八年级英语练习方法（八年级英语复习攻略）

somebody = someone某人 something 某物，某事 anybody = anyone任何人 anything什么事物，任何事物，无论什么事物 nobody = no one没有人，不重要的人 nothing没有东西，什么也没有;不重要的人或事

everybody = everyone每人 人人 所有人 everything每一个事物，一切

词组：for nothing(徒劳，没有好结果，免费)，nothing but(仅仅，只不过)，

It's nothing. (不用谢，不必在意) anybody else(别人)

（1）复合不定代词只相当于名词 在句子中作主语、宾语和表语，而不能作定语。 Everything is made of elements.任何东西都是元素构成的。（作主语） I have nothing to say toady.我今天没什么可讲的。（作宾语） That`s nothing.没什么。（作表语）

（2）作主语时，谓语动词用单数。

（3）代替与-thing构成的复合不定代词，用it；代替与-body -one构成的复合不定代词，一般用they，在正式文体中可用he。

如：Everyone knows what they have to do don't they ？

Everyone knows what he has to do doesn't he ? 每个人都知道他必须做什么，不是吗？

（2）something和anything的区别与some和any的区别一样，前者一般用于肯定句，后者一般用于否定句、疑问句或条件状语从句中。 I have something important to tell you.我有重要的事情要告诉你。（肯定句）Someone is asking to see you.有人要见你。 （肯定句）Has anything happened ？出什么事了吗？ （疑问句）We can`t decide anything now.我们现在不能作什么决定。 （否定句）If you want anything call me.你要是需要什么可以给我打电话。（条件状语从句）

（3）复合不定代词被定语所修饰时，形容词或不定式等其他定语则须放在它们的后面。 There is nothing wrong with the machine.这机器没出什么毛病。（形容词）

This is something special. 这是种特别的东西。（形容词）Is there anything important in today``s newspaper?今天报纸上有什么重要消息吗？（形容词）Do you want anything to drink ?你想喝点什么吗？If there is anything I can do for you please tell me.如果有什么我能帮你的，请告诉我。

④除与-thing构成的复合不定代词外，即everyone、everybody、someone，somebody都有所有格形式；当其后有else时，'s要加在else后面。如： That must be somebody else's coat; it isn't mine. 那一定是别人的外衣，不是我的。

⑤everyone=everybody anyone=anybody 只指人，不能与of短语连用；every one any one可指人也可指物，一定要与of连用才可以。如：Is anybody here? 有人吗？

You can take any one of these. 你可以随便拿一个。 ⑥与some-，any-构成的复合不定代词的用法与some any的用法相同。与any-构成的复合不定代词一般用于否定句或疑问句中，not…any-构成完全否定，但没有any-…not的说法；与some-构成的复合不定代词用于肯定句、预料作肯定回答的疑问句、建议或请求的疑问句中

【巧记复合代词分合】：分合皆能单独用，后加of合不成。【巧学不定代词】：不定代词美名扬，修饰成分后边藏；单数动词作谓语，何时何地都一样。

buy sth. for sb. / buy sb. sth.为某人买某物

taste adj. 尝起来…look adj. 看起来…smell 闻起来 sound 听起来 feel 感觉起来

taste delicious…look beautiful…smell terrible … sound wonderful… feel comfortable /tired / bored/

nothing…but 动词原形 除了……之外什么都没有

seem （to be） adj. 看起来…… No one seemed to be bored.

seem to do sth.

arrive in 大地点 / arrive at 小地点 到达某地

decide to do sth.决定去做某事

try doing sth.尝试做某事 / try to do sth.尽力去做某事

forget doing sth.忘记做过某事/ forget to do sth.忘记做某事

enjoy doing sth.喜欢做某事 dislike doing sth. 不喜欢做某事

want to do sth.想去做某事 start doing sth.开始做某事

stop doing sth. 停止做某事 stop to do sth. 停下来去做某事

keep doing sth.继续做某事 keep on doing sth. 反复做某事有小停歇

Why not do. sth.?为什么不做……呢？

so adj. that 从句 如此……以至于……

it is adj. for sb. to do sth对某人来说做…怎么样

tell sb. (not) to do sth. 告诉某人（不要）做某事 ask sb. (not) to do sth. 要求某人（不要）做某事

want sb. (not) to do sth. 想要某人（不要）做某事

1.anywhere 与 somewhere 两者都是anywhere 在任何地方 ，

常用于否定句和疑问句中。I can't find it anywhere.

somewhere 在某处，到某处，常用于肯定句。 I lost my key somewhere near here.

