. However when they conquered more and more countries this formula was shared and modified by dozens of other countries such as Russia Sweden Ukraine Bulgaria Finland Germany Poland Greece Kazakhstan and Serbia to name a few. The cabbage rolls of these countries have their own characteristics and Romania regards them as an important part of its own culture. For over 100 years cabbage rolls have been a festive treat whether it's Easter Christmas New Year or National Day and it's even common at weddings.

Popiah is one of the famous traditional snacks in Malaysia. However it originated from "spring roll" in Fu Jian Province of China and spread to all parts of the world by immigrants from Fu Jian Province. The similarities with the above-mentioned dumplings and cabbage rolls consists in the fact that the filling is wrapped in dough but the difference is that the pancake is wrapped with a very thin spring roll dough. Today this dish is well-known in many countries such as Malaysia Singapore Indonesia Cambodia and other places.

The most popular fillings for popiah include dried tofu lettuce eggs carrots cucumbers sweet potatoes bamboo shoots long beans roasted peanuts bean sprouts etc. Sausage and pork are optional ingredients while the native Chinese version includes seafood such as crab meat and shrimp. In addition they will add a drop of chili sauce garlic sauce and sweet sauce on the popiah to make the popiah more palatable and unique.

Different countries have different fillings and tastes in making popiah and most of them are made according to local preferences customs and traditions. Popiah can flexibly integrate and combine the ingredients available locally and at the same time they can adapt to different social needs so they have strong survivability.

Now these three kinds of food have been spread in every corner of the world and have gained a large number of fans. However what I like the most are the dumplings.

指导老师：刘海明 王小杨