查字典快速又准确的妙招，巨变学习法系列巧用字典续

查字典快速又准确的妙招，巨变学习法系列巧用字典续Recommended Dictionaries字典推荐衷心祝愿心怡字典成为你的生活伴侣！ 此续篇为如何使用字典的收藏篇，有用字典的中肯建议。在此章节中，罗恩教育团队推荐了实用的英英字典，像权威性牛津英文字典The Oxford Dictionary早已以高、初阶英英双解等形式翻译版在我国早已问世，文中列举的特殊版本尚未见中文双英。了解这部分内容后，个人可以根据自己英语进阶或国际深造需求增添新的更适合自己的英中或双解字典。我导师早对所谓袖珍型或Dinky不正规的小字典颇有微词，罗恩体系院校培训机构基本都是杜绝用此类字典清查字词的。网络字典的便捷，小小袖珍字典已完成一段历史使命，但学生课堂家庭还在广泛使用，要警惕其字义不全不准等危害。建议家庭和培训机构慎用小小字典，中等难度大部头字典查字必备。也可查阅本主页清理误字梯度等文图，获得利用网络字典的先决条件。 作者介绍的词典范围广，高阶的更主要针

前言

国际化进程中的你和孩子的双语“长征”选对字典啦吗？我所经历的神奇的罗恩教室，最吸引眼球的竟是琳琅满目各种各样的普通或专业字典……

“进修”生肤色、年龄、阅历不同，课堂督导体系用进度表控制每个学生资料完成；上限20人小班，可能不同科目在”自学”或配对进行中。同一科目进度每个人也不同。考试时间个性化不用统一，每次考试成绩总可以由督导指导重考而终获满分。各类字典，督导下自学为主的成人每个人至少有两本属于个人适用的心怡字典。记得在洛杉矶罗恩.贺伯特职工学院读书时，学前班用旧的《简明英汉词典》已翻碎成“历史文物”，用双英字典逐渐成习惯，还特为清字时梯度与局限定义和造句，添置了《儿童字典牛津 Oxford Children's Dictionary》 美国同学也争相借阅。督导 Ribaca 兴致勃勃，号召个班级英文字典查找比赛，像我在小学查四角号码比赛一样冲锋在前！虽理解英文总要老美帮忙，而翻英语字典最多的“黄脸乌龟”查字典速度总是头名，气得美语学霸直耸肩膀。美国应用教育学会的教师培训和其中小学也重磅推荐和应用罗恩导师的如何用英文字典内容。经该学会培训的教师在世界各地活跃着，教学质量或学习成绩与参照组对比总是遥遥领先。包括原上世纪八十年代我国教育部派出的赴美应用教育学会进修的山东等地中学教师。

其实最有资格评说字典的应是华人。中国古代字典编纂机构和沿革在世界文化史上曾留下浓墨重彩。《说文解字》 是中国第一部按部首编排的中文字典，由汉朝许慎编著。原作写於100年到121年 比起西方开始编写英文字典早数个世纪不止。传至今日的《解字》大多是宋朝版本 或者是清朝的段玉裁注释本。主要逐字解释字体来源。许慎写完之后 献给汉安帝。全书共分540部首 收字9353个 另有“重文”即异体字1163个 共10516字。堪称字典”大哥大”。中国历代皇家耗财编撰字典词源，传为佳话，当今各类英语字典翻译引进编纂也量大质高。只可惜国人用纸质字典的习惯在应试激流与电子潮中消退。像查英文词一样，网络提供了快速查词的方便，由于其收录高端高阶词典与例句，也存在过高的梯度、大量生词造成更多误字，尤其难度超高，并不适合初阶和尚未掌握学习方法的一般学子。

此续篇为如何使用字典的收藏篇，有用字典的中肯建议。在此章节中，罗恩教育团队推荐了实用的英英字典，像权威性牛津英文字典The Oxford Dictionary早已以高、初阶英英双解等形式翻译版在我国早已问世，文中列举的特殊版本尚未见中文双英。了解这部分内容后，个人可以根据自己英语进阶或国际深造需求增添新的更适合自己的英中或双解字典。

我导师早对所谓袖珍型或Dinky不正规的小字典颇有微词，罗恩体系院校培训机构基本都是杜绝用此类字典清查字词的。网络字典的便捷，小小袖珍字典已完成一段历史使命，但学生课堂家庭还在广泛使用，要警惕其字义不全不准等危害。建议家庭和培训机构慎用小小字典，中等难度大部头字典查字必备。也可查阅本主页清理误字梯度等文图，获得利用网络字典的先决条件。

作者介绍的词典范围广，高阶的更主要针对母语学者，鉴于国情，一些高阶词典就删除不予介绍和翻译了。

衷心祝愿心怡字典成为你的生活伴侣！

Recommended Dictionaries字典推荐

Dictionaries are vital and important tools in studying or learning any subject. However current dictionaries vary in accuracy and usefulness and many of these modern dictionaries are virtually useless and can confuse a student due to their false and omitted definitions and grammatical error. So the dictionary that a student chooses to use is important and can actually make a difference in his success as a student.

As dictionaries are such an important factor in the leaning and application of any subject a list of some dictionaries that have been found to be the best of those currently available is included here.

Webster's New World Dictionary for Young Readers:

This is a very simple American dictionary. It is available in most bookstores and is published by New World Dictionaries/Simom and Schuster. It is a hardbound volume and does not contain derivations. When using this dictionary a student must be sure to clear the derivation in a larger dictionary. The

definitions in this dictionary are quite good.