2. seem 形容词 看起来….. You seem happy today.

seem to do sth. 似乎、好像做某事 I seem to have a cold

I seems / seemed 从句 看起来好像…；似乎…. It seems that no one believe you.

seem like ….好像，似乎….. It seems like a god idea.

3. decide to do sth.决定做某事 They decide to visit the museum.

decide 疑问词 动词不定式 He can not decide when to leave.

4. start doing sth = start to do sth. 开始，可与begin 互换 。He started doing his homework.

但以下几种情况不能用begin .

1)创办，开办： He started a new bllkshop last month.

2)机器开动： I can't start my car.

3)出发，动身： I will start tomorrow morning.

5. over 介词，多于，超过，在…以上（表示数目、程度）= more than

My father is over 40 years old.

在…之上，与物体垂直且不接触，与 under 相反。 There is a map over the blackboard.

超过： I hear the news over the radio.

遍及： I want to travel all over the world.

6. too many 太多，后接可数名词复数： Mother bought too many eggs yesterday.

too much 太多，修饰不可数名词，修饰动词作状语。

We have too much work to do. Don't talk too much.

Much too 太，修饰形容词或副词。

The hat is much too big for me. You're walking much too fast.

分辨三者的口诀： too much much too 用法区别看后头： much 后接不可数， too 后修饰形或副。

too many 要记住，后面名词必复数。

7. because of 介词短语，因为，由于，后接名词、代词或动名词，不能接句子。

He can't take a walk because of the rain.

because 连词，因为，引导状语从句，表示直接明确的原因或理由。

I don't buy the shirt because it was too expensive.

Unit2 How often do you exercise?

help with housework帮助做家务 on weekends在周末 how often多久一次 hardly ever几乎从不

once a week每周一次 twice a month每月两次 every day每天 be free有空

go to the movies去看电影 use the Internet用互联网 swing dance摇摆舞 play tennis打网球

stay up late熬夜；睡得很晚 at least至少 have dance and piano lessons上舞蹈课和钢琴课

go to bed early早点睡觉 play sports进行体育活动

be good for对……有好处 sb. spend time with sb.和某人一起度过时光

be bad for对……有坏处 sb. spend time / money on sth.在某方面花费时间/金钱

be good with与……友好相处 sb. spend time /money in doing sth.在做某事上花费时间/金钱

be good at sth./ doing sth 擅长某事/做某事

be friendly with sb. 与某人友好相处

be friendly to sb. 对某人友好

be kind to sb. 对某人友好

go camping去野营

not…at all一点儿也不…… in one's free time在某人的业余时间 the most popular最受欢迎的

such as比如；诸如 old habits die hard积习难改 go to the dentist去看牙医

morn than多于；超过 less than少于

help sb. with sth.帮助某人做某事 How about…? ......怎么样？/ ……好不好？

want sb. to do sth.想让某人做某事 How many 可数名词复数 一般疑问句？ ……有多少……?

主语 find that从句. ……发现…… It's adj. to do sth. 做某事的……的。

ask sb. about sth.向某人询问某事 ask sb. to do sth.要求某人做某事

by doing sth. 通过做某事 What's your favorite……?你最喜爱的……是什么？

the best way to do sth.做某事的最好方式 Which…do you like best? 你最喜欢

词语辨析：

1. how often 多久一次，用来提问动作发生的频率。回答用：once，twice three times 等词语。

How often do you play sports? Three times a week.

how long 多长，用来询问多长时间，也可询问某物有多长。

How long does it take to get to Shanghai from here? How long is the ruler?

how for 多远， 用来询问距离，指路程的远近。 How far is it from here to the park? It's about 2 kilometers.

1. free 空闲的，有空的， 反义词为 busy. be free 有空，闲着，相当于 have time.

I'll be free next week. = I'll have time next week.

还可作"免费的、自由的"解。be free to do sth. 自由地做某事。

The tickets are free. You're free to go or to stay.

2. How come？ 怎么会？ 怎么回事？表示某件事情很奇怪，有点想不通；可单独使用，也可引导一个问句， 相当于疑问句 why 但 how come 开头的特殊疑问句使用的仍然是陈述语序。

How come Tom didn't come to the party? = Why didn't Tom come to the party?

3. stay up late 指"熬夜到很晚，迟睡"。 Don't stay up late next time.

stay up 指"熬夜，不睡觉"。 He stayed up all night to write his story.

4. go to bed 强调"上床睡觉"的动作及过程，但人不一定睡着。I went to bed at eleven last night.

go to sleep 强调"入睡，睡着，进入梦乡"。 She was so tired that she went to sleep soon.

5. find 宾语 名词 发现 ： We have found him (to be) a good boy.

find 宾语 形容词， 发现： He found the room dirty.

find 宾语 现在分词， 发现 ： I found her standing at the door.

6. percent 百分数， 基数词 percent： percent 没有复数形式，作主语时，根据所修饰的名词来判断谓语的单复数。 Forty percent of the students in our class are girls. Thirty percent of time passed.

7. more than 超过，多于，不仅仅， 相当于 over. 在句型转换中考查两者的同义替换。反义词组为：less than. I lived in Shanghai for more than / over ten years.

9. afraid 形容词， 担心的，害怕的，在句中作表语，不用在名词前作定语。

I'm afraid we can't come here on time.

be afraid of sb / sth 害怕某人 / 某事； be afraid of doing sth. 害怕做某事。

Some children are afraid of the dark. Don't be afraid of asking question.

I'm afraid 从句， 恐怕， 担心： I'm afraid I have to go now.

be afraid to do sth 害怕做某事

10. sometimes sometime some times some time 的区别：

sometimes 频度副词， 有时。表示动作发生的不经常性，多与一般现在时连用，可位于句首、句中或句末。

Sometimes I get up very early. ------How often do you get up?

sometime 副词，某个时候。 表示不确切或不具体的时间，常用于过去时或将来时，对它用疑问词when.

I will go to Shanghai sometime next week. ------When will you go to Shanghai next week?

some times 名词词组， 几次，几倍。其中time 是可数名词，对它提问用how many times.

I have read the story some times. -------How many times have you read the story?

some time 名词短语， 一段时间. 表示"一段时间"时，句中谓语动词常为延续性动词，提问时用 How long.

I 'll stay here for some time. -----How long will you stay here?

Unit3 I'm more outgoing than my sister.

Both Sam and Tom can play the drums but Sam plays them better than Tom.

That's Tara isn't it?

Are you as friendly as your sister?

I'm shy so it's not easy for me to make friends.

more outgoing更外向 as…as…与……一样…… the singing competition唱歌比赛

be similar to与……相像的/类似的 be the same as和……相同；与……一致

be different from与……不同

care about关心；介意 look after 照顾 take care of 照顾

be like a mirror像一面镜子 the most important最重要的

as long as只要；既然 bring out使显现；使表现出 get better grades取得更好的成绩

reach for伸手取 in fact事实上；实际上 make friends交朋友 the other其他的

touch one's heart感动某人 be talented in music有音乐天赋

be good at擅长…… be good with善于与……相处

have fun doing sth.享受做某事的乐趣 be good at doing sth擅长做某事

make sb. do sth.让某人做某事

want to do sth.想要做某事 as adj./adv.的原级 as 与……一样……

It's adj. for sb. to do sth. 对某人来说，做某事……的。

词语辨析：

laugh v. & n. 笑

We all laughed loudly when she made a joke. 她说了个笑话，我们都大声笑起来。

We all laughed at his joke. 听了他的笑话我们都笑起来。

He laughs best who laughs last. 谁笑在最后，谁笑得最好。/不要高兴得太早。

（与at连用）嘲笑

Don't laugh at him. 别嘲笑他。

People have often laughed at stories told by seamen. 人们常常嘲笑海员所讲的故事。

Everyone laughed at his foolish antics. 大家都笑他那种愚蠢的滑稽动作。

笑；笑声 We had a good laugh at his joke. 我们被他的笑话逗得哈哈大笑。

though conj. 虽然；纵然；即使；尽管 = although

Though it was raining，he went there. 虽然当时正下着雨，他还是到那里去了。

Though he was poor he was happy. 虽然他很穷却很快乐。

注意：不能受汉语的影响，在though引导的从句后使用but。如：

Though he was poor，but he was happy.（误）

though adv.. 不过，可是，然而，常用于句末，用逗号隔开。

Jim said that he would come he didn't though.

形容词和副词的比较级、最高级

大多数形容词和副词有三个等级：1）原级（不作比较），修饰词very so too pretty really；2）比较级，表示"较……"或"更……"的意思（两者之间进行比较） 标志词than A or B of the two 修饰词much a lot a little；3）最高级，表示"最……"的意思（三者或三者以上作比较），形容词最高级前面一般要加定冠词the，后面可带in（of）短语来什么比较的范围。

形容词和副词的比较级和最高级规则变化：

形容词和副词的比较级和最高级不规则变化：

as…(原级)as与……一样…… not as/so…as不如

Liming is as tall as Jim. Jack runs as fast as Tom.

Lily is not as/so tall as Lucy. =Lily is shorter than Lucy.

Unit4 What's the best movie theater?

1. It has the biggest screens.

2. The DJs choose songs the most carefuuly.

3. How do you like it so far? 到目前为止，你认为它怎么样？

4. Thanks forget telling me.

5. Can I ask you some questions?

movie theater电影院 close to…离……近 clothes store服装店 in town在镇上

so far到目前为止 10 minutes by bus坐公共汽车10分钟的路程 talent show才艺表演

in common共同；共有 around the world世界各地；全世界 more and more……越来越……

and so on等等 all kinds of……各种各样的 be up to是……的职责；由……决定

not everybody并不是每个人 make up编造（故事、谎言等） play a role in…在……方面发挥作用/有影响

for example例如 take…seriously认真对待 give sb. sth.给某人某物

come true（梦想、希望）实现；达到Can I ask you some…?我能问你一些……吗？

How do you like…?你认为……怎么样？Thanks for doing sth.因做某事而感谢。

What do you think of…?你认为……怎么样?much adj./adv.的比较级 ……得多

watch sb. do sth.观看某人做某事

play a role in doing sth.发挥做某事是作用/在做某事方面扮演重要的角色

one of 可数名词的复数 ……之一

形容词和副词的最高级

比较级有变化，一般词尾加-er， 最高级有变化，词尾加上-est，

词尾若是哑音e 直接加r就可以， 词尾若是哑音e 直接加上-st，

辅音字母加y 记得把y变i加-er 辅音字母加y y变i再加-est

一辅重读闭音节，末尾双写加-er， 一辅重读闭音节，末尾双写加-est，

形副音节123，比较等级more在前。 形副单词多音节，最高级前the most。

1.表示由动词加-ing或-ed构成的形容词。

2.表示由形容词加后缀-ly构成的副词。

3.表示部分双音节及多音节词。

tall-- taller short-- shorter long-- longer

fat-- fatter heavy-- heavier thin -- thinner

cute -- cuter clever-- cleverest

strict -- stricter kind -- kinder nice -- nicer

calm -- calmer wild -- wilder smart -- smarter

quiet -- quieter loud-louder shy -- shier

lovely -- lovelier pretty-- prettier ugly-uglier

funny -- funnier friendly --friendlier / less friendly

happy--happier lazy -- lazier

popular -- more popular outgoing – more outgoing talented -- more talented

serious –more/less serious active -- more active athletic --more athletic

handsome --more handsome beautiful -- more beautiful hardworking – more/ less hardworking

( jump) high -- higher ( run ) fast -- faster

( work ) hard -- harder ( get up ) early -- earlier

( sing ) well -- sing better late -- later

( dance ) well -- dance better

( play basketball ) well -- (play basketball ) better

be good at -- be better at ( feel )good -- ( feel )better

(sing) clearly -- (sing) more clearly (speak) loudly -- (speak) more loudly

calmly -- more calmly wildly -- more wildly

quietly -- more quietly seriously --more seriously

actively -- more actively

Unit5 Do you want to watch a game show?

think of认为 learn from从……获得；向……学习 find out查明；弄清楚 talk show谈话节目

game show游戏节目 soap opera肥皂剧 go on发生 watch a movie看电影

a pair of一双；一对try one's best尽某人最大努力 as famous as与……一样有名

have a discussion about就……讨论one day有一天 such as例如 dress up打扮；梳理

take sb.'s place代替；替换

do a good job干得好 something enjoyable令人愉快的东西 interesting information有趣的资料

one of……之一 look like看起来像 around the world全世界 a symbol of……的象征

let sb. do sth.让某人做某事 plan to do sth.计划/打算做某事 hope to do sth.希望做某事

happen to do sth.碰巧做某事 expect to do sth.盼望做某事 How about doing…?做……怎么样？

be ready to do sth.乐于做某事 try one's best to do sth.尽力做某事

1.the other the others other others another 辨析

the other 表示特指两个或者两部份中的另一个或另一部分，可直接单数名词或复数名词。表示两个中的一个……另一个……时，常用one …the other…。例：

He has two brothers one is a teacher the other is a doctor.

There are forty students in our class. twenty-one are girls the other nineteen are boys.

the others 特指某一范围内的其他的（人或物），是the other的复数形式，相当于the other 复数名词。the other 复数名词 = any other 名词单数。例：

You two stay here the others go with me.

I'm different from Jeff because I'm louder than the other kids (any other kid) in my class.

other 作代词或形容词，可修饰可数名词单数或复数。例：

We learn Chinese Maths English and other subjects.

others 作代词，泛指"其他的人或物"。 例：

Some students are doing homework others are talking loudly.

another 泛指同类事物中的三者或三者以上的"另一个"，只能代替或修饰单数可数名词。例：

I don't like this one. Please show me another one.

3.find out 查明，弄清楚，find 找到

Please find out when Mrs Green will go to Beijing.

4. go on 发生，与 take place 同义

I wonder what was going on.

翻译：隔壁发生了什么？ ？

1. happen v.发生，一般指偶然发生，主语为事，不能为人。

Sth happens to sb. A traffic accident happened to his elder brother yesterday.

Sth happens 地点/时间，意为：某地/某时发生了某事

An accident happened on Park Street.

happen v，表示"碰巧"，主语可以是人，后常跟动词不定式to 表示"碰巧……".

Sb happens to do sth.

I happened to see my uncle on the street.

* take place 意为"发生，举行，举办"，一般指非偶然性事件的"发生"，即这种事件的发生一定有某种原因或事先的安排。例：

Great changes have taken place in China.

The meeting will take place next Friday.

2. expect v. 期待，盼望，预期，后常接四种结构：

1)expect 名词/代词，期待某事/某人，预计……可能发生。

I'm expecting Li Lin's letter.

2)expect to do sth. 预计做某事

Lily expects to come back next week.

3)expect sb. to do sth.期望某人做某事

I expect my mother to come back early.

4)expect 从句 预计……

I expected that I'll come back next Monday.

7. serious a. 严肃的，认真的。 He is a serious man.

be serious about sb/sth. 对某人/某事当真

Peter is serious about Jenny. He wants to get married to her.

be serious about doing sth. 对某事当真 ____He's serious about selling his house.

take sth. seriously 认真对待某事

动词不定式做宾语

Unit6 I'm going to study computer science.

grow up成长；长大 every day每天 be sure about对……有把握 make sure确信；务必

send…to…把……送到…… be able to能 the meaning of……的意思 different kinds of不同种类的

write down写下；记下 have to do with关于；与……有关系 take up开始做；学着做

hardly ever几乎不；很少 too…to…太……而不能……/太……以至于不能

be going to 动词原形 打算做某事 practice doing练习做某事 keep on doing sth.不断地做某事

learn to do sth.学会做某事 finish doing sth.做完某事 promise to do sth.许诺去做某事

help sb. to do sth.帮助某人做某事 remember to do sth.记住做某事 agree to do sth.同意做某事

love to do sth.喜爱做某事 want to do sth.想要做某事

1 promise vt. 保证，许诺。有三种结构：

1)promise to do sth. _____My mother promised to buy a piano for me.

2)promise sb. sth. _____ My aunt promised me a bike.

3)promise that 从句_____ Tom promises that he can return on time.

promise n. 允诺， 诺言 make a promise

Lily is a dishonest girl. She never keeps a promise.

2.when 与 while 的区别：

when 表示"当…时候"，既指时间点，又指一段时间，when 引导的时间状语从句中的动词可以是终止性的也可以是延续性的。When the teacher came in the students were talking.

When she arrives I'll call you.

while 表示"当…时候"，仅指一段时间，从句中的动作必须是延续性的，一般强调主从句的动作同时发生， while 还可以作并列连词，意为" 而、却"，表示对比关系。

Lisa was singing while her mother was playing piano.

Tom is strong while his younger brother is week.

3. practice vt. 练习， 后接名词，代词或v-ing 作宾语。

Your elder sister is practicing playing the guitar in the room.

常跟v-ing 作宾语的动词有：

考虑建议盼原谅：consider suggest/advise look forward to excuse pardon.

承认推迟没得想： admit delay/put off fancy.

避免错过继续练：avoid miss keep/keep on practice.

否认完成能欣赏： deny finish enjoy appreciate.

不禁介意与逃亡： can't help mind escape.

不准冒险凭想象： forbid risk imagine.

4. everyday 与 every day 区别

everyday adj. 每天的 在句中作定语，位于名词前。 This is our everyday homework.

every day 副词短语， 在句中作状语，位于句首或句末。 He reads books every day.

be going to 的用法

1） be going to 动词原形——表示将来的打算、计划或安排。常与表示将来的tomorrow next year等时间状语或when 引导的时间状语从句连用。各种句式变换都借助be 动词完成，be随主语有am is are 的变换，going to 后接动词原形。

肯定句： 主语 be going to 动词原形 其他。He is going to take the bus there.

否定句： 主语 be not going to 动词原形 其他 I'm not going to see my friends this weekend.

一般疑问句： Be 主语 going to 动词原形 其他

肯定回答： Yes 主语 be. 否定回答： No 主语 be not.

Are you going to see your friends this weekend? Yes I am. / No I'm not.

特殊疑问句： 疑问词 be 主语 going to 动词原形 其他？

What is he going to do this weekend? When are you going to see your friends?

2) 如果表示计划去某地，可直接用 be going to 地点

We are going to Beijing for a holiday.

3) 表示位置移动的动词，如go come leave 等常用进行时表示将来。

The bus is coming. My aunt is leaving for Beijing next week.

4) be going to 与 will 的区别：

① 对未来事情的预测用" will 动词原形"表达，will 没有人称和数的变化，变否定句要在will 后面加not 也可用will 后面加 not 或者缩略式won't 变一般疑问句将will 提至 句首。

Will planes be large in the future? Yes they will. / No they won't.

②will 常表示说话人相信或希望要发生的事情，而be going to 指某事肯定发生，常表示事情很快就要发生。 I believe Lucy will be a great doctor.

③ 陈述将来的某个事实用will.

I will ten years old next year.

④表示现在巨大将来要做的事情用 will.

I'm tired I will go to bed.

⑤ 表示意愿用will.I'll tell you the truth.

⑥ 表示计划、打算要做的事情用 be going to 而不用 will.

I'm going to buy a computer this month.

---Let's discuss the plan shall we? ----Not now. I ______ to an interview.

A. go B. went C. am going D. was going

------Jack is busy packing luggage. ---Yes. He _________for America on vacation.

A. leaves B. left C. is leaving D. has been away

Unit 7 Will people have robots?

短语：on computers on paper live to be 200 years old free time

be in danger on the earth play a part in sth/doing sth

live on a space station look for computer programmer in the future huandreds of the same…as over and over again get bored wake up look like = be like 像… fall down

用法： will 动词原形 将要做 have to do sth 不得不做某事

fewer/more 可数名词复数 更少/更多… less/more 不可数名词 更少/更多

agree with sb. 同意某人的意见 try to do sth. 尽力做某事

disagree with sb. 不同意某人的意见 try doing sth. 尝试做某事

such 名词（词组） 如此 play a part in doing sth 参与做某事

make sb do sth 让某人做某事 help sb with sth 帮助某人做某事

make sb adj. 让某人怎么样 help sb (to)do sth 帮助某人做某事

make sb. sth. make me a better person 使我成为更好的人

There will be 主语 其他 将会有….

There is/are sb. doing sth 有…正在做…

It is 形容词 for sb to do sth 做某事对某人来说…的

词语辨析： 1. every 与 each 的区别：

every 用来表整体，each 用来表个别。each 最低需是两，every 最低需是三。every adj.

every 作主用单数，each 可单也可复，作主、作定用单数，其他情况用复数。 each adj./ pron.

Every teacher knows her.

There are lots of trees on each side of the road.

Each of the road has a dictionary.

2. on the earth 在地球上，作地点状语，位于句首或句末。 on earth 究竟，到底。用于疑问句或副词后，加强语气。

All the living things on the earth depend on the sun. / What on earth do you mean?

3. human 指包括男人女人孩子的"人，人类"，有别于动物，自然景物，机器等的特殊群体，也可指具体的人。

person 无性别之分，常用于数目不太大，而且数目比较精确的场合。

people 泛指"人们"，表示复数概念。

man 前不带冠词而且单独使用时，指"男人"，a man 可指"一个人/ 一个男人"，复数形式为men.

He was the only human on the island.

There are only three persons in the room.

There are many people there.

Man is stronger than woman.

4. seem 连系动词，好像，似乎，看来。有下面几种用法：

seem 名词 看起来。He seems a nice man.

seem like 好像，似乎。 It seemed like a good idea at the time.

seem to do sth. 似乎/看起来/好像做某事。 I seem to have left my book at home.

It seems/seemed that 看起来好像… 似乎…. He was very happy.

seem to be 形容词/名词 = seem 形容词/名词。 She seems to be happy.= She seems happy.

5. probably ad. maybe 相当于 perhaps. 也许，大概，可能。作状语.

probably 用于句中，可能性最大。 He will probably come tomorrow.

maybe/perhaps 用于句首。 Maybe/Perhaps you are right.

1. during / for / in 介词，在……期间。说到某事是在某一段时间之间发生的用during; 说到某事持续多久则用for; 说到某事具体发生的时间用in.

We visited many places of interest during the summer holiday.

I've been here for two weeks.

They usually leave school in July.

一般将来时结构：

肯定式： 主语 will/shall 动词原形 其他

will 用于各种人称，shall 用于第一人称。

主语 be going to 动词原形 其他 be 随人称、数和时间的变化而变换。

否定式： 在will/shall/be 后面加 not. will not = won't .

一般疑问句： 将will/shall/be 提到主语前面。

There be 句型的一般将来时：

There will be 主语 其他 ，意为 ：将会有。一般疑问句形式为： Will there be 主语 其他。

肯定回答是： Yes there will. 否定回答是： No there won't.

否定形式是：There won't be 主语 其他， 将不会有……

特殊疑问句是: 疑问词/ 词组 一般疑问句？

When will there be a nice basketball match?

Traveling to space is no longer just a dream. Russia______the first hotel in space in the near future. A. builds B. will build C. built D. has built

There ______ a football match on CCTV-5 at nine tomorrow evening.

A. will have B. is going to be C . is having

In 50 years there _______more robots in people's homes.

A. were B. will have C. will be D. have

--Will people live to be 300 years old? ---_________.

A. No they aren't B. No they won't C. No they don't D. No they can't. They ______any classes next week. A. will have B. won't have C. have D. had

Unit 8 How do you make a banana milk shake?

短语：milk shake turn on pour into a cup of yogurt

Sounds like a good idea/plan. on Saturday cut up put into one more thing=another thing a piece of bread at this time

a few/ few （几乎没有） fill…with… cover…with… one by one

a long time

短语用法：How many 可数名词复数 How much 不可数名词 let sb. do sth.

want to do sth. forget to do sth. how to do sth.

There are many reasons for 一段时间 ago by doing sth.

need to do sth. make 宾语 形容词 It's time(for sb) to do sth

First…Next…Then…Finally…

句型：Turn on the blender. How do you make a banana milk shake?

How many bananas do we need? How much yogurt do we need?

Now it's time to enjoy the rice noodles!

语法：主谓一致判断法：

1. 不可数名词作主语时，谓语动词用单数。

2. 动名词或动词不定式作主语时，谓语动词用单数形式。

3. either…or… neither…nor… not only…but also..连接两个名词或代词作主语时，谓语动词与邻近的名词或代词在人称和数上保持一致。

4. 在here there 开头的倒装句中，谓语动词与后面的名词在数上保持一致。

词语辨析：

1. turn on 打开，接通（电源，气，水），反义词是turn off. turn up/turn down 调高/低音量。

2. pour…into… 将…倒入/灌入… into 是：进入… in 是：在…内。

在put throw break lay fall 等动词之后，既可用in，也可用into。但in可作副词，into不能。

He put all the books in/into the bag. Come in!

3. 有关make 的短语： make the bed 铺床 make tea 沏茶 make trouble 惹麻烦

make money 赚钱 make a decision 做决定 make a telephone call 打电话

make a visit 拜访 make a mistake 犯错误 make a noise 弄出噪音

make a living 谋生 make sure 务必

4. one more thing = another one thing 基数词 more 名词 = another 基数词 名词

5. fill with 用…填充… be filled with = be full of 充满….

The boy filled the bottle with sand. / The bag was full of clothes.

6. cover…with… 用…把…覆盖 be covered with 被…所覆盖。 cover n. 封面，盖子。

Ann covered her face with her hands. / The cover of the magazine is nice.

7. It's time (for sb) to do sth. 到某人做某事的时候了。

It's time for sth. 到做某事的时候了。

Unit 9 Can you come to my party?

