斜弱视指南（斜弱视常见问题）

斜弱视指南（斜弱视常见问题）问:是否所有弱视患者，都可以提高视力？是否有年龄或其他限制？A:Every patient is different and each case must be considered individually however while age in itself is not a limiting factor it is also true that the earlier treatment begins the better the chances for full recovery. If there is no pathology in the eye or visual pathway visual acuity should be able to be improved either partially or completely since the red

Q: If patching is not the best or most effective method of treatment why is it still used by many professionals?

A:As I have said repeatedly throughout this book the patch was first used in the eighteenth century. Once a habit is developed (even a bad one) a person does not easily change! It has taken many decades to have the idea of brain plasticity in adults accepted. Many brave men and women spent their lives defending these new ideas that seemed implausible at first but have now been clearly proven by objective data. Changes come albeit slowly and often only after overcoming strong resistance.

The aim of this book is to do my part in spreading this knowledge and having a vehicle to share it with you. We must discard outdated treatments and replace them with updated methods. We must overcome old paradigms that can no longer survive such as age being a limiting factor in neuro-functional treatments and patching and surgery as the only effective treatment for amblyopia and strabismus.

问:如果遮盖不是最好的，或最有效的治疗方法，为什么许多专业人士仍在使用?

答:正如我在本书反复提到，遮盖18世纪就开始使用，一旦习惯养成，哪怕是一个坏习惯，也很难改变。成人大脑神经可塑性这一观点，花费了几十年，人们才逐渐接受。许多勇敢的男士和女士，终其一生捍卫新观点，这些观点刚开始似乎难以相信，但现在已经为客观数据所证实。变化非常缓慢，人们需要克服强大阻力，才能迎来改变。

写作本书的目的，是要尽我所能，去传播这些新知识。我们应该抛弃过时的治疗方法，用新方法取而代之。我们必须克服旧观念，比如斜弱视治疗有年龄限制、全天遮盖和斜视手术是治疗斜弱视最好方法。

Q:Can visual acuity be improved in all amblyopic eyes or are there age or other limits?

A:Every patient is different and each case must be considered individually however while age in itself is not a limiting factor it is also true that the earlier treatment begins the better the chances for full recovery. If there is no pathology in the eye or visual pathway visual acuity should be able to be improved either partially or completely since the reduced acuity is a neuro- functional problem.

问:是否所有弱视患者，都可以提高视力？是否有年龄或其他限制？

答:每位患者病情不同，需要分别对待，然而，年龄不是限制因素，同时，越早治疗，完全康复几率越大。如果视力降低，仅仅是神经功能问题，眼睛本身或视觉通路本身，没有器质性病变，视力应该可以部分或完全恢复。

Q:Is it true that children cannot wear contact lenses?

A:No this is another myth. There are no studies to show that this is so and are thousands of children who wear contact lenses very successfully. In many cases contact lenses provide the basic starting point for treatment and without them treatment cannot be successful.

问：儿童不能佩戴隐形眼镜，这个说法对么？

答：不对，这是谣言。没有任何证据能支持这个说法，有大量儿童，在佩戴隐形眼镜。许多情况下，隐形眼镜为治疗提供了良好基础，没有它们，治疗就不可能成功。

Q:Where I can find a professional who provides behavioral optometric vision therapy?

A:It is best to find a behavioral optometrist like the woman who treated Dr. Susan Barry even if you must travel some distance to find a qualified one. There are many behavioral optometrists not only in Spain but throughout the world who have undertaken this specialization. In Appendix II you will find some web addresses to help you to find the one that is closest to you.

问：哪里可以找到从事视觉训练的眼视光医生?

答：最好找一位高水平的视觉训练眼视光学医生，就像治疗了苏珊·巴里博士的女医生。即使距离远些，也关系不大。许多眼视光医生从事视觉训练，不仅在西班牙，世界各地都有。本书附录有很多网址，能够帮你找到距离最近的视觉训练眼视光医生。

Q:Do multiple strabismus surgeries affect the prognosis for vision therapy? Is it possible to develop binocularity and see in 3D?

A:After surgical intervention prognosis can be worse because the eyes are not in their natural state. We do not know how the neural connections to the muscles have been changed and whether there are scars or adhesions. Sometimes the patient is left with a deviation that is different than what was present before the surgery including deviations in the opposite direction hyper deviations and cyclo torsional deviations. Regardless a behavioral optometric treatment can be successful after surgery and at any age. Dr. Susan Barry had three surgeries but did not recover binocularity until she undertook a behavioral optometric vision therapy program at age 48.

问：多次斜视手术 是否影响视觉训练预后? 是否可能建立双眼视和立体视?

答:手术干预后，眼睛不是处于自然状态，预后可能变差。我们无法判断神经与肌肉的连接，如何被手术改变，同时也不清楚，是否存在疤痕或粘连。有时，患者术后会出现与术前不同的眼位偏移，包括相反的偏移，垂直偏移和旋转偏移。不过，任何年龄的术后患者，视觉训练都可以成功。苏珊·巴里博士共接受了三次斜视手术，但双眼视功能并没有恢复，直到她48岁，进行视觉训练后，才建立立体视。

Q:How do people who don't see in 3D calculate distances?

A:As I have said in a previous chapter there are many ways to calculate distances using monocular clues. These monocular clues include object occlusion shadows and shading perspective and motion parallax. Dr. Susan Barry explains each of these cues in detail Chapter 7 of her book.

问：没有立体视的患者，如何估算距离?

答：正如之前章节所讨论，通过单眼线索，有很多方式可以估算距离，这些单眼线索包括：物体遮挡、阴影、透视和运动视差。苏珊·巴里博士在她书中第7章，详细解释了这些单眼线索。

（文章摘自: CROSSED & LAZY EYES MYTHS MISCONCEPTIONS AND TRUTHS）