Oxford American Dictionary: This is a very good dictionary simpler than the college dictionaries yet more advanced than the beginning dictionary listed above. It does not list derivations of the words. It is quite an excellent dictionary and very popular with students who want to use an intermediate dictionary.

It is published in paperback by Avon Books and in hardback by Oxford University Press:

Webster's New World Dictionary of American Language Student Edition:

This is an intermediate-- level American dictionary which includes derivations. It is published by New World Dictionary/Simon & Schuster and available in most bookstores.

研究或学习任何科目，字典都是重要的不可或缺的工具。然而目前许多字典，无论论及正确性还是实用性方面几乎无大功用。由于这些字典在字的定义上的错误与遗漏还有语法谬误，反而导致学习者的困惑。所以选对字典就显得尤为重要，字典的选择实际会带来不一样的学习成效。

在任何学科的学习和应用上，字典都是如此重要，这里列出时下可用字典中几个精品。

《韦氏新世界青少年词典》。

这是本非常简洁的美语词典，大部分书店现售。这本精装字典未收录词源，学生在使用该词典时就要用更大部头的字典清理词源。不过该词典定义上乘。

《牛津美语词典》

这是本非常好的美语字典，比学院字典简单，但比上述那本深一些。也是没有列出词源的。但这是本相当棒的字典，受到想用中级字典的学习者的青睐。

其平装本由Avon书屋发行，精装本由牛津大学出版社出版发行。

《韦氏新世界美语字典学生版》

这是本收录有词源的中级程度美语字典。由Simon&Schuster新世界字典公司发行。（美国）各大书店均有销售。

The Random House College Dictionary

This is a college dictionary and somewhat of a higher gradient than the dictionaries listed above. This is a one --volume American dictionary published in the US by Random House Inc. and in Canada by Random House of Canada Limited. This Random House dictionary containes a large number of slang definitions and idioms and also gives good derivations.

The Webster's New World Dictionary of the American Language College Edition:

This is an American college dictionary published by New World Dictionary/Simon&Schuster. It is a one-- volume dictionary and gives most of the slangs definitions and idioms. It also has good derivations.

The Concise Oxford Dictionary:

This is a very concise English dictionary but it is not a simple or beginner's dictionary. It is a small one-- volume dictionary. It uses a lot of abbreviations which may take some getting used to but once the abbreviations are mastered students find this dictionary as easy to use as any other similarly advanced dictionaries. It is less complicated in its definitions than the usual college dictionary and has the added benifit that the definitions given are well stated ---in other words it does not give the same definition reworded several different definitions the way some dictionaries do.

This dictionary is printed in Great Britain and the US by the Oxford University Press.

…（略部分字典介绍，译者注）

《Random学院字典》

这是一部院校字典，比前述字典要坚深。单册本在美国由Random出版公司发行，在加拿大由其同名有限公司发行。

这本字典包含极大量俚语定义及惯用语，还提供有词源。

《韦氏新世界美语字典 学院版》

也是美国院校字典，由Simon及Schuster新世界字典公司发行。是本单册本。包含大量俚语定义和惯用语，也有很好的词源。

《简明牛津字典》

这是本简明的英文字典，却非一部简单字典，也非初学者所适合用。这是本小单行本，用了许多缩写。有些人要熟悉一段才会使用。但一经熟悉了缩写，学习者会发现，使用这部字典与其他类似较深的字典一样容易。比起一般院校字典，其定义不但不算复杂，还有额外优势，比如定义分述得体； 换言之，不像有些字典，把基本相同的定义措辞分解成好几个不同定义。

在英国和美国，这部字典均由牛津大学出版社发行。

……

Dinky dictionaries“袖珍”小小字典

"Dinky Dictionaries" are the kind you can fit in your pocket. They are usually paperback and sold in magazine counters in drug stores and grocery stores.

In learning the meaning of words small dictionaries are often a great liability than they are a help.

“袖珍”型小字典就是你能放在口袋的小型便携字典。其多为简装，而且在杂货店或药店杂志柜台上随便出售。

就学习词汇定义而言，这种小袖珍字典弊多于利。

The meaning they give are often circular: like" Cat: An Animal." "Animal: A Cat". They do not give enough meaning to escape the circle.

The meaning given are often inadequate to get a real concept of a word.

The word are too few and even common words are often missing.

Like pocketbook dictionary may have their uses for traveling and reading newspapers but they do get people into trouble. People have been seen to find a word in them and then look around in total confusion. For the dinky dictionary did not give the full meaning r the second meaning they really needed.

So the dinky dictionary may fit in your pocket but not in your mind.

Don't use a dinky dictionary.

这种小型字典所给出的字义通常是无意义循环。例如猫Cat的定义是一只动物，而Animal动物的定义居然是“动物：一只猫”。这些字典没有足够的空间定义来避免循环打转。

它们所给的定义，通常不足以使查找人对清查的字词产生正确概念。

此类字典字条太少，甚至遗漏掉常见字词。

袖珍小词典，旅游读报，有其功用。但又确实给人们造成麻烦。常常发现人们在字典中只找到了要找的字，却在阅读定义后一片茫然。因为这个字典没给出完整的意义，或没给到查找者需要的另一个定义。

所以口袋型小字典适合装进口袋，却难装进脑“袋”。劝君莫用口袋字典！

（译者评：信息爆炸的今天，劝君也莫依赖网络字典。下期将讲述字典与母语，定义的缺失与遗漏及词源。欢迎留言评论，有进一步关于字典和学习心态和学习技巧请关注后续。）