短语：on Saturday afternoon have to prepare for an exam

go to the doctor/dentist have the flu help my parents come to the party meet my friend go to the party too much homework

go to the movies another time last fall hang out after school on the weekend study for a test visit grandparents

the day before yesterday the day after tomorrow look after

have a piano lesson accept an invitation turn down an invitation

take a trip at the end of this month at the beginning of this month

look forward to doing sth. the opening of go shopping

too much homework go to the concert not…until

reply in writing 书面回复 reply to sth/sb. 回复

短语用法：

invite sb. to do sth. What a/an 形容词 可数名词单数 （ 主语 谓语）！

help sb. (to) do sth What 形容词 名词复数/不可数名词（ 主语 谓语）！

be sad to do sth. see sb to do sth / see sb doing sth

the best way to do sth. have a surprise party for sb

What's today? What's the date today? What day is it today?

句型：Can you come to my party on Saturday afternoon?

Sure I'd love to. / Sorry， I can't. I have to prepare for an exam.

1. prepare意为"准备"，强调准备的动作与过程。宾语是这一动作的承受者。其后也可接双宾语，还可接不定式。 prepare for sth. 为…准备好。for的宾语不是动作的承受者，而是表示准备的目的，即所要应付的情况。 / prepare to do sth 准备做某事。

prepare 强调准备的动作与过程。宾语是这一动作的承受者。其后也可接双宾语，还可接不定式。

get/be ready意为"准备好"，强调准备的结果。常见结构有：①be ready(for sth．)②get sth. ready ③be ready(for sth)④be get ready to do(准备干某事，乐于干某事)

We _____ the mid-term examination.

Miss Li said "Everyone should ______before class.

2. have the flu 患感冒 have a cold 感冒 have a cough 咳嗽 have a fever 发烧 have a sore throat 喉咙痛 have a headache 头痛 have a toothache 牙痛

3. hang out 常去某处，泡在某处 hang on 紧紧抓住 hang about 闲荡 hang up 挂电话，悬挂，挂起

4. catch you = bye bye catch a cold 感冒 catch sb's eye 引起某人注意 catch the train 赶上火车

catch up with 赶上，，跟上 catch hold of 抓住

5.accept 接受 反义词为： refuse。 accept指主观上愿意接受，receive 收到，指客观上收到或拿到，但主观上不一定会接受。 I received his gift yesterday but I wouldn't like to accept it.

1. turn down = refuse 拒绝 turn up 放大，调高 turn over 翻身 take turns 依次，轮流

2. help sb.(to) do sth 帮助某人做某事 help sb. with sth 在某方面帮助人 help oneself to sth 随便吃

3. at the end of 在…末尾，在…尽头， by the end of 到…末为止 in the end of 终于

4. surprised 形容词，感到意外的，主语是人be surprised to do sth 对做某事感到意外

surprising 形容词，令人惊讶的，主语是物 The news was surpring.

surprise 名词，惊奇、惊讶 to one's surprise 动词，使惊奇，使感到意外 It surprise sb to do sth.

5. look forward to 期待，盼望，to 是介词，后跟名词，代词或动名词作宾语。

hear from sb. 收到某人的来信 = receive a letter from sb.

hear of = hear about 听说

6. make it 在约定的时间内到达，能够来 = arrive in time; Glad you could make it.

商量确定的时间，表示将来某项计划的安排，后接时间状语。 Let's make it at seven o'clock on Tuesday.

成功办成某事 = succeed After years of hard work he finally made it.

7. reply 回答，指用口头或书面形式回答，不及物动词 reply to sb/sth. 对…..作出回答。

作及物动词，意为 回答，回答说。作名词，意为：答道，回信，答复，后跟介词 to .

answer 是最普通的用语，包括口头，书面或行动的回答，可作及物和不及物动词。

Unit 10 If you go to the party you'll have a great time!

短语：go to the party have a great /good time stay at home take the bus tomorrow night have a class party have a class meeting half the class make some food at the party order food potato chips be angry with sb. give sb some advice travel around the world go to college make（a lot of）money get an education work hard a soccer player keep…to oneself talk to sb.

in life in the end be angry at/about sth make mistakes in the future

run away the first step in half solve a problem school clean-up

习惯用法： ask sb. to do sth give sb sth. tell sb. to do sth it's too…to do sth

be afraid to do sth. advise sb to do sth It's best (not)to do sth.

need to do sth

语法：I think I'll take the bus to the party. If you do you'll be late.

What will happen if they have the party today? If they have it today half the class won't come.

Should we ask people to bring food? If we ask people to bring food they'll just bring potato chips and chocolate.