高一英语被动语态填空：17英语语法Negative
高一英语被动语态填空：17英语语法NegativeEast London is not on most tourist maps. These shoes aren't very comfortable.Be动词后跟not/n't.b 一个助动词前必须要有not. 在一般时态中使用助动词do.I don't like horror films. 而不是I like not horror films.The hero did not study medicine. 而不是The hero studied not medicine.
1 Not with a verb和动词搭配的Nota 在大多数的否定陈述中not 或n't 出现在第一个助动词后.
Some people have Not read the book.
The monster wasn't called Frankenstein.
That might or might not have given the author the idea for the name.
b 一个助动词前必须要有not. 在一般时态中使用助动词do.
I don't like horror films. 而不是I like not horror films.
The hero did not study medicine. 而不是The hero studied not medicine.
Be动词后跟not/n't.
East London is not on most tourist maps. These shoes aren't very comfortable.
c 请看以下表格
我们不能使用no和动词搭配产生否定意义
The bus didn't come. 而不是The bus no came.
2 Not 在其他位置Not可以放在一个词或短语的前面，如果说话人试图纠正时.
I ordered tea not coffee.
That's a nice green. ~ It's blue not green.
Is there a meeting today?~ Not today - tomorrow.
Not 可以放在一个名词短语表达数量（many）或表距离/时间的短语前
Not many people have their own aeroplane.
There's a cinema not far from here.
The business was explained to me not long afterwards.
注意
a Instead of (= in place of) 和rather than也有否定意义:
They should build houses instead of office blocks.
They should build houses not office blocks.
I drink tea rather than coffee.
I drink tea not coffee.
b Not可以放在否定前缀前.比如 un in 或dis.
Beggars are a not unusual sight on the streets of London. Not unusual = fairly usual.
c not表达一整个从句的情形 比如i hope not
3 其他否定词
注意
a 动词 fail avoid stop prevent 和deny表否定.
You have failed to reach the necessary standard. (= You have not reached the necessary standard.)
I want to avoid getting caught in the rush hour.
A lock could stop/prevent others from using the telephone.
The player denied having broken the rules.
(= The player said he/she had not broken the rules.)
b Without 表否定.
Lots of people were without a ticket.
(= Lots of people did not have a ticket.)
c 否定前缀表否定 unusual disagree
我们一般不适用not/n't 或never和另一个否定词搭配.
I didn't see anyone. 而不是I didn't see no one.
That will never happen. 而不是That won't never happen. We've hardly started. 而不是We haven't hardly started.
在非正式英语，双重否定=否定.
I didn't see no one. (非正式)
(= I didn't see anyone我没看到任何人/I saw no one我看到没人)
在正式英语，双重否定=不同的含义.
I didn't see no one. I saw one of my friends. (= I saw someone我没有看到没人，我看到了某人)
We can't do nothing. (= We must do something我不能什么都不做，我必须做点什么)
注意
有时我们会在 I wouldn't be surprised if/It wouldn't surprise me if...后面使用否定词
I wouldn't be surprised if it rained/if it didn't rain.（说话者期待将下雨）
5 强调否定a 我们可以重音not.=>Frankenstein did not study medicine.
如果是短形n't 我们就重音助动如(比如did)=>Frankenstein didn't study medicine.
b 我们可以使用at all强调否定.
Frankenstein wasn't the name of the monster at all.
There was nowhere at all to park.
还有一些其他的短语有类似的意义.
The operation was not a success by any means.
I'm not in the least tired.
The project is not nearly complete. There is still a long way to go.
Her son's visits were far from frequent.
我们可以把absolutely放在no 和它的复合词前面.
There was absolutely nowhere to park.
注意
a 我们可用 ever配否定词
No one ever takes any notice of these memos.
b 我们可用 whatsoever 放在nothing none后面，或no 名词的后面
There's nothing whatsoever we can do about it.
The people seem to have no hope whatsoever.
c 否定意义状语可以放在前面表其他的强调，这通常会和否定词no never neither nor seldom rarely hardly 和only一起搭配使用，主语和助动词需倒置
At no time did the company break the law.
比较: The company did not break the law at any time.
Under no circumstances should you travel alone.
比较: You should not travel alone under any circumstances.
Never in my life have I seen such extraordinary behaviour.
比较: I have never seen such extraordinary behaviour in my life.
The telephone had been disconnected. Nor was there any electricity.
比较: There wasn't any electricity either.
Seldom did we have any time to ourselves.
比较: We seldom had any time to ourselves.
Only in summer is it hot enough to sit outside.
比较: It's only hot enough to sit outside in summer.
倒置强调听上去比较正式和文学性 尽管no way是非正式的.
No way am I going to let this happen.
注意
a 带 not 的短语也可以放在句首表强调
Not since his childhood had Jeff been back to the village.
比较: Jeff had not been back to the village since his childhood.
b no sooner 和hardly后的倒置
No sooner had Martin sat down than the phone rang.
Hardly had I started work when I felt a pain in my back